"積む" meaning in Japanese

See 積む in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [t͡sɨmɯ̟]
Head templates: {{ja-verb|つむ|tr=tr|type=1}} 積(つ)む • (tsumu) transitive godan (stem 積(つ)み (tsumi), past 積(つ)んだ (tsunda)) Inflection templates: {{ja-conj-bungo|つ|4-m}} Forms: 積む [canonical] (ruby: ()), tsumu [romanization], 積み [stem] (ruby: ()), 積んだ [past] (ruby: ()), no-table-tags [table-tags], 積ま [error-unrecognized-form], つま [error-unrecognized-form], tsuma [error-unrecognized-form], 積み [error-unrecognized-form], つみ [error-unrecognized-form], tsumi [error-unrecognized-form], 積む [error-unrecognized-form], つむ [error-unrecognized-form], tsumu [error-unrecognized-form], 積め [error-unrecognized-form], つめ [error-unrecognized-form], tsume [error-unrecognized-form], 積まれる [passive], つまれる [passive], tsumareru [passive], 積ませる [causative], 積ます [causative], つませる [causative], つます [causative], tsumaseru [causative], tsumasu [causative], 積める [potential], つめる [potential], tsumeru [potential], 積もう [volitional], つもう [volitional], tsumō [volitional], 積まない [negative], つまない [negative], tsumanai [negative], 積まず [continuative, negative], つまず [continuative, negative], tsumazu [continuative, negative], 積みます [formal], つみます [formal], tsumimasu [formal], 積んだ [perfective], つんだ [perfective], tsunda [perfective], 積んで [conjunctive], つんで [conjunctive], tsunde [conjunctive], 積めば [conditional, hypothetical], つめば [conditional, hypothetical], tsumeba [conditional, hypothetical], no-table-tags [table-tags], 積ま [irrealis, stem], つま [irrealis, stem], tuma [irrealis], 積み [continuative, stem], つみ [continuative, stem], tumi [continuative], 積む [stem, terminative], つむ [stem, terminative], tumu [terminative], 積む [attributive, stem], つむ [attributive, stem], tumu [attributive], 積め [realis, stem], つめ [realis, stem], tume [realis], 積め [imperative, stem], つめ [imperative, stem], tume [imperative], 積まず [negative], つまず [negative], tumazu [negative], 積めど [contrastive], つめど [contrastive], tumedo [contrastive], 積めば [causative], つめば [causative], tumeba [causative], 積まば [conditional], つまば [conditional], tumaba [conditional], 積みき [past], つみき [past], tumiki [past], 積みけり [past], つみけり [past], tumikeri [past], 積みつ [perfect], つみつ [perfect], tumitu [perfect], 積みぬ [perfect], つみぬ [perfect], tuminu [perfect], 積めり [continuative, perfect], 積みたり [continuative, perfect], つめり [continuative, perfect], つみたり [continuative, perfect], tumeri [continuative, perfect], tumitari [continuative, perfect], 積まむ [volitional], つまむ [volitional], tumamu [volitional]
  1. pile up

Inflected forms

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "積",
          "つ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積み",
      "roman": "tsumi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "積",
          "つ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積んだ",
      "roman": "tsunda",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "積",
          "つ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-mu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuma",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積み",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ませる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つませる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積める",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積もう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つもう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積んだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つんだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積んで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つんで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tuma",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積み",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumedo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumiki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumitu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tuminu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumamu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "つむ",
        "tr": "tr",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "積(つ)む • (tsumu) transitive godan (stem 積(つ)み (tsumi), past 積(つ)んだ (tsunda))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "つ",
        "2": "4-m"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -mu",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pile up"
      ],
      "id": "en-積む-ja-verb-ZRWOYMBb",
      "links": [
        [
          "pile up",
          "pile up"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "つむ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡sɨmɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "積む"
}
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "積",
          "つ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積み",
      "roman": "tsumi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "積",
          "つ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積んだ",
      "roman": "tsunda",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "積",
          "つ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-mu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuma",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積み",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ませる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つませる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積める",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積もう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つもう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積んだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つんだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsunda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積んで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つんで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsunde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsumeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積ま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つま",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tuma",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積み",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積む",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積め",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tume",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumedo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumeba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumiki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumitu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tuminu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積めり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積みたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つめり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つみたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumitari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "積まむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "つまむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tumamu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "つむ",
        "tr": "tr",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "積(つ)む • (tsumu) transitive godan (stem 積(つ)み (tsumi), past 積(つ)んだ (tsunda))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "つ",
        "2": "4-m"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese godan verbs",
        "Japanese godan verbs ending with -mu",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with manual fragments",
        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese transitive verbs",
        "Japanese verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pile up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pile up",
          "pile up"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "つむ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡sɨmɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "積む"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 積む meaning in Japanese (8.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "積む"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "積む",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "積む"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "積む",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "積む"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "積む",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "積む"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "積む",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "積む"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "積む",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "積む"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "積む",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "積む"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "積む",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.