See 撫でる in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"3": "-"
},
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"name": "inh"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese verb 撫づ (nadu → nazu).\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "撫でる",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "naderu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "撫で",
"roman": "nade",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でた",
"roman": "nadeta",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
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],
"tags": [
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"form": "ja-ichi",
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},
{
"form": "撫で",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
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},
{
"form": "なで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なでる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naderu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なでれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nadere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "なでろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "nadero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "なでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "naderareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なでれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "naderareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "nadereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なでよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nadeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "naden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "なでます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "nademasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "なでた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "nadeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "なでて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "nadete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "なでれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "nadereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"expansion": "撫(な)でる • (naderu) transitive ichidan (stem 撫(な)で (nade), past 撫(な)でた (nadeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
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"source": "w"
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{
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{
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],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "nadenade",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"word": "撫で撫で"
},
{
"roman": "nadeorosu",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"下",
"お"
]
],
"word": "撫で下ろす"
},
{
"english": "plant of genus Dianthus",
"roman": "nadeshiko",
"ruby": [
[
"撫子",
"ナデシコ"
]
],
"word": "撫子"
},
{
"roman": "nademawasu",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"word": "撫で回す"
},
{
"roman": "nademono",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"物",
"もの"
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},
{
"english": "to play (with a musical instrument)",
"roman": "kanaderu",
"ruby": [
[
"奏",
"かな"
]
],
"word": "奏でる"
},
{
"roman": "kakinaderu",
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[
"掻",
"か"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"word": "掻き撫でる"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stroke, caress"
],
"id": "en-撫でる-ja-verb-ciR8D~Xp",
"links": [
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
],
[
"caress",
"caress"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "ago o naderu",
"ruby": [
[
"顎",
"あご"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"word": "顎を撫でる"
},
{
"roman": "hige o naderu",
"ruby": [
[
"髭",
"ひげ"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"word": "髭を撫でる"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なでる"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠de̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "撫でる"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "nadenade",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
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],
"word": "撫で撫で"
},
{
"roman": "nadeorosu",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
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"お"
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],
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},
{
"english": "plant of genus Dianthus",
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"撫子",
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],
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},
{
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[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
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],
"word": "撫で回す"
},
{
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"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"物",
"もの"
]
],
"word": "撫で物"
},
{
"english": "to play (with a musical instrument)",
"roman": "kanaderu",
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[
"奏",
"かな"
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],
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},
{
"roman": "kakinaderu",
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[
"掻",
"か"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
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}
],
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"3": "-"
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"name": "inh"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese verb 撫づ (nadu → nazu).\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.",
"forms": [
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"な"
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},
{
"form": "naderu",
"tags": [
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},
{
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"roman": "nade",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
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],
"tags": [
"stem"
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},
{
"form": "撫でた",
"roman": "nadeta",
"ruby": [
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
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},
{
"form": "撫で",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なで",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なでる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "naderu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "なでれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "nadere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "なでろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadeyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "nadero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "なでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "naderareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なでられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "なでれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "naderareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "nadereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "なでよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "nadeyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "naden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "なでず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "nadezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "なでます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "nademasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "なでた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "nadeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "なでて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "nadete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "撫でれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "なでれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "nadereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"tr": "trans",
"type": "2"
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"expansion": "撫(な)でる • (naderu) transitive ichidan (stem 撫(な)で (nade), past 撫(な)でた (nadeta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "ago o naderu",
"ruby": [
[
"顎",
"あご"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"word": "顎を撫でる"
},
{
"roman": "hige o naderu",
"ruby": [
[
"髭",
"ひげ"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
]
],
"word": "髭を撫でる"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese ichidan verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese shimo ichidan verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:R:ja:Martin 1987",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to stroke, caress"
],
"links": [
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
],
[
"caress",
"caress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "なでる"
},
{
"ipa": "[na̠de̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "撫でる"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 撫でる meaning in Japanese (7.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"撫でる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"撫でる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"撫でる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"撫でる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"撫でる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"撫でる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"撫でる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"撫でる",
"Template:R:ja:Martin 1987",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"撫でる",
"Template:R:ja:Martin 1987",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"撫でる",
"Template:R:ja:Martin 1987",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"撫でる",
"Template:R:ja:Martin 1987",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "撫でる",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.