See 通商 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "通商",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つうしょう"
},
"expansion": "通(つう)商(しょう) • (tsūshō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foreign commerce, trade"
],
"id": "en-通商-ja-noun-qcDzJtbO",
"links": [
[
"commerce",
"commerce"
],
[
"trade",
"trade"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つうしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨːɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "通商"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "通商する",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "通商し",
"roman": "tsūshō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "通商した",
"roman": "tsūshō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "通商し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "通商する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "通商すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "通商せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "通商しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "通商させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "通商しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "通商しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "通商した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "通商して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "通商すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つうしょう",
"tr": "intrans"
},
"expansion": "通(つう)商(しょう)する • (tsūshō suru) intransitive suru (stem 通(つう)商(しょう)し (tsūshō shi), past 通(つう)商(しょう)した (tsūshō shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"engage in international trade"
],
"id": "en-通商-ja-verb-i6s0ewp3"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つうしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨːɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "通商"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "通商",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つうしょう"
},
"expansion": "通(つう)商(しょう) • (tsūshō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foreign commerce, trade"
],
"links": [
[
"commerce",
"commerce"
],
[
"trade",
"trade"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つうしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨːɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "通商"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "通商する",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "通商し",
"roman": "tsūshō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "通商した",
"roman": "tsūshō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"通",
"つう"
],
[
"商",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "通商し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "通商する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "通商すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "通商せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "通商しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "通商させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "通商しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "通商しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "通商します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "通商した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "通商して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "通商すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "つうしょうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsūshō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つうしょう",
"tr": "intrans"
},
"expansion": "通(つう)商(しょう)する • (tsūshō suru) intransitive suru (stem 通(つう)商(しょう)し (tsūshō shi), past 通(つう)商(しょう)した (tsūshō shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"engage in international trade"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つうしょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨːɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "通商"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 通商 meaning in Japanese (6.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"通商"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "通商",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"通商"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "通商",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"通商"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "通商",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"通商"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "通商",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"通商"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "通商",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"通商"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "通商",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"通商"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "通商",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.