See 寒い in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 寒い meaning in Japanese (8.3kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "atsui",
"ruby": [
[
"暑",
"あつ"
]
],
"word": "暑い: hot"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "atsui",
"ruby": [
[
"暑",
"あつ"
]
],
"word": "暑い: hot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "atatakai",
"ruby": [
[
"暖",
"あたた"
]
],
"word": "暖かい: warm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "suzushii",
"ruby": [
[
"涼",
"すず"
]
],
"word": "涼しい: cool"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "tsumetai",
"word": "冷たい: cold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "of an object",
"word": "cool"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "寒い",
"ruby": [
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "samui",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "寒く",
"roman": "samuku",
"ruby": [
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samukaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "寒く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "さむい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "samui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "寒けれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samukere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samukare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samukatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒いです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "さむいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "samui desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samukatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "samukute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "寒ければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "さむければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "samukereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samukattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "samukarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "寒く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "さむく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "寒さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "さむさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "samusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さむい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "寒(さむ)い • (samui) -i (adverbial 寒(さむ)く (samuku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "さむ",
"lemma": "寒",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 17 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is cold today.",
"roman": "Kyō wa samui.",
"ruby": [
[
"今日",
"きょう"
],
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"text": "今日は寒い。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold (ambient temperature, as a winter day is cold)"
],
"id": "en-寒い-ja-adj-Xe1cgvdO",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a chill runs down one's spine",
"roman": "sesuji ga samuku naru",
"ruby": [
[
"背筋",
"せすじ"
],
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"text": "背筋が寒くなる"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fearful"
],
"id": "en-寒い-ja-adj-MxsEnnL7",
"links": [
[
"fearful",
"fearful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) fearful"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"terrible; not funny"
],
"id": "en-寒い-ja-adj-pcBGaunH",
"links": [
[
"terrible",
"terrible"
],
[
"funny",
"funny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a joke) terrible; not funny"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a joke"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "1 17 82",
"roman": "suberu",
"ruby": [
[
"滑",
"すべ"
]
],
"sense": "of a joke: terrible",
"word": "滑る"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "さむい"
},
{
"ipa": "[sa̠mɯ̟ᵝi]"
}
],
"word": "寒い"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "atsui",
"ruby": [
[
"暑",
"あつ"
]
],
"word": "暑い: hot"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Japanese い-i adjectives"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "atsui",
"ruby": [
[
"暑",
"あつ"
]
],
"word": "暑い: hot"
},
{
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "atatakai",
"ruby": [
[
"暖",
"あたた"
]
],
"word": "暖かい: warm"
},
{
"english": "of the weather",
"roman": "suzushii",
"ruby": [
[
"涼",
"すず"
]
],
"word": "涼しい: cool"
},
{
"roman": "tsumetai",
"word": "冷たい: cold"
},
{
"english": "of an object",
"word": "cool"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "寒い",
"ruby": [
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "samui",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "寒く",
"roman": "samuku",
"ruby": [
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samukaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "寒く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "さむい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "samui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "寒けれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samukere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "samukare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samukatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒いです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "さむいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "samui desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samukatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒くて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "さむくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "samukute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "寒ければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "さむければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "samukereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "samukattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "寒かろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "さむかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "samukarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "寒く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "さむく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "samuku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "寒さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "さむさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "samusa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さむい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "寒(さむ)い • (samui) -i (adverbial 寒(さむ)く (samuku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "さむ",
"lemma": "寒",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "suberu",
"ruby": [
[
"滑",
"すべ"
]
],
"sense": "of a joke: terrible",
"word": "滑る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is cold today.",
"roman": "Kyō wa samui.",
"ruby": [
[
"今日",
"きょう"
],
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"text": "今日は寒い。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold (ambient temperature, as a winter day is cold)"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a chill runs down one's spine",
"roman": "sesuji ga samuku naru",
"ruby": [
[
"背筋",
"せすじ"
],
[
"寒",
"さむ"
]
],
"text": "背筋が寒くなる"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fearful"
],
"links": [
[
"fearful",
"fearful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) fearful"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"terrible; not funny"
],
"links": [
[
"terrible",
"terrible"
],
[
"funny",
"funny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a joke) terrible; not funny"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a joke"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "さむい"
},
{
"ipa": "[sa̠mɯ̟ᵝi]"
}
],
"word": "寒い"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.