"雖も" meaning in Japanese

See 雖も in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Conjunction

IPA: [ie̞do̞mo̞] Forms: 雖も [canonical] (ruby: 雖(いえど)), iedomo [romanization], ifedomo [romanization], いへども [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: From Old Japanese. Attested since at least the Man'yōshū of 759. Analyzable as 仮定形(かていけい) (kateikei)/已然形(いぜんけい) (izenkei) of verb 言(い)う (iu, to say) + inflectional suffix ど (do, indicating contrasting conjunction) + particle も (mo). The kanji spelling is from Middle Chinese via kanbun. Up through the Heian period, the reading ifu to mo was used specifically for hypothetical statements, while the iedo mo reading was used specifically for conditional statements. Over time, this distinction eroded, and by the Edo period, the iedo mo reading was used for both cases. Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} Old Japanese, {{ja-r|仮定形|かていけい}} 仮定形(かていけい) (kateikei), {{ja-r|已然形|いぜんけい}} 已然形(いぜんけい) (izenkei), {{ja-r|言う|いう|pos=to say}} 言(い)う (iu, to say), {{der|ja|ltc|-}} Middle Chinese Head templates: {{ja-pos|conjunction|いえども|hhira=いへども}} 雖(いえど)も • (iedomo) ^(←いへども (ifedomo)?)
  1. (literary) even though; despite; notwithstanding Tags: literary
    Sense id: en-雖も-ja-conj-gE-H3pI7 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Conjunction

