See 研ぐ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"ruby": [
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎ",
"roman": "togi",
"ruby": [
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "研いだ",
"roman": "toida",
"ruby": [
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-gu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "研が",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とが",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "toga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "togi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研げ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とげ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "toge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研がれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "とがれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "togareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "研がせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "togaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "togasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "研げる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "とげる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "togeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "研ごう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "とごう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "togō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "研がない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "togazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "togimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "研いだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "といだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "toida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "研いで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "といで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "toide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "研げば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "とげば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "togeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "研が",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とが",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "toga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "togi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "とぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "研げ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とげ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "toge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "研げ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とげ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "toge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "togazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "研げど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "とげど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "togedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "研げば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とげば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "とがば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "togaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "togiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "togikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "togitu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "toginu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研げり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とげり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "togeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "togitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研がむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "とがむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "togamu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とぐ",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "研(と)ぐ • (togu) transitive godan (stem 研(と)ぎ (togi), past 研(と)いだ (toida))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "と",
"2": "4-g"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sharpen, whet an ax or knife"
],
"id": "en-研ぐ-ja-verb-dMY7sHGO",
"links": [
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
],
[
"whet",
"whet"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wash rice"
],
"id": "en-研ぐ-ja-verb-rv2Hb7F3",
"links": [
[
"wash",
"wash"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -gu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"polish, clean a surface"
],
"id": "en-研ぐ-ja-verb-xGrBV1YK",
"links": [
[
"polish",
"polish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とぐ"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ɡɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "研ぐ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -gu",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"ruby": [
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎ",
"roman": "togi",
"ruby": [
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "研いだ",
"roman": "toida",
"ruby": [
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-gu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "研が",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とが",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "toga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "togi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研げ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "とげ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "toge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "研がれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "とがれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "togareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "研がせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "togaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "togasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "研げる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "とげる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "togeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "研ごう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "とごう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "togō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "研がない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "togazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "togimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "研いだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "といだ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "toida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "研いで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "といで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "toide",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "研げば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "とげば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "togeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "研が",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とが",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "toga",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "togi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "とぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とぐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "togu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "研げ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とげ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "toge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "研げ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "とげ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "toge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "とがず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "togazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "研げど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "とげど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "togedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "研げば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "とげば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "研がば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "とがば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "togaba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "togiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "togikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "togitu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "toginu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研げり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研ぎたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とげり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "とぎたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "togeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "togitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "研がむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "とがむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "togamu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とぐ",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "研(と)ぐ • (togu) transitive godan (stem 研(と)ぎ (togi), past 研(と)いだ (toida))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "と",
"2": "4-g"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sharpen, whet an ax or knife"
],
"links": [
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
],
[
"whet",
"whet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wash rice"
],
"links": [
[
"wash",
"wash"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"polish, clean a surface"
],
"links": [
[
"polish",
"polish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とぐ"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ɡɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "研ぐ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 研ぐ meaning in Japanese (8.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"研ぐ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "研ぐ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"研ぐ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "研ぐ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"研ぐ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "研ぐ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"研ぐ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "研ぐ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"研ぐ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "研ぐ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"研ぐ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "研ぐ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"研ぐ"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "研ぐ",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.