"限る" meaning in Japanese

See 限る in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ka̠ɡʲiɾɯ̟]
Etymology: From Old Japanese. First cited to the Kojiki of 712. Further derivation is uncertain. While a surface analysis might suggest a relation to 鍵 (kagi, “key”) or its cognate 鉤 (kagi, “lock”), Japanese references do not make such a connection. In addition, the oldest uses of derived noun 限り (kagiri, “limitation, bound, extent”) indicate that the initial sense was one of "limitation" in terms of time, in contrast to 極み (kiwami, “limitation, bound, extent”) in terms of space. Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-}} Old Japanese Head templates: {{ja-verb|かぎる|tr=trans|type=1}} 限(かぎ)る • (kagiru) transitive godan (stem 限(かぎ)り (kagiri), past 限(かぎ)った (kagitta)) Inflection templates: {{ja-conj-bungo|かぎ|4-r}} Forms: 限る [canonical] (ruby: (かぎ)), kagiru [romanization], 限り [stem] (ruby: (かぎ)), 限った [past] (ruby: (かぎ)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 限ら [error-unrecognized-form], かぎら [error-unrecognized-form], kagira [error-unrecognized-form], 限り [error-unrecognized-form], かぎり [error-unrecognized-form], kagiri [error-unrecognized-form], 限る [error-unrecognized-form], かぎる [error-unrecognized-form], kagiru [error-unrecognized-form], 限れ [error-unrecognized-form], かぎれ [error-unrecognized-form], kagire [error-unrecognized-form], 限られる [passive], かぎられる [passive], kagirareru [passive], 限らせる [causative], 限らす [causative], かぎらせる [causative], かぎらす [causative], kagiraseru [causative], kagirasu [causative], 限れる [potential], かぎれる [potential], kagireru [potential], 限ろう [volitional], かぎろう [volitional], kagirō [volitional], 限らない [negative], かぎらない [negative], kagiranai [negative], 限らず [continuative, negative], かぎらず [continuative, negative], kagirazu [continuative, negative], 限ります [formal], かぎります [formal], kagirimasu [formal], 限った [perfective], かぎった [perfective], kagitta [perfective], 限って [conjunctive], かぎって [conjunctive], kagitte [conjunctive], 限れば [conditional, hypothetical], かぎれば [conditional, hypothetical], kagireba [conditional, hypothetical], no-table-tags [table-tags], 限ら [irrealis, stem], かぎら [irrealis, stem], kagira [irrealis], 限り [continuative, stem], かぎり [continuative, stem], kagiri [continuative], 限る [stem, terminative], かぎる [stem, terminative], kagiru [terminative], 限る [attributive, stem], かぎる [attributive, stem], kagiru [attributive], 限れ [realis, stem], かぎれ [realis, stem], kagire [realis], 限れ [imperative, stem], かぎれ [imperative, stem], kagire [imperative], 限らず [negative], かぎらず [negative], kagirazu [negative], 限れど [contrastive], かぎれど [contrastive], kagiredo [contrastive], 限れば [causative], かぎれば [causative], kagireba [causative], 限らば [conditional], かぎらば [conditional], kagiraba [conditional], 限りき [past], かぎりき [past], kagiriki [past], 限りけり [past], かぎりけり [past], kagirikeri [past], 限りつ [perfect], かぎりつ [perfect], kagiritu [perfect], 限りぬ [perfect], かぎりぬ [perfect], kagirinu [perfect], 限れり [continuative, perfect], 限りたり [continuative, perfect], かぎれり [continuative, perfect], かぎりたり [continuative, perfect], kagireri [continuative, perfect], kagiritari [continuative, perfect], 限らむ [volitional], かぎらむ [volitional], kagiramu [volitional]
  1. to limit, to restrict
    Sense id: en-限る-ja-verb-xbkyoKQe Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru: 53 47 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 51 48 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 58 42 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 58 42 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 58 42 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 51 49 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 58 42 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 59 41 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 64 36
  2. be limited to, be restricted to
    Sense id: en-限る-ja-verb-EcFB~C8H Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese terms with 1 kanji Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru: 53 47 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 51 48 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 51 49
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First cited to the Kojiki of 712.\nFurther derivation is uncertain.\nWhile a surface analysis might suggest a relation to 鍵 (kagi, “key”) or its cognate 鉤 (kagi, “lock”), Japanese references do not make such a connection. In addition, the oldest uses of derived noun 限り (kagiri, “limitation, bound, extent”) indicate that the initial sense was one of \"limitation\" in terms of time, in contrast to 極み (kiwami, “limitation, bound, extent”) in terms of space.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "限",
          "かぎ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限り",
      "roman": "kagiri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "限",
          "かぎ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限った",
      "roman": "kagitta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "限",
          "かぎ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagire",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagitta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagitte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagire",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagire",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiredo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiraba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiriki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiritu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiritari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiramu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かぎる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "限(かぎ)る • (kagiru) transitive godan (stem 限(かぎ)り (kagiri), past 限(かぎ)った (kagitta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かぎ",
        "2": "4-r"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to limit, to restrict"
      ],
      "id": "en-限る-ja-verb-xbkyoKQe",
      "links": [
        [
          "limit",
          "limit"
        ],
        [
          "restrict",
          "restrict"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "be limited to, be restricted to"
      ],
      "id": "en-限る-ja-verb-EcFB~C8H",
      "links": [
        [
          "limited",
          "limited"
        ],
        [
          "restricted",
          "restricted"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "かぎる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠ɡʲiɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "Kojiki",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
  ],
  "word": "限る"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese godan verbs",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -iru",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First cited to the Kojiki of 712.\nFurther derivation is uncertain.\nWhile a surface analysis might suggest a relation to 鍵 (kagi, “key”) or its cognate 鉤 (kagi, “lock”), Japanese references do not make such a connection. In addition, the oldest uses of derived noun 限り (kagiri, “limitation, bound, extent”) indicate that the initial sense was one of \"limitation\" in terms of time, in contrast to 極み (kiwami, “limitation, bound, extent”) in terms of space.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "限",
          "かぎ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限り",
      "roman": "kagiri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "限",
          "かぎ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限った",
      "roman": "kagitta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "限",
          "かぎ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagire",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagitta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagitte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagira",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagire",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagire",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiredo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiraba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiriki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiritu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagirinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限れり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限りたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎれり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎりたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagireri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiritari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "限らむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かぎらむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kagiramu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かぎる",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "限(かぎ)る • (kagiru) transitive godan (stem 限(かぎ)り (kagiri), past 限(かぎ)った (kagitta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かぎ",
        "2": "4-r"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to limit, to restrict"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "limit",
          "limit"
        ],
        [
          "restrict",
          "restrict"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "be limited to, be restricted to"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "limited",
          "limited"
        ],
        [
          "restricted",
          "restricted"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "かぎる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠ɡʲiɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "Kojiki",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
  ],
  "word": "限る"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 限る meaning in Japanese (9.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "限る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "限る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "限る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "限る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "限る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "限る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "限る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "限る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "限る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "限る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "限る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "限る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "限る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "限る",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.