"形成" meaning in Japanese

See 形成 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: 形成 [canonical] (ruby: (けい), (せい)), keisei [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|けいせい}} 形(けい)成(せい) • (keisei)
  1. formation
    Sense id: en-形成-ja-noun-PrlcvvJm
  2. Short for 形成手術. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 形成手術
    Sense id: en-形成-ja-noun-Em9~6Ifs

Verb

Forms: 形成する [canonical] (ruby: (けい), (せい)), keisei suru [romanization], 形成し [stem] (ruby: (けい), (せい)), 形成した [past] (ruby: (けい), (せい)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 形成し [error-unrecognized-form], けいせいし [error-unrecognized-form], keisei shi [error-unrecognized-form], 形成する [error-unrecognized-form], けいせいする [error-unrecognized-form], keisei suru [error-unrecognized-form], 形成すれ [error-unrecognized-form], けいせいすれ [error-unrecognized-form], keisei sure [error-unrecognized-form], 形成せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 形成しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], けいせいせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], けいせいしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], keisei seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], keisei shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 形成される [passive], けいせいされる [passive], keisei sareru [passive], 形成させる [causative], 形成さす [causative], けいせいさせる [causative], けいせいさす [causative], keisei saseru [causative], keisei sasu [causative], 形成できる [potential], けいせいできる [potential], keisei dekiru [potential], 形成しよう [volitional], けいせいしよう [volitional], keisei shiyō [volitional], 形成しない [negative], けいせいしない [negative], keisei shinai [negative], 形成せず [continuative, negative], けいせいせず [continuative, negative], keisei sezu [continuative, negative], 形成します [formal], けいせいします [formal], keisei shimasu [formal], 形成した [perfective], けいせいした [perfective], keisei shita [perfective], 形成して [conjunctive], けいせいして [conjunctive], keisei shite [conjunctive], 形成すれば [conditional, hypothetical], けいせいすれば [conditional, hypothetical], keisei sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. form, take form
    Sense id: en-形成-ja-verb-EKJMzlCO Categories (other): Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 26 3 2 29 40 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 2 1 30 41 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 8 38 54 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 8 37 54 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 10 27 63 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 8 37 54 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 24 7 69
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "形成",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "けいせい"
      },
      "expansion": "形(けい)成(せい) • (keisei)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "formation"
      ],
      "id": "en-形成-ja-noun-PrlcvvJm",
      "links": [
        [
          "formation",
          "formation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "形成手術"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 形成手術."
      ],
      "id": "en-形成-ja-noun-Em9~6Ifs",
      "links": [
        [
          "形成手術",
          "形成手術#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形成"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "形成する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成し",
      "roman": "keisei shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成した",
      "roman": "keisei shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 3 2 29 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 2 1 30 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 38 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 37 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 27 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 37 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 7 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form, take form"
      ],
      "id": "en-形成-ja-verb-EKJMzlCO",
      "links": [
        [
          "form",
          "form"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形成"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "形成",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "けいせい"
      },
      "expansion": "形(けい)成(せい) • (keisei)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "formation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "formation",
          "formation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "形成手術"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 形成手術."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "形成手術",
          "形成手術#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形成"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "形成する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成し",
      "roman": "keisei shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成した",
      "roman": "keisei shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "形",
          "けい"
        ],
        [
          "成",
          "せい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "形成すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けいせいすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keisei sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "form, take form"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "form",
          "form"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "形成"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 形成 meaning in Japanese (6.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "形成"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "形成",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "形成"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "形成",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "形成"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "形成",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "形成"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "形成",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "形成"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "形成",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "形成"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "形成",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "形成"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "形成",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.