See 涙 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 涙 meaning in Japanese (17.4kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
},
{
"form": "淚",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 2 8 37 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 2 5 34 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 2 6 32 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 5 16 19 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 3 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 2 6 37 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 26 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "ja:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tears"
],
"id": "en-涙-ja-character-Um~3nJDx",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*namita",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *namita",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那瀰多"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那美多"
},
"expansion": "那美多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奈美太"
},
"expansion": "奈美太",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namida",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namida",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "น้ำตา",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "water + eye"
},
"expansion": "Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "눈물",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "eye + water"
},
"expansion": "Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *namita.\nAttested in the Nihon Shoki with the man'yōgana spelling 那瀰多 (namita). The Kojiki and Man'yōshū have 那美多 (namita), and the Man'yōshū also has later instances where the 多 (ta) was replaced with 太 (da), forming 奈美太 (namida), indicating a phonetic change over time from namita to namida.\nUltimate derivation unknown. There are interesting phonetic and semantic similarities with Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”), overlapping semantically with Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”), perhaps pointing to an ancient prehistoric borrowing. However, such similarities may also be purely accidental.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "namida",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "涙(なみだ) • (namida)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 26 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "ja:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tear, teardrop"
],
"id": "en-涙-ja-noun-Ygx-FLKn",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"teardrop",
"teardrop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なみだ"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠mʲida̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Shoki",
"man'yōgana"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*namita",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *namita",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那瀰多"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那美多"
},
"expansion": "那美多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奈美太"
},
"expansion": "奈美太",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namida",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namida",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "น้ำตา",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "water + eye"
},
"expansion": "Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "눈물",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "eye + water"
},
"expansion": "Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *namita.\nAttested in the Nihon Shoki with the man'yōgana spelling 那瀰多 (namita). The Kojiki and Man'yōshū have 那美多 (namita), and the Man'yōshū also has later instances where the 多 (ta) was replaced with 太 (da), forming 奈美太 (namida), indicating a phonetic change over time from namita to namida.\nUltimate derivation unknown. There are interesting phonetic and semantic similarities with Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”), overlapping semantically with Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”), perhaps pointing to an ancient prehistoric borrowing. However, such similarities may also be purely accidental.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙する",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "namida suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "涙し",
"roman": "namida shi",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "涙した",
"roman": "namida shita",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "涙し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "涙する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "namida suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "涙すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "涙せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "涙しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "涙させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみださせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみださす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "namida dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "涙しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "涙しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "涙した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "涙して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "涙すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cry, to weep"
],
"id": "en-涙-ja-verb-GUEKq-dl",
"links": [
[
"cry",
"cry"
],
[
"weep",
"weep"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なみだ"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠mʲida̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Shoki",
"man'yōgana"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "/namida/ → /nanda/\nAlteration of namida above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なんだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "nanda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "namuda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "なむだ",
"roman": "namuda",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なんだ",
"hhira": "なむだ"
},
"expansion": "涙(なんだ) • (nanda) ^(←なむだ (namuda)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 26 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "ja:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tear, teardrop"
],
"id": "en-涙-ja-noun-Ygx-FLKn1",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"teardrop",
"teardrop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なんだ"
},
{
"ipa": "[nã̠nda̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Alteration of namida or nanda above. Used during the Edo period in the rough informal speech used by the staff and servants of samurai households, and others of lower social rank.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "nada",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なだ"
},
"expansion": "涙(なだ) • (nada)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 2 8 37 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 26 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "ja:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tear, teardrop"
],
"id": "en-涙-ja-noun-Ygx-FLKn1",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"teardrop",
"teardrop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) tear, teardrop"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to cry",
"roman": "naku",
"ruby": [
[
"泣",
"な"
]
],
"word": "泣く:"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠da̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Edo period",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese kanji with ancient goon reading るゐ",
"Japanese kanji with ancient kan'on reading るゐ",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading るい",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading るい",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading るい",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading るい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading なみだ",
"Japanese kanji with on reading らい",
"Japanese kanji with tōon reading れい",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 涙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Bodily fluids"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
