See 牙 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 牙 meaning in Japanese (16.6kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 9 2 15 12 12 11 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tusk, fang"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-character-~WJJNqoB",
"links": [
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"fang",
"fang"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "き"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ki",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "き"
},
"expansion": "牙(き) • (ki)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 9 2 15 12 12 11 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kigamu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
],
[
"噛",
"が"
]
],
"word": "牙噛む: to gnash one's teeth"
},
{
"english": "the jawbone, the mandible, the lower jaw",
"roman": "kibone",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
],
[
"骨",
"ぼね"
]
],
"word": "牙骨"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "ferociously gnashing teeth",
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 9, poem 1809",
"roman": "kikamitakebite",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
],
[
"喫",
"かみ"
],
[
"建",
"たけ"
],
[
"怒",
"び"
],
[
"而",
"て"
]
],
"text": "; text here\n牙喫建怒而"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canine)"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-noun-VZJ4yj7D",
"links": [
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"canine",
"canine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canine)"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "ivory or boar tusk used to rub the surface of a print in order to bring out the gloss",
"roman": "kiba jōmen",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"面",
"めん"
]
],
"word": "牙上面"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "a kind of auger snail of family Terebridae",
"roman": "kiba takegai",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"筍",
"たけ"
],
[
"貝",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "牙筍貝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "fanged noro",
"roman": "kiba noro",
"word": "牙獐: the"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "a kind of roe deer of genus Capreolus"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "きば"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "牙",
"3": "歯",
"sort": "きば",
"t1": "fang, tusk",
"t2": "tooth",
"tr1": "ki",
"tr2": "ha"
},
"expansion": "牙 (ki, “fang, tusk”) + 歯 (ha, “tooth”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ba",
"sort": "きば"
},
"expansion": "The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of Old Japanese elements 牙 (ki, “fang, tusk”) + 歯 (ha, “tooth”). The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kiba",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きば"
},
"expansion": "牙(きば) • (kiba)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to bite one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o kamu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"噛",
"か"
]
],
"word": "牙を噛む: → to gnash one's teeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to sharpen one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o togu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"word": "牙を研ぐ: → to prepare to hurt one's opponent. Compare sharpen one's claws"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to clash one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o narasu",
"word": "牙を鳴らす: → to gnash one's teeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "to get angry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "to bare one's fang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to bare one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o muku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"剥",
"む"
]
],
"word": "牙を剥く:"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the one with fangs has no horns",
"roman": "kiba aru mono wa tsuno nashi",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"角",
"つの"
],
[
"無",
"な"
]
],
"word": "牙あるものは角無し: → a metaphor for how no one is endow with every advantage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "incisor tooth",
"roman": "monshi",
"ruby": [
[
"門",
"もん"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "門歯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "canine tooth",
"roman": "kenshi",
"ruby": [
[
"犬",
"けん"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "犬歯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shōkyūshi",
"ruby": [
[
"小",
"しょう"
],
[
"臼",
"きゅう"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "小臼歯: premolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "molar",
"roman": "kyūshi",
"ruby": [
[
"臼",
"きゅう"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "臼歯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "elephant tusk, ivory",
"roman": "zōge",
"ruby": [
[
"象",
"ぞう"
],
[
"牙",
"げ"
]
],
"word": "象牙"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 9 2 15 12 12 11 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canines)"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-noun-rGKFmlL~",
"links": [
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"canine",
"canine"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Falconry",
"orig": "ja:Falconry",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 9 2 15 12 12 11 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 1 7 14 13 36 13 5 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 6 18 11 30 17 4 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 2 11 12 14 24 10 7 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 6 18 12 30 16 4 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 5 20 11 32 18 4 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog (primarily used for counting hunting dogs)"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-noun-nGckYtIk",
"links": [
[
"falconry",
"falconry"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(falconry) dog (primarily used for counting hunting dogs)"
],
"topics": [
"falconry",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きば"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲiba̠]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "黴びる",
"3": "",
"4": "to go moldy",
"tr": "kabiru"
},
"expansion": "黴びる (kabiru, “to go moldy”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with, and probably the noun derivation of, verb 黴びる (kabiru, “to go moldy”), from the root idea of something sprouting. Used in the Kojiki.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"かび"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kabi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かび"
},
"expansion": "牙(かび) • (kabi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 9 2 15 12 12 11 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a reed sprout or bud",
"roman": "ashikabi",
"ruby": [
[
"葦",
"あし"
],
[
"牙",
"かび"
]
],
"word": "葦牙"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a plant sprout, a plant bud"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-noun-~fMneTVp",
"links": [
[
"sprout",
"sprout"
],
[
"bud",
