See 擬人化 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": "擬人",
"3": "化",
"tr1": "gijin",
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"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "擬人 (gijin) + 化 (-ka)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "擬人化",
"ruby": [
[
"擬",
"ぎ"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"化",
"か"
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "gijinka",
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"args": {
"1": "ぎじんか"
},
"expansion": "擬(ぎ)人(じん)化(か) • (gijinka)",
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}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 39 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "16 38 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"glosses": [
"anthropomorphization, personification: transformation of a non-humanoid being into a humanoid, or depiction as such"
],
"id": "en-擬人化-ja-noun-HBjwPQkV",
"links": [
[
"anthropomorphization",
"anthropomorphization"
],
[
"personification",
"personification"
],
[
"transformation",
"transformation"
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[
"non",
"non"
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[
"humanoid",
"humanoid"
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[
"being",
"being"
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[
"depiction",
"depiction"
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 65 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 69 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 62 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 化",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 39 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "22 69 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 38 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 71 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "22 72 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the humanoid such produced"
],
"id": "en-擬人化-ja-noun-H8K-QBPv",
"links": [
[
"humanoid",
"humanoid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲiʑĩŋka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:擬人化"
],
"word": "擬人化"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
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"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "擬人化",
"bor": "1"
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"expansion": "→ Chinese: 擬人化 /拟人化 (nǐrénhuà)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 擬人化 /拟人化 (nǐrénhuà)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "gijinka",
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}
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"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "擬人",
"3": "化",
"tr1": "gijin",
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"name": "suf"
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],
"etymology_text": "擬人 (gijin) + 化 (-ka)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "擬人化する",
"ruby": [
[
"擬",
"ぎ"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"化",
"か"
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},
{
"form": "gijinka suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
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},
{
"form": "擬人化し",
"roman": "gijinka shi",
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[
"擬",
"ぎ"
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[
"人",
"じん"
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{
"form": "擬人化した",
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[
"人",
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[
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
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"table-tags"
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{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
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"inflection-template"
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},
{
"form": "擬人化し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 39 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 38 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to anthropomorphize"
],
"id": "en-擬人化-ja-verb-Z-Rt5gyZ",
"links": [
[
"anthropomorphize",
"anthropomorphize"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲiʑĩŋka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:擬人化"
],
"word": "擬人化"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms suffixed with 化",
"Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 3 entries",
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"2": "擬人",
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"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "擬人 (gijin) + 化 (-ka)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "擬人化",
"ruby": [
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"擬",
"ぎ"
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[
"人",
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[
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"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
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],
"links": [
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"anthropomorphization",
"anthropomorphization"
],
[
"personification",
"personification"
],
[
"transformation",
"transformation"
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[
"non",
"non"
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[
"humanoid",
"humanoid"
],
[
"being",
"being"
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[
"depiction",
"depiction"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the humanoid such produced"
],
"links": [
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"humanoid",
"humanoid"
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "[ɡʲiʑĩŋka̠]"
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"word": "擬人化"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
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"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms suffixed with 化",
"Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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"descendants": [
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"args": {
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"2": "擬人化",
"bor": "1"
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"expansion": "→ Chinese: 擬人化 /拟人化 (nǐrénhuà)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 擬人化 /拟人化 (nǐrénhuà)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gijinka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: gijinka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: gijinka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"1": "ja",
"2": "擬人",
"3": "化",
"tr1": "gijin",
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"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "擬人 (gijin) + 化 (-ka)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "擬人化する",
"ruby": [
[
"擬",
"ぎ"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化し",
"roman": "gijinka shi",
"ruby": [
[
"擬",
"ぎ"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化した",
"roman": "gijinka shita",
"ruby": [
[
"擬",
"ぎ"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "擬人化すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎじんかすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "gijinka sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to anthropomorphize"
],
"links": [
[
"anthropomorphize",
"anthropomorphize"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲiʑĩŋka̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:擬人化"
],
"word": "擬人化"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 擬人化 meaning in Japanese (7.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"擬人化"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "擬人化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"擬人化"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "擬人化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"擬人化"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "擬人化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"擬人化"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "擬人化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"擬人化"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "擬人化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"擬人化"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "擬人化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"擬人化"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "擬人化",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.