"天下" meaning in Japanese

See 天下 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [tẽ̞ŋka̠] Forms: 天下 [canonical] (ruby: (てん), ()), tenka [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing. Etymology templates: {{bor|ja|ltc|-|sort=てんか}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|天下|heaven + under|id=1,1}} 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|てんか}} 天(てん)下(か) • (tenka)
  1. the whole world, the earth
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-3KQ3sjlJ Categories (other): Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 3 5 1 32 3 4 1 2 28 19 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 3 1 36 2 3 1 1 30 21 1 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 32 2 2 0 6 35 19 5 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 23 2 2 0 8 31 27 7
  2. the whole country, all of Japan
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-WLx30hY2
  3. the government of Japan
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-t4dhQW1~
  4. power, control over the government
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-zWn1lQkH
  5. (historical, Edo period) the shogun Tags: historical
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-1haJ4XXZ Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys
  6. (card games) in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza) Categories (topical): Card games
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-jEWCqfZf Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 3 5 1 32 3 4 1 2 28 19 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 3 1 36 2 3 1 1 30 21 1 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 32 2 2 0 6 35 19 5 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 23 2 2 0 8 31 27 7 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 27 2 2 1 8 35 17 7 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 7 8 11 2 2 60 7 2 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 25 4 4 1 2 43 19 2 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 27 3 2 0 9 34 17 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 29 2 3 1 9 38 19 Topics: card-games, games
  7. short for 天下一 (tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no)) Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 天下一 (extra: (tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no)))
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-DMW7UC6X Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 3 5 1 32 3 4 1 2 28 19 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 3 1 36 2 3 1 1 30 21 1 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 32 2 2 0 6 35 19 5 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 23 2 2 0 8 31 27 7
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [tẽ̞ŋɡe̞] Forms: 天下 [canonical] (ruby: (てん), ()), tenge [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The go'on, so likely the earlier borrowing. Appears with this reading in the Kagerō Nikki, dating to roughly 974 CE. Superseded in modern Japanese by tenka above. Etymology templates: {{bor|ja|ltc|-|sort=てんか}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|天下|heaven + under|id=1,1}} 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|てんげ}} 天(てん)下(げ) • (tenge)
  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) the world, the earth Tags: archaic, obsolete, possibly Related terms: 天上 (tenjō) (ruby: (てん), (じょう)), 地上 (chijō) (ruby: (), (じょう)), 地下 (chika) (ruby: (), ()), 天下る (amakudaru) (ruby: (あま), (くだ))
    Sense id: en-天下-ja-noun-2V2lPPjs Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
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  "forms": [
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  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
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        {
          "_dis": "3 5 1 32 3 4 1 2 28 19 2",
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      "id": "en-天下-ja-noun-t4dhQW1~",
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        "(historical, Edo period) the shogun"
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Card games",
          "orig": "ja:Card games",
          "parents": [
            "Games",
            "Recreation",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
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          "_dis": "7 8 11 2 2 60 7 2",
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          "_dis": "29 2 3 1 9 38 19",
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)"
      ],
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          "card game",
          "card game"
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          "蠣",
          "蠣#Japanese"
        ]
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        "(card games) in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "card-games",
        "games"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no))",
          "word": "天下一"
        }
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      ],
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        {
          "english": "the best yokozuna in the world",
          "roman": "tenka no yokozuna",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "天",
              "てん"
            ],
            [
              "下",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "横",
              "よこ"
            ],
            [
              "綱",
              "づな"
            ]
          ],
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          "type": "example"
        }
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        "short for 天下一 (tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no))"
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      "links": [
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          "天下一",
          "天下一#Japanese"
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          "best",
          "best"
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        [
          "world",
          "world"
        ],
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          "attributively",
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        ],
        [
          "particle",
          "particle#English"
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          "の",
          "の#Japanese"
        ]
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      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
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    }
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  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "てんか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "天下"
}

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      "ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋɡe̞]"
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    "Daijirin",
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  "word": "天下"
}
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        "(card games) in traditional Japanese card games, one of the strong cards known as 蠣 (aza)"
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    {
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          "english": "the best yokozuna in the world",
          "roman": "tenka no yokozuna",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "天",
              "てん"
            ],
            [
              "下",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "横",
              "よこ"
            ],
            [
              "綱",
              "づな"
            ]
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          "type": "example"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for 天下一 (tenka ichi): the best in the world (often used attributively with the particle の (no))"
      ],
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          "天下一",
          "天下一#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "best",
          "best"
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        [
          "world",
          "world"
        ],
        [
          "attributively",
          "attributively#English"
        ],
        [
          "particle",
          "particle#English"
        ],
        [
          "の",
          "の#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "てんか"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋka̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "天下"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "てんか"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "天下",
        "2": "heaven + under",
        "id": "1,1"
      },
      "expansion": "天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 天下 (MC then haeX, “heaven + under”). The go'on, so likely the earlier borrowing.\nAppears with this reading in the Kagerō Nikki, dating to roughly 974 CE. Superseded in modern Japanese by tenka above.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "天下",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "天",
          "てん"
        ],
        [
          "下",
          "げ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenge",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "てんげ"
      },
      "expansion": "天(てん)下(げ) • (tenge)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "tenjō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "天",
          "てん"
        ],
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "天上"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chijō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "地",
          "ち"
        ],
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "地上"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chika",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "地",
          "ち"
        ],
        [
          "下",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "地下"
    },
    {
      "roman": "amakudaru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "天",
          "あま"
        ],
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "天下る"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the world, the earth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "world",
          "world"
        ],
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete) the world, the earth"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[tẽ̞ŋɡe̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Kagerō Nikki"
  ],
  "word": "天下"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 天下 meaning in Japanese (5.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "天下"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "天下",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "天下"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "天下",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.