"軽い" meaning in Japanese

See 軽い in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ka̠ɾɯ̟ᵝi]
Etymology: From Old Japanese, in turn from Proto-Japonic *karu. In Old Japanese, seldom used outside of proper nouns, where in the Kojiki it is spelled as 加流 and in the Man'yōshū it is spelled as 軽, suggesting that this word was already used in Old Japanese with the meaning "light, lightweight". This might be weakly strengthened by a kana annotation of 軽 as karu(ku) in the Nihon Shoki. It is generally believed that karu(si) was the older form; this is also supported by Ryukyuan cognates (see Proto-Ryukyuan *karu). In the Heian period and Kamakura period, the variant かろし (karoshi) → かろい (karoi) has started to be in use, while 軽し (karushi) → 軽い (karui) has still seldom usage. Later, both karosi and karusi began to be used in parallel. Then, in Early Modern Japanese, karui slowly began to replace karoi. Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-|sort=かるい}} Old Japanese, {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*karu|sort=かるい}} Proto-Japonic *karu, {{lang|ja|加流}} 加流, {{lang|ja|軽}} 軽, {{lang|ja|軽}} 軽, {{m+|jpx-ryu-pro|*karu|w=1}} Proto-Ryukyuan *karu, {{m|ja|かろし|tr=karoshi}} かろし (karoshi), {{m|ja|かろい|tr=karoi}} かろい (karoi), {{m|ja|軽し|tr=karushi}} 軽し (karushi), {{m-self|ja|軽い|tr=karui}} 軽い (karui) Head templates: {{ja-adj|かるい|infl=i}} 軽(かる)い • (karui) -i (adverbial 軽(かる)く (karuku)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=く|attributive=い|conditional=ければ|conjunctive=くて|continuative=く|degree=さ|formal=い です|formal_negative=く ない です|formal_negative_past=く なかった です|formal_past=かった です|hypothetical=けれ|imperative=かれ|imperfective=かろ|informal_negative=く ない|informal_negative_past=く なかった|informal_past=かった|kana=かる|lemma=軽|provisional=かったら|terminal=い|volitional=かろう}} Forms: 軽い [canonical] (ruby: (かる)), karui [romanization], 軽く [adverbial] (ruby: (かる)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 軽かろ [imperfective, stem], かるかろ [imperfective, stem], karukaro [imperfective], 軽く [continuative, stem], かるく [continuative, stem], karuku [continuative], 軽い [stem, terminative], かるい [stem, terminative], karui [terminative], 軽い [attributive, stem], かるい [attributive, stem], karui [attributive], 軽けれ [hypothetical, stem], かるけれ [hypothetical, stem], karukere [hypothetical], 軽かれ [imperative, stem], かるかれ [imperative, stem], karukare [imperative], 軽くない [informal, negative], かるくない [informal, negative], karuku nai [informal, negative], 軽かった [informal, past], かるかった [informal, past], karukatta [informal, past], 軽くなかった [informal, negative, past], かるくなかった [informal, negative, past], karuku nakatta [informal, negative, past], 軽いです [formal], かるいです [formal], karui desu [formal], 軽くないです [formal, negative], かるくないです [formal, negative], karuku nai desu [formal, negative], 軽かったです [formal, past], かるかったです [formal, past], karukatta desu [formal, past], 軽くなかったです [formal, negative, past], かるくなかったです [formal, negative, past], karuku nakatta desu [formal, negative, past], 軽くて [conjunctive], かるくて [conjunctive], karukute [conjunctive], 軽ければ [conditional], かるければ [conditional], karukereba [conditional], 軽かったら [conditional, past], かるかったら [conditional, past], karukattara [conditional, past], 軽かろう [volitional], かるかろう [volitional], karukarō [volitional], 軽く [adverbial], かるく [adverbial], karuku [adverbial], 軽さ [noun-from-adj], かるさ [noun-from-adj], karusa [noun-from-adj]
  1. light, lightweight
    Sense id: en-軽い-ja-adj-4VRkISEl Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 46 20 2 32 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 66 25 2 7 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 70 17 2 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 63 22 2 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 67 17 3 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 70 17 2 11
  2. slight, light, mild
    Sense id: en-軽い-ja-adj-3sHu3ZVb
  3. easy
    Sense id: en-軽い-ja-adj-l8EO~gHV
  4. talkative
    Sense id: en-軽い-ja-adj-KlvBnjHE

Download JSON data for 軽い meaning in Japanese (10.2kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "omoi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "重",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"light\"",
      "word": "重い"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "かるい"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*karu",
        "sort": "かるい"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *karu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "加流"
      },
      "expansion": "加流",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽"
      },
      "expansion": "軽",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽"
      },
      "expansion": "軽",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
        "2": "*karu",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan *karu",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "かろし",
        "tr": "karoshi"
      },
      "expansion": "かろし (karoshi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "かろい",
        "tr": "karoi"
      },
      "expansion": "かろい (karoi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽し",
        "tr": "karushi"
      },
      "expansion": "軽し (karushi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽い",
        "tr": "karui"
      },
      "expansion": "軽い (karui)",
      "name": "m-self"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, in turn from Proto-Japonic *karu. In Old Japanese, seldom used outside of proper nouns, where in the Kojiki it is spelled as 加流 and in the Man'yōshū it is spelled as 軽, suggesting that this word was already used in Old Japanese with the meaning \"light, lightweight\". This might be weakly strengthened by a kana annotation of 軽 as karu(ku) in the Nihon Shoki.\nIt is generally believed that karu(si) was the older form; this is also supported by Ryukyuan cognates (see Proto-Ryukyuan *karu). In the Heian period and Kamakura period, the variant かろし (karoshi) → かろい (karoi) has started to be in use, while 軽し (karushi) → 軽い (karui) has still seldom usage.\nLater, both karosi and karusi began to be used in parallel. Then, in Early Modern Japanese, karui slowly began to replace karoi.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "軽い",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "軽",