"bud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) a plant sprout, a plant bud"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠bʲi]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan",
"roman": "ge no shaku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"笏",
"しゃく"
]
],
"word": "牙の笏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "teeth, tusks, or fangs",
"roman": "geshi",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "牙歯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the inner edge of a scroll around which the scroll is wound, or an edge of a folding book to which pages are bound, made of ivory",
"roman": "gejiku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"軸",
"じく"
]
],
"word": "牙軸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "a kind of cutout decorative carving technique for panel, wherein the corners are left intact to reinforce the structure of the panel",
"roman": "geshō",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"床",
"しょう"
],
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"象",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "牙床, 牙象"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "a carving made from a tusk or fang, more specifically made of elephant ivory",
"roman": "gebori",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"彫",
"ぼり"
]
],
"word": "牙彫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan",
"roman": "geshaku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"笏",
"しゃく"
]
],
"word": "牙笏"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "げ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牙"
},
"expansion": "牙 (MC ngae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae). Compare modern Min Nan reading gê.\nThe goon reading, so probably the reading as first imported into Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "げ"
},
"expansion": "牙(げ) • (ge)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 9 2 15 12 12 11 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal's fang or tusk"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-noun-4y8SJvBN",
"links": [
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an elephant's tusk: ivory"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-noun-VdHHhKpO",
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"ivory",
"ivory"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tooth"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-noun-BcX5llWZ",
"links": [
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡe̞]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the headquarters of a general in a field camp",
"roman": "gaei",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
]
],
"word": "牙営"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaon",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "牙音: a velar consonant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "lockjaw, a common symptom in the early stages of tetanus",
"roman": "gakan kinkyū",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"関",
"かん"
],
[
"緊",
"きん"
],
[
"急",
"きゅう"
]
],
"word": "牙関緊急"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaki",
"word": "牙旗: a flag raised at the site of an emperor's"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "general's field camp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction",
"roman": "gakō",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"行",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "牙行"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the city of Asan, a port in South Korea",
"roman": "Gazan",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"山",
"ざん"
]
],
"word": "牙山"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gashō",
"word": "牙商: a middleman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "go-between in a commercial transaction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gajō",
"word": "牙城: the keep"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "main residence within a castle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "a headquarters"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "a base"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "a stronghold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction",
"roman": "gajin",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "牙人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gasen",
"word": "牙銭: a fee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gakō",
"word": "commission charged by a 牙行"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "a water scavenger beetle of family Hydrophilidae",
"roman": "gamushi",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"虫",
"むし"
]
],
"word": "牙虫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "a small axe or hatchet made from boar tusk",
"roman": "gafu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"斧",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "牙斧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaho",
"word": "牙保: a middleman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen",
"roman": "gahozai",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"保",
"ほ"
],
[
"罪",
"ざい"
]
],
"word": "牙保罪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen",
"roman": "gahohan",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"保",
"ほ"
],
[
"犯",
"はん"
]
],
"word": "牙保犯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gamon",
"word": "牙門: a gate on which a general's flag is flying"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "an army's headquarters"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gachū",
"word": "牙籌: an abacus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "more specifically"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "an ivory abacus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "牙籤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gasen",
"word": "牙籖: a small placard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "label made of ivory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "a small claw-shaped ivory clasp for holding a book closed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gatō",
"word": "牙纛: the flag of a general's army"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "the pole of which was traditionally decorated with ivory on the end"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction",
"roman": "gakai",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"儈",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "牙儈"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "が"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牙"
},
"expansion": "牙 (MC ngae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae). Compare modern Cantonese reading ngaa⁴.\nThe kan'on reading, so probably a later importation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ga",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "が"
},
"expansion": "牙(が) • (ga)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 9 2 15 12 12 11 11 10 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal's fang or tusk"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-affix-4y8SJvBN",
"links": [