},
{
"form": "淚",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tears"
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 涙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Bodily fluids"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*namita",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *namita",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那瀰多"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那美多"
},
"expansion": "那美多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奈美太"
},
"expansion": "奈美太",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namida",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namida",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "น้ำตา",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "water + eye"
},
"expansion": "Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "눈물",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "eye + water"
},
"expansion": "Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *namita.\nAttested in the Nihon Shoki with the man'yōgana spelling 那瀰多 (namita). The Kojiki and Man'yōshū have 那美多 (namita), and the Man'yōshū also has later instances where the 多 (ta) was replaced with 太 (da), forming 奈美太 (namida), indicating a phonetic change over time from namita to namida.\nUltimate derivation unknown. There are interesting phonetic and semantic similarities with Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”), overlapping semantically with Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”), perhaps pointing to an ancient prehistoric borrowing. However, such similarities may also be purely accidental.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "namida",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "涙(なみだ) • (namida)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tear, teardrop"
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"teardrop",
"teardrop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なみだ"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠mʲida̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Shoki",
"man'yōgana"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 涙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Bodily fluids"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*namita",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *namita",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那瀰多"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那瀰多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那瀰多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "那美多"
},
"expansion": "那美多",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namita",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namita",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "那美多",
"3": "namita"
},
"expansion": "那美多 (namita)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "多"
},
"expansion": "多",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "太"
},
"expansion": "太",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "奈美太"
},
"expansion": "奈美太",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "namida",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "namida",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "奈美太",
"3": "namida"
},
"expansion": "奈美太 (namida)",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "なみだ"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "น้ำตา",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "water + eye"
},
"expansion": "Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "눈물",
"3": "",
"4": "tear",
"lit": "eye + water"
},
"expansion": "Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *namita.\nAttested in the Nihon Shoki with the man'yōgana spelling 那瀰多 (namita). The Kojiki and Man'yōshū have 那美多 (namita), and the Man'yōshū also has later instances where the 多 (ta) was replaced with 太 (da), forming 奈美太 (namida), indicating a phonetic change over time from namita to namida.\nUltimate derivation unknown. There are interesting phonetic and semantic similarities with Thai น้ำตา (nám-dtaa, “tear”, literally “water + eye”), overlapping semantically with Korean 눈물 (nunmul, “tear”, literally “eye + water”), perhaps pointing to an ancient prehistoric borrowing. However, such similarities may also be purely accidental.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙する",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "namida suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "涙し",
"roman": "namida shi",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "涙した",
"roman": "namida shita",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なみだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "涙し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "涙する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "namida suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "涙すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "涙せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "涙しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "涙させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみださせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみださす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "namida dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "涙しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "涙しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "涙します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "涙した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "涙して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "namida shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "涙すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "なみだすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "namida sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to cry, to weep"
],
"links": [
[
"cry",
"cry"
],
[
"weep",
"weep"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なみだ"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠mʲida̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Nihon Shoki",
"man'yōgana"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 涙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Bodily fluids"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "/namida/ → /nanda/\nAlteration of namida above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なんだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "nanda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "namuda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "なむだ",
"roman": "namuda",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なんだ",
"hhira": "なむだ"
},
"expansion": "涙(なんだ) • (nanda) ^(←なむだ (namuda)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tear, teardrop"
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"teardrop",
"teardrop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なんだ"
},
{
"ipa": "[nã̠nda̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 涙",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Bodily fluids"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Alteration of namida or nanda above. Used during the Edo period in the rough informal speech used by the staff and servants of samurai households, and others of lower social rank.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "涙",
"ruby": [
[
"涙",
"なだ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "nada",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "なだ"
},
"expansion": "涙(なだ) • (nada)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to cry",
"roman": "naku",
"ruby": [
[
"泣",
"な"
]
],
"word": "泣く:"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"tear, teardrop"
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"teardrop",
"teardrop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete) tear, teardrop"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[na̠da̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Edo period",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "涙"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "涙",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"涙"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "涙",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.