          "かる"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽く",
      "roman": "karuku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "軽",
          "かる"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽けれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽いです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽ければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽さ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karusa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かるい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "軽(かる)い • (karui) -i (adverbial 軽(かる)く (karuku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "かる",
        "lemma": "軽",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 20 2 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 25 2 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 17 2 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 22 2 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "67 17 3 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 17 2 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "light baggage",
          "roman": "karui nimotsu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "荷",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "物",
              "もつ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い荷物"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "light, lightweight"
      ],
      "id": "en-軽い-ja-adj-4VRkISEl",
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "lightweight",
          "lightweight"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a light punishment",
          "roman": "karui batsu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "罰",
              "ばつ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い罰"
        },
        {
          "english": "mild pneumonia",
          "roman": "karui haien",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "肺炎",
              "はいえん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い肺炎"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "slight, light, mild"
      ],
      "id": "en-軽い-ja-adj-3sHu3ZVb",
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "mild",
          "mild"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "an easy job",
          "roman": "karui shigoto",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "仕",
              "し"
            ],
            [
              "事",
              "ごと"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い仕事"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "easy"
      ],
      "id": "en-軽い-ja-adj-l8EO~gHV",
      "links": [
        [
          "easy",
          "easy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "She is a talkative woman.",
          "roman": "Kanojo wa kuchi no karui onna da.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "彼女",
              "かのじょ"
            ],
            [
              "口",
              "くち"
            ],
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "女",
              "おんな"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "彼女は口の軽い女だ。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "talkative"
      ],
      "id": "en-軽い-ja-adj-KlvBnjHE",
      "links": [
        [
          "talkative",
          "talkative"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "かるい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠ɾɯ̟ᵝi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Heian period",
    "Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai",
    "Kamakura period",
    "Kojiki",
    "Man'yōshū",
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "軽い"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "omoi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "重",
          "おも"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"light\"",
      "word": "重い"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese い-i adjectives"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "かるい"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*karu",
        "sort": "かるい"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *karu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "加流"
      },
      "expansion": "加流",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽"
      },
      "expansion": "軽",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽"
      },
      "expansion": "軽",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
        "2": "*karu",
        "w": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan *karu",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "かろし",
        "tr": "karoshi"
      },
      "expansion": "かろし (karoshi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "かろい",
        "tr": "karoi"
      },
      "expansion": "かろい (karoi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽し",
        "tr": "karushi"
      },
      "expansion": "軽し (karushi)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "軽い",
        "tr": "karui"
      },
      "expansion": "軽い (karui)",
      "name": "m-self"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, in turn from Proto-Japonic *karu. In Old Japanese, seldom used outside of proper nouns, where in the Kojiki it is spelled as 加流 and in the Man'yōshū it is spelled as 軽, suggesting that this word was already used in Old Japanese with the meaning \"light, lightweight\". This might be weakly strengthened by a kana annotation of 軽 as karu(ku) in the Nihon Shoki.\nIt is generally believed that karu(si) was the older form; this is also supported by Ryukyuan cognates (see Proto-Ryukyuan *karu). In the Heian period and Kamakura period, the variant かろし (karoshi) → かろい (karoi) has started to be in use, while 軽し (karushi) → 軽い (karui) has still seldom usage.\nLater, both karosi and karusi began to be used in parallel. Then, in Early Modern Japanese, karui slowly began to replace karoi.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "軽い",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "軽",