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an elephant's tusk: ivory"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-affix-VdHHhKpO",
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"ivory",
"ivory"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tooth"
],
"id": "en-牙-ja-affix-BcX5llWZ",
"links": [
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading げ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading が",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かび",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading き",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading きば",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading は",
"Japanese kanji with kun readings missing okurigana designation",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 牙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tusk, fang"
],
"links": [
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"fang",
"fang"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 牙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kigamu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
],
[
"噛",
"が"
]
],
"word": "牙噛む: to gnash one's teeth"
},
{
"english": "the jawbone, the mandible, the lower jaw",
"roman": "kibone",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
],
[
"骨",
"ぼね"
]
],
"word": "牙骨"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "き"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ki",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "き"
},
"expansion": "牙(き) • (ki)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "ferociously gnashing teeth",
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 9, poem 1809",
"roman": "kikamitakebite",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"き"
],
[
"喫",
"かみ"
],
[
"建",
"たけ"
],
[
"怒",
"び"
],
[
"而",
"て"
]
],
"text": "; text here\n牙喫建怒而"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canine)"
],
"links": [
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"canine",
"canine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canine)"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 牙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "ivory or boar tusk used to rub the surface of a print in order to bring out the gloss",
"roman": "kiba jōmen",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"面",
"めん"
]
],
"word": "牙上面"
},
{
"english": "a kind of auger snail of family Terebridae",
"roman": "kiba takegai",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"筍",
"たけ"
],
[
"貝",
"がい"
]
],
"word": "牙筍貝"
},
{
"english": "fanged noro",
"roman": "kiba noro",
"word": "牙獐: the"
},
{
"word": "a kind of roe deer of genus Capreolus"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "きば"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "牙",
"3": "歯",
"sort": "きば",
"t1": "fang, tusk",
"t2": "tooth",
"tr1": "ki",
"tr2": "ha"
},
"expansion": "牙 (ki, “fang, tusk”) + 歯 (ha, “tooth”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ba",
"sort": "きば"
},
"expansion": "The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of Old Japanese elements 牙 (ki, “fang, tusk”) + 歯 (ha, “tooth”). The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kiba",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きば"
},
"expansion": "牙(きば) • (kiba)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to bite one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o kamu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"噛",
"か"
]
],
"word": "牙を噛む: → to gnash one's teeth"
},
{
"english": "to sharpen one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o togu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"研",
"と"
]
],
"word": "牙を研ぐ: → to prepare to hurt one's opponent. Compare sharpen one's claws"
},
{
"english": "to clash one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o narasu",
"word": "牙を鳴らす: → to gnash one's teeth"
},
{
"word": "to get angry"
},
{
"word": "to bare one's fang"
},
{
"english": "to bare one's fangs",
"roman": "kiba o muku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"剥",
"む"
]
],
"word": "牙を剥く:"
},
{
"english": "the one with fangs has no horns",
"roman": "kiba aru mono wa tsuno nashi",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"きば"
],
[
"角",
"つの"
],
[
"無",
"な"
]
],
"word": "牙あるものは角無し: → a metaphor for how no one is endow with every advantage"
},
{
"english": "incisor tooth",
"roman": "monshi",
"ruby": [
[
"門",
"もん"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "門歯"
},
{
"english": "canine tooth",
"roman": "kenshi",
"ruby": [
[
"犬",
"けん"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "犬歯"
},
{
"roman": "shōkyūshi",
"ruby": [
[
"小",
"しょう"
],
[
"臼",
"きゅう"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "小臼歯: premolar"
},
{
"english": "molar",
"roman": "kyūshi",
"ruby": [
[
"臼",
"きゅう"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "臼歯"
},
{
"english": "elephant tusk, ivory",
"roman": "zōge",
"ruby": [
[
"象",
"ぞう"
],
[
"牙",
"げ"
]
],
"word": "象牙"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canines)"
],
"links": [
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"canine",
"canine"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Falconry"
],
"glosses": [
"dog (primarily used for counting hunting dogs)"
],
"links": [
[
"falconry",
"falconry"
],
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(falconry) dog (primarily used for counting hunting dogs)"
],
"topics": [
"falconry",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きば"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲiba̠]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 牙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a reed sprout or bud",
"roman": "ashikabi",
"ruby": [
[
"葦",
"あし"
],
[
"牙",
"かび"
]
],
"word": "葦牙"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "黴びる",
"3": "",
"4": "to go moldy",
"tr": "kabiru"
},
"expansion": "黴びる (kabiru, “to go moldy”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with, and probably the noun derivation of, verb 黴びる (kabiru, “to go moldy”), from the root idea of something sprouting. Used in the Kojiki.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"かび"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kabi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かび"
},
"expansion": "牙(かび) • (kabi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"a plant sprout, a plant bud"
],
"links": [
[
"sprout",
"sprout"
],
[
"bud",
"bud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) a plant sprout, a plant bud"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠bʲi]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 牙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"歯"
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 牙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan",
"roman": "ge no shaku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"笏",
"しゃく"
]
],
"word": "牙の笏"
},
{
"english": "teeth, tusks, or fangs",
"roman": "geshi",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"歯",
"し"
]
],
"word": "牙歯"
},
{
"english": "the inner edge of a scroll around which the scroll is wound, or an edge of a folding book to which pages are bound, made of ivory",
"roman": "gejiku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"軸",
