See 凝集 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝集",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gyousifu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎようしふ",
"roman": "gyousifu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ぎょうしゅう",
"hhira": "ぎようしふ"
},
"expansion": "凝(ぎょう)集(しゅう) • (gyōshū) ^(←ぎようしふ (gyousifu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a reagent that causes an agglutination reaction",
"roman": "gyōshūgen",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集原",
"ぎょうしゅうげん"
]
],
"word": "凝集原"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshūso",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集素",
"ぎょうしゅうそ"
]
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "凝集素: agglutinin"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshū hannō",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集反応",
"ぎょうしゅうはんのう"
]
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "凝集反応: an agglutination reaction"
},
{
"english": "cohesiveness, cohesive strength",
"roman": "gyōshūryoku",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集力",
"ぎょうしゅうりょく"
]
],
"word": "凝集力"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshūzai",
"topics": [
"engineering",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "凝集剤: a coagulant"
},
{
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "a flocculant"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshūyaku",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集薬",
"ぎょうしゅうやく"
]
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "凝集薬: a coagulant"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clumping, cohesion, agglutination, coagulation, flocculation"
],
"id": "en-凝集-ja-noun-8ykCPhzd",
"links": [
[
"clumping",
"clumping"
],
[
"cohesion",
"cohesion"
],
[
"agglutination",
"agglutination"
],
[
"coagulation",
"coagulation"
],
[
"flocculation",
"flocculation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぎょーしゅう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲo̞ːɕɨː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "凝聚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "The 凝集 spelling is more common"
}
],
"word": "凝集"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝集する",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gyousifu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集し",
"roman": "gyōshū shi",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集した",
"roman": "gyōshū shita",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to clump together, to cohere, to agglutinate, to coagulate, to flocculate"
],
"id": "en-凝集-ja-verb-T2nsl6r2",
"links": [
[
"clump",
"clump"
],
[
"cohere",
"cohere"
],
[
"agglutinate",
"agglutinate"
],
[
"coagulate",
"coagulate"
],
[
"flocculate",
"flocculate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぎょーしゅう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲo̞ːɕɨː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "凝聚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "The 凝集 spelling is more common"
}
],
"word": "凝集"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a reagent that causes an agglutination reaction",
"roman": "gyōshūgen",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集原",
"ぎょうしゅうげん"
]
],
"word": "凝集原"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshūso",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集素",
"ぎょうしゅうそ"
]
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "凝集素: agglutinin"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshū hannō",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集反応",
"ぎょうしゅうはんのう"
]
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "凝集反応: an agglutination reaction"
},
{
"english": "cohesiveness, cohesive strength",
"roman": "gyōshūryoku",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集力",
"ぎょうしゅうりょく"
]
],
"word": "凝集力"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshūzai",
"topics": [
"engineering",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "凝集剤: a coagulant"
},
{
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "a flocculant"
},
{
"roman": "gyōshūyaku",
"ruby": [
[
"凝集薬",
"ぎょうしゅうやく"
]
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "凝集薬: a coagulant"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝集",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gyousifu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎようしふ",
"roman": "gyousifu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ぎょうしゅう",
"hhira": "ぎようしふ"
},
"expansion": "凝(ぎょう)集(しゅう) • (gyōshū) ^(←ぎようしふ (gyousifu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"clumping, cohesion, agglutination, coagulation, flocculation"
],
"links": [
[
"clumping",
"clumping"
],
[
"cohesion",
"cohesion"
],
[
"agglutination",
"agglutination"
],
[
"coagulation",
"coagulation"
],
[
"flocculation",
"flocculation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぎょーしゅう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲo̞ːɕɨː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "凝聚"
},
{
"word": "The 凝集 spelling is more common"
}
],
"word": "凝集"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝集する",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gyousifu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集し",
"roman": "gyōshū shi",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集した",
"roman": "gyōshū shita",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"ぎょう"
],
[
"集",
"しゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝集すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ぎょうしゅうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "gyōshū sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to clump together, to cohere, to agglutinate, to coagulate, to flocculate"
],
"links": [
[
"clump",
"clump"
],
[
"cohere",
"cohere"
],
[
"agglutinate",
"agglutinate"
],
[
"coagulate",
"coagulate"
],
[
"flocculate",
"flocculate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぎょーしゅう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲo̞ːɕɨː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "凝聚"
},
{
"word": "The 凝集 spelling is more common"
}
],
"word": "凝集"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 凝集 meaning in Japanese (8.3kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"凝集"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝集",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.