See 共同 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "tandoku",
"ruby": [
[
"単独",
"たんどく"
]
],
"word": "単独"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "共同",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きょうどう"
},
"expansion": "共(きょう)同(どう) • (kyōdō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Japan participated in the US-Korea military drills this year.",
"roman": "Nihon wa kotoshi, beikan kyōdō gunji enshū ni sanka shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"日本",
"にほん"
],
[
"今年",
"ことし"
],
[
"米韓共同軍事演習",
"べいかんきょうどうぐんじえんしゅう"
],
[
"参加",
"さんか"
]
],
"text": "日本は今年、米韓共同軍事演習に参加した。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cooperation; collaboration"
],
"id": "en-共同-ja-noun-91Zu3FJz",
"links": [
[
"cooperation",
"cooperation"
],
[
"collaboration",
"collaboration"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きょーどー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲo̞ːdo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "共同"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "共同する",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "共同し",
"roman": "kyōdō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "共同した",
"roman": "kyōdō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "共同し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "共同する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "共同すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "共同せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "共同しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "共同させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "共同しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "共同しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "共同した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "共同して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "共同すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cooperate, to collaborate"
],
"id": "en-共同-ja-verb-Yh0~sSIl",
"links": [
[
"cooperate",
"cooperate"
],
[
"collaborate",
"collaborate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きょーどー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲo̞ːdo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "共同"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From 共同通信社 (Kyōdō Tsūshinsha, “Kyodo News”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "共同",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Kyōdō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "きょうどう