IPA: [iɯ̟to̞mo̞], [jɯ̟ːto̞mo̞] Forms: 雖も [canonical] (ruby: 雖(いうと)), iutomo [romanization], ifutomo [romanization], いふとも [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: From Old Japanese. Attested since at least the Man'yōshū of 759. Analyzable as verb 言(い)う (iu, “to say”) + particle と (to) + particle も (mo). Up through the Heian period, the reading ifu to mo was used specifically for hypothetical statements, while the iedo mo reading was used specifically for conditional statements. Over time, this distinction eroded, and by the Edo period, the iedo mo reading was used for both cases. Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} Old Japanese, {{ja-r|言う|いう|to say}} 言(い)う (iu, “to say”) Head templates: {{ja-pos|conjunction|いうとも|hhira=いふとも}} 雖(いうと)も • (iutomo) ^(←いふとも (ifutomo)?)
  1. (literary, archaic, possibly obsolete) even though; despite; notwithstanding Tags: archaic, literary, obsolete, possibly
    Sense id: en-雖も-ja-conj-gE-H3pI71 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 50 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "仮定形",
        "2": "かていけい"
      },
      "expansion": "仮定形(かていけい) (kateikei)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "已然形",
        "2": "いぜんけい"
      },
      "expansion": "已然形(いぜんけい) (izenkei)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "言う",
        "2": "いう",
        "pos": "to say"
      },
      "expansion": "言(い)う (iu, to say)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Attested since at least the Man'yōshū of 759.\nAnalyzable as 仮定形(かていけい) (kateikei)/已然形(いぜんけい) (izenkei) of verb 言(い)う (iu, to say) + inflectional suffix ど (do, indicating contrasting conjunction) + particle も (mo).\nThe kanji spelling is from Middle Chinese via kanbun.\nUp through the Heian period, the reading ifu to mo was used specifically for hypothetical statements, while the iedo mo reading was used specifically for conditional statements. Over time, this distinction eroded, and by the Edo period, the iedo mo reading was used for both cases.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "雖も",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "雖",
          "いえど"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iedomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ifedomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "いへども",
      "roman": "ifedomo",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "conjunction",
        "2": "いえども",
        "hhira": "いへども"
      },
      "expansion": "雖(いえど)も • (iedomo) ^(←いへども (ifedomo)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "id": "en-雖も-ja-conj-gE-H3pI7",
      "links": [
        [
          "even though",
          "even though"
        ],
        [
          "despite",
          "despite"
        ],
        [
          "notwithstanding",
          "notwithstanding"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "いえども"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ie̞do̞mo̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "Edo period",
    "Heian period",
    "Kyōsuke Kindaichi",
    "Kōjien",
    "Man'yōshū",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
    "Shinmura Izuru"
  ],
  "word": "雖も"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "言う",
        "2": "いう",
        "3": "to say"
      },
      "expansion": "言(い)う (iu, “to say”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Attested since at least the Man'yōshū of 759.\nAnalyzable as verb 言(い)う (iu, “to say”) + particle と (to) + particle も (mo).\nUp through the Heian period, the reading ifu to mo was used specifically for hypothetical statements, while the iedo mo reading was used specifically for conditional statements. Over time, this distinction eroded, and by the Edo period, the iedo mo reading was used for both cases.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "雖も",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "雖",
          "いうと"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iutomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ifutomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "いふとも",
      "roman": "ifutomo",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "conjunction",
        "2": "いうとも",
        "hhira": "いふとも"
      },
      "expansion": "雖(いうと)も • (iutomo) ^(←いふとも (ifutomo)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "id": "en-雖も-ja-conj-gE-H3pI71",
      "links": [
        [
          "even though",
          "even though"
        ],
        [
          "despite",
          "despite"
        ],
        [
          "notwithstanding",
          "notwithstanding"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, archaic, possibly obsolete) even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "literary",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[iɯ̟to̞mo̞]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jɯ̟ːto̞mo̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Edo period",
    "Heian period",
    "Man'yōshū"
  ],
  "word": "雖も"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese conjunctions",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "仮定形",
        "2": "かていけい"
      },
      "expansion": "仮定形(かていけい) (kateikei)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "已然形",
        "2": "いぜんけい"
      },
      "expansion": "已然形(いぜんけい) (izenkei)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "言う",
        "2": "いう",
        "pos": "to say"
      },
      "expansion": "言(い)う (iu, to say)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Attested since at least the Man'yōshū of 759.\nAnalyzable as 仮定形(かていけい) (kateikei)/已然形(いぜんけい) (izenkei) of verb 言(い)う (iu, to say) + inflectional suffix ど (do, indicating contrasting conjunction) + particle も (mo).\nThe kanji spelling is from Middle Chinese via kanbun.\nUp through the Heian period, the reading ifu to mo was used specifically for hypothetical statements, while the iedo mo reading was used specifically for conditional statements. Over time, this distinction eroded, and by the Edo period, the iedo mo reading was used for both cases.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "雖も",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "雖",
          "いえど"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iedomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ifedomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "いへども",
      "roman": "ifedomo",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "conjunction",
        "2": "いえども",
        "hhira": "いへども"
      },
      "expansion": "雖(いえど)も • (iedomo) ^(←いへども (ifedomo)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese literary terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "even though",
          "even though"
        ],
        [
          "despite",
          "despite"
        ],
        [
          "notwithstanding",
          "notwithstanding"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "いえども"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ie̞do̞mo̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "Edo period",
    "Heian period",
    "Kyōsuke Kindaichi",
    "Kōjien",
    "Man'yōshū",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
    "Shinmura Izuru"
  ],
  "word": "雖も"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese conjunctions",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "言う",
        "2": "いう",
        "3": "to say"
      },
      "expansion": "言(い)う (iu, “to say”)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Attested since at least the Man'yōshū of 759.\nAnalyzable as verb 言(い)う (iu, “to say”) + particle と (to) + particle も (mo).\nUp through the Heian period, the reading ifu to mo was used specifically for hypothetical statements, while the iedo mo reading was used specifically for conditional statements. Over time, this distinction eroded, and by the Edo period, the iedo mo reading was used for both cases.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "雖も",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "雖",
          "いうと"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iutomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ifutomo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "いふとも",
      "roman": "ifutomo",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "conjunction",
        "2": "いうとも",
        "hhira": "いふとも"
      },
      "expansion": "雖(いうと)も • (iutomo) ^(←いふとも (ifutomo)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese literary terms",
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "even though",
          "even though"
        ],
        [
          "despite",
          "despite"
        ],
        [
          "notwithstanding",
          "notwithstanding"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, archaic, possibly obsolete) even though; despite; notwithstanding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "literary",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[iɯ̟to̞mo̞]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[jɯ̟ːto̞mo̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Edo period",
    "Heian period",
    "Man'yōshū"
  ],
  "word": "雖も"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 雖も meaning in Japanese (5.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "雖も"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "conjunction",
  "title": "雖も",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "雖も"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "conjunction",
  "title": "雖も",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "雖も"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "conjunction",
  "title": "雖も",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "雖も"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "conjunction",
  "title": "雖も",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.