See 畏まる in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "awful"
},
"expansion": "English awful",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from classical verb 畏む (kashikomu), itself apparently a back-formation from 畏み (kashikomi), from the kashiko stem of adjective 畏い (kashikoi, “dreadful, terrible, awesome”) + nominalizing suffix み (mi, indicating appearance or state).\nThe meaning of the adjective evolved from dreadful to awesome to worthy of respect; compare the shades in meaning in English awful and awesome. The meaning of the verb kashikomaru similarly shifted from to be impressed by something as dreadful to to be impressed by something as worthy of deep respect.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "畏まる intransitive godan",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まり",
"roman": "kashikomari",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まった",
"roman": "kashikomatta",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomatta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomatte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomareba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かしこまる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "畏(かしこ)まる • (kashikomaru) intransitive godan (stem 畏(かしこ)まり (kashikomari), past 畏(かしこ)まった (kashikomatta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 11 14 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"english": "Yes, sir/madam! (honorific response)",
"roman": "Hai, kashikomarimashita.",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"text": "はい、畏まりました。",
"translation": "Yes, sir/madam! (honorific response)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to understand, to acknowledge"
],
"id": "en-畏まる-ja-verb-9KO-ZGQk",
"links": [
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"understand",
"understand"
],
[
"acknowledge",
"acknowledge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(humble) to understand, to acknowledge"
],
"tags": [
"humble"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 11 14 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to obey respectfully, comply"
],
"id": "en-畏まる-ja-verb-G4awt1wO",
"links": [
[
"obey",
"obey"
],
[
"comply",
"comply"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 11 14 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sit upright"
],
"id": "en-畏まる-ja-verb-8P3T5Aei",
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 5 14 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 16 18 38",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "16 16 20 48",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "36 11 14 39",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 13 18 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 3 85",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "17 5 14 63",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "12 7 11 70",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "7 6 8 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 7 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be stiff or formal, to stand on ceremony"
],
"id": "en-畏まる-ja-verb-u1oBmwS6",
"links": [
[
"stand on ceremony",
"stand on ceremony"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かしこまる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɕiko̞ma̠ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "畏まる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms read with kun'yomi",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 畏 read as かしこ",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "awful"
},
"expansion": "English awful",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from classical verb 畏む (kashikomu), itself apparently a back-formation from 畏み (kashikomi), from the kashiko stem of adjective 畏い (kashikoi, “dreadful, terrible, awesome”) + nominalizing suffix み (mi, indicating appearance or state).\nThe meaning of the adjective evolved from dreadful to awesome to worthy of respect; compare the shades in meaning in English awful and awesome. The meaning of the verb kashikomaru similarly shifted from to be impressed by something as dreadful to to be impressed by something as worthy of deep respect.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "畏まる intransitive godan",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まり",
"roman": "kashikomari",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まった",
"roman": "kashikomatta",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomaranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomarimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomatta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomatte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "畏まれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かしこまれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kashikomareba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かしこまる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "畏(かしこ)まる • (kashikomaru) intransitive godan (stem 畏(かしこ)まり (kashikomari), past 畏(かしこ)まった (kashikomatta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese humble terms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
5,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"english": "Yes, sir/madam! (honorific response)",
"roman": "Hai, kashikomarimashita.",
"ruby": [
[
"畏",
"かしこ"
]
],
"text": "はい、畏まりました。",
"translation": "Yes, sir/madam! (honorific response)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to understand, to acknowledge"
],
"links": [
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"understand",
"understand"
],
[
"acknowledge",
"acknowledge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(humble) to understand, to acknowledge"
],
"tags": [
"humble"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to obey respectfully, comply"
],
"links": [
[
"obey",
"obey"
],
[
"comply",
"comply"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to sit upright"
],
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be stiff or formal, to stand on ceremony"
],
"links": [
[
"stand on ceremony",
"stand on ceremony"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かしこまる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɕiko̞ma̠ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "畏まる"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 畏まる meaning in Japanese (7.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"畏まる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "畏まる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"畏まる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "畏まる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"畏まる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "畏まる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"畏まる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "畏まる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"畏まる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "畏まる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"畏まる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "畏まる",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (606a11c and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.