See 凝らす in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝らす",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "korasu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らし",
"roman": "korashi",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らした",
"roman": "korashita",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korasa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korashi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らせ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらせ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こらされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "korasareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "koraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らそう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こらそう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "korasō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こらします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "korashimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こらした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "korashita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こらして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korashite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らせば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こらせば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "koraseba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こらす",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "凝(こ)らす • (korasu) transitive godan (stem 凝(こ)らし (korashi), past 凝(こ)らした (korashita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -su",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to focus one's eyes",
"roman": "hitomi o korasu",
"ruby": [
[
"瞳",
"ひとみ"
],
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "瞳を凝らす"
},
{
"english": "to cock one's ears",
"roman": "mimi o korasu",
"ruby": [
[
"耳",
"みみ"
],
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "耳を凝らす"
},
{
"english": "to concentrate one's attention",
"roman": "kokoro o korasu",
"ruby": [
[
"心",
"こころ"
],
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "心を凝らす"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to gather; to concentrate"
],
"id": "en-凝らす-ja-verb-UaTB72mc",
"links": [
[
"gather",
"gather"
],
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こらす"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ɾa̠sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "凝らす"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝らす",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こご"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kogorasu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らし",
"roman": "kogorashi",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こご"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らした",
"roman": "kogorashita",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こご"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こごらす",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "凝(こご)らす • (kogorasu) transitive godan (stem 凝(こご)らし (kogorashi), past 凝(こご)らした (kogorashita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to freeze; to congeal"
],
"id": "en-凝らす-ja-verb-9NScCnbG",
"links": [
[
"freeze",
"freeze"
],
[
"congeal",
"congeal"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ɡo̞ɾa̠sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "凝らす"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -su",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝らす",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "korasu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らし",
"roman": "korashi",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らした",
"roman": "korashita",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korasa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korashi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らせ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こらせ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "korase",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こらされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "korasareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "koraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らそう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こらそう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "korasō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らさず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こらさず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "korasazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こらします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "korashimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こらした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "korashita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こらして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korashite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らせば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こらせば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "koraseba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こらす",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "凝(こ)らす • (korasu) transitive godan (stem 凝(こ)らし (korashi), past 凝(こ)らした (korashita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to focus one's eyes",
"roman": "hitomi o korasu",
"ruby": [
[
"瞳",
"ひとみ"
],
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "瞳を凝らす"
},
{
"english": "to cock one's ears",
"roman": "mimi o korasu",
"ruby": [
[
"耳",
"みみ"
],
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "耳を凝らす"
},
{
"english": "to concentrate one's attention",
"roman": "kokoro o korasu",
"ruby": [
[
"心",
"こころ"
],
[
"凝",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "心を凝らす"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to gather; to concentrate"
],
"links": [
[
"gather",
"gather"
],
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こらす"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ɾa̠sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "凝らす"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -su",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝らす",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こご"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kogorasu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らし",
"roman": "kogorashi",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こご"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凝らした",
"roman": "kogorashita",
"ruby": [
[
"凝",
"こご"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こごらす",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "凝(こご)らす • (kogorasu) transitive godan (stem 凝(こご)らし (kogorashi), past 凝(こご)らした (kogorashita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to freeze; to congeal"
],
"links": [
[
"freeze",
"freeze"
],
[
"congeal",
"congeal"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ɡo̞ɾa̠sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "凝らす"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 凝らす meaning in Japanese (7.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"凝らす"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凝らす",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.