"灯る" meaning in Japanese

See 灯る in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [to̞mo̞ɾɯ̟], [to̞bo̞ɾɯ̟]
Etymology templates: {{ja-vp|灯す|灯る}} Head templates: {{ja-verb|ともる|とぼる|type=1}} 灯(とも)る or 灯(とぼ)る • (tomoru or toboru) godan (stem 灯(とも)り (tomori), past 灯(とも)った (tomotta)) Forms: 灯る [canonical] (ruby: (とも)), 灯る [canonical] (ruby: (とぼ)), tomoru [romanization], toboru [romanization], 灯り [stem] (ruby: (とも)), 灯った [past] (ruby: (とも)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 灯ら [error-unrecognized-form], ともら [error-unrecognized-form], tomora [error-unrecognized-form], 灯り [error-unrecognized-form], ともり [error-unrecognized-form], tomori [error-unrecognized-form], 灯る [error-unrecognized-form], ともる [error-unrecognized-form], tomoru [error-unrecognized-form], 灯れ [error-unrecognized-form], ともれ [error-unrecognized-form], tomore [error-unrecognized-form], 灯られる [passive], ともられる [passive], tomorareru [passive], 灯らせる [causative], 灯らす [causative], ともらせる [causative], ともらす [causative], tomoraseru [causative], tomorasu [causative], 灯れる [potential], ともれる [potential], tomoreru [potential], 灯ろう [volitional], ともろう [volitional], tomorō [volitional], 灯らない [negative], ともらない [negative], tomoranai [negative], 灯らず [continuative, negative], ともらず [continuative, negative], tomorazu [continuative, negative], 灯ります [formal], ともります [formal], tomorimasu [formal], 灯った [perfective], ともった [perfective], tomotta [perfective], 灯って [conjunctive], ともって [conjunctive], tomotte [conjunctive], 灯れば [conditional, hypothetical], ともれば [conditional, hypothetical], tomoreba [conditional, hypothetical], no-table-tags [table-tags], 灯ら [error-unrecognized-form], とぼら [error-unrecognized-form], tobora [error-unrecognized-form], 灯り [error-unrecognized-form], とぼり [error-unrecognized-form], tobori [error-unrecognized-form], 灯る [error-unrecognized-form], とぼる [error-unrecognized-form], toboru [error-unrecognized-form], 灯れ [error-unrecognized-form], とぼれ [error-unrecognized-form], tobore [error-unrecognized-form], 灯られる [passive], とぼられる [passive], toborareru [passive], 灯らせる [causative], 灯らす [causative], とぼらせる [causative], とぼらす [causative], toboraseru [causative], toborasu [causative], 灯れる [potential], とぼれる [potential], toboreru [potential], 灯ろう [volitional], とぼろう [volitional], toborō [volitional], 灯らない [negative], とぼらない [negative], toboranai [negative], 灯らず [continuative, negative], とぼらず [continuative, negative], toborazu [continuative, negative], 灯ります [formal], とぼります [formal], toborimasu [formal], 灯った [perfective], とぼった [perfective], tobotta [perfective], 灯って [conjunctive], とぼって [conjunctive], tobotte [conjunctive], 灯れば [conditional, hypothetical], とぼれば [conditional, hypothetical], toboreba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. (of a candle, fire, light bulb, etc.) to burn; to be lit Tags: usually Related terms: 灯す (tomosu) (ruby: (とも)) (english: to light)
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "灯す",
        "2": "灯る"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ja-vp"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とぼ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯り",
      "roman": "tomori",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯った",
      "roman": "tomotta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoreru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomotta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomotte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoreba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboreru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobotta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobotte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboreba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ともる",
        "2": "とぼる",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "灯(とも)る or 灯(とぼ)る • (tomoru or toboru) godan (stem 灯(とも)り (tomori), past 灯(とも)った (tomotta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to burn; to be lit"
      ],
      "id": "en-灯る-ja-verb-I426Odo5",
      "links": [
        [
          "burn",
          "burn"
        ],
        [
          "lit",
          "lit"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "fire; light bulb; fire; light bulb",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a candle, fire, light bulb, etc.) to burn; to be lit"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a candle"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "to light",
          "roman": "tomosu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "灯",
              "とも"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "灯す"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞mo̞ɾɯ̟]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞bo̞ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "灯る"
}
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "灯す",
        "2": "灯る"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "ja-vp"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とぼ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯り",
      "roman": "tomori",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯った",
      "roman": "tomotta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とも"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoreru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomorimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomotta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomotte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ともれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tomoreba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-ru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobora",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯り",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯る",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯られる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboreru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯らず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯ります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼります",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toborimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobotta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobotte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灯れば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "とぼれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toboreba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ともる",
        "2": "とぼる",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "灯(とも)る or 灯(とぼ)る • (tomoru or toboru) godan (stem 灯(とも)り (tomori), past 灯(とも)った (tomotta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to light",
      "roman": "tomosu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "灯",
          "とも"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "灯す"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese godan verbs",
        "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with manual fragments",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
        "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese verbs",
        "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to burn; to be lit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "burn",
          "burn"
        ],
        [
          "lit",
          "lit"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "fire; light bulb; fire; light bulb",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a candle, fire, light bulb, etc.) to burn; to be lit"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a candle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞mo̞ɾɯ̟]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[to̞bo̞ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "灯る"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 灯る meaning in Japanese (9.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "灯る"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "灯る",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.