"じく"
]
],
"word": "牙軸"
},
{
"english": "a kind of cutout decorative carving technique for panel, wherein the corners are left intact to reinforce the structure of the panel",
"roman": "geshō",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"床",
"しょう"
],
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"象",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "牙床, 牙象"
},
{
"english": "a carving made from a tusk or fang, more specifically made of elephant ivory",
"roman": "gebori",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"彫",
"ぼり"
]
],
"word": "牙彫"
},
{
"english": "an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan",
"roman": "geshaku",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
],
[
"笏",
"しゃく"
]
],
"word": "牙笏"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "げ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牙"
},
"expansion": "牙 (MC ngae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae). Compare modern Min Nan reading gê.\nThe goon reading, so probably the reading as first imported into Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "げ"
},
"expansion": "牙(げ) • (ge)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an animal's fang or tusk"
],
"links": [
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an elephant's tusk: ivory"
],
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"ivory",
"ivory"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tooth"
],
"links": [
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡe̞]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 牙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "the headquarters of a general in a field camp",
"roman": "gaei",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"営",
"えい"
]
],
"word": "牙営"
},
{
"roman": "gaon",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "牙音: a velar consonant"
},
{
"english": "lockjaw, a common symptom in the early stages of tetanus",
"roman": "gakan kinkyū",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"関",
"かん"
],
[
"緊",
"きん"
],
[
"急",
"きゅう"
]
],
"word": "牙関緊急"
},
{
"roman": "gaki",
"word": "牙旗: a flag raised at the site of an emperor's"
},
{
"word": "general's field camp"
},
{
"english": "in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction",
"roman": "gakō",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"行",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "牙行"
},
{
"english": "the city of Asan, a port in South Korea",
"roman": "Gazan",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"山",
"ざん"
]
],
"word": "牙山"
},
{
"roman": "gashō",
"word": "牙商: a middleman"
},
{
"word": "go-between in a commercial transaction"
},
{
"roman": "gajō",
"word": "牙城: the keep"
},
{
"word": "main residence within a castle"
},
{
"word": "a headquarters"
},
{
"word": "a base"
},
{
"word": "a stronghold"
},
{
"english": "in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction",
"roman": "gajin",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "牙人"
},
{
"roman": "gasen",
"word": "牙銭: a fee"
},
{
"roman": "gakō",
"word": "commission charged by a 牙行"
},
{
"english": "a water scavenger beetle of family Hydrophilidae",
"roman": "gamushi",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"虫",
"むし"
]
],
"word": "牙虫"
},
{
"english": "a small axe or hatchet made from boar tusk",
"roman": "gafu",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"斧",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "牙斧"
},
{
"roman": "gaho",
"word": "牙保: a middleman"
},
{
"english": "the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen",
"roman": "gahozai",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"保",
"ほ"
],
[
"罪",
"ざい"
]
],
"word": "牙保罪"
},
{
"english": "the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen",
"roman": "gahohan",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"保",
"ほ"
],
[
"犯",
"はん"
]
],
"word": "牙保犯"
},
{
"roman": "gamon",
"word": "牙門: a gate on which a general's flag is flying"
},
{
"word": "an army's headquarters"
},
{
"roman": "gachū",
"word": "牙籌: an abacus"
},
{
"word": "more specifically"
},
{
"word": "an ivory abacus"
},
{
"word": "牙籤"
},
{
"roman": "gasen",
"word": "牙籖: a small placard"
},
{
"word": "label made of ivory"
},
{
"word": "a small claw-shaped ivory clasp for holding a book closed"
},
{
"roman": "gatō",
"word": "牙纛: the flag of a general's army"
},
{
"word": "the pole of which was traditionally decorated with ivory on the end"
},
{
"english": "in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction",
"roman": "gakai",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
],
[
"儈",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "牙儈"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "が"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牙"
},
"expansion": "牙 (MC ngae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae). Compare modern Cantonese reading ngaa⁴.\nThe kan'on reading, so probably a later importation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牙",
"ruby": [
[
"牙",
"が"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ga",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "が"
},
"expansion": "牙(が) • (ga)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an animal's fang or tusk"
],
"links": [
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"fang",
"fang"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an elephant's tusk: ivory"
],
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk"
],
[
"ivory",
"ivory"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tooth"
],
"links": [
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠]"
}
],
"word": "牙"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"牙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "牙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"牙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "牙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"牙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "牙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"牙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "牙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"牙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "affix",
"title": "牙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "牙/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"categories\": [\"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)\", \"Japanese affixes\", \"Japanese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Japanese lemmas\", \"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Japanese single-kanji terms\", \"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese\", \"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji\", \"Japanese terms spelled with 牙\", \"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Japanese terms with multiple readings\", \"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys\", \"Japanese terms written with one Han script character\", \"Pages with raw sortkeys\"], \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"歯\"], \"word\": \"牙\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "牙",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.