          "かる"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽く",
      "roman": "karuku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "軽",
          "かる"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかろ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukaro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽い",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるい",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽けれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるけれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかれ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukare",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくない",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくなかった",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nakatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽いです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるいです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karui desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくないです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nai desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくなかったです",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku nakatta desu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽くて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるくて",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽ければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるければ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukereba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかったら",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukattara",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽かろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるかろう",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karukarō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽く",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるく",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karuku",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "軽さ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かるさ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karusa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かるい",
        "infl": "i"
      },
      "expansion": "軽(かる)い • (karui) -i (adverbial 軽(かる)く (karuku))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": "く",
        "attributive": "い",
        "conditional": "ければ",
        "conjunctive": "くて",
        "continuative": "く",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": "い です",
        "formal_negative": "く ない です",
        "formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
        "formal_past": "かった です",
        "hypothetical": "けれ",
        "imperative": "かれ",
        "imperfective": "かろ",
        "informal_negative": "く ない",
        "informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
        "informal_past": "かった",
        "kana": "かる",
        "lemma": "軽",
        "provisional": "かったら",
        "terminal": "い",
        "volitional": "かろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "light baggage",
          "roman": "karui nimotsu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "荷",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "物",
              "もつ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い荷物"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "light, lightweight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "lightweight",
          "lightweight"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a light punishment",
          "roman": "karui batsu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "罰",
              "ばつ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い罰"
        },
        {
          "english": "mild pneumonia",
          "roman": "karui haien",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "肺炎",
              "はいえん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い肺炎"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "slight, light, mild"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "light",
          "light"
        ],
        [
          "mild",
          "mild"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "an easy job",
          "roman": "karui shigoto",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "仕",
              "し"
            ],
            [
              "事",
              "ごと"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "軽い仕事"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "easy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "easy",
          "easy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "She is a talkative woman.",
          "roman": "Kanojo wa kuchi no karui onna da.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "彼女",
              "かのじょ"
            ],
            [
              "口",
              "くち"
            ],
            [
              "軽",
              "かる"
            ],
            [
              "女",
              "おんな"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "彼女は口の軽い女だ。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "talkative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "talkative",
          "talkative"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "かるい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠ɾɯ̟ᵝi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Heian period",
    "Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai",
    "Kamakura period",
    "Kojiki",
    "Man'yōshū",
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "軽い"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "軽い"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "軽い",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "軽い"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "軽い",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "軽い"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "軽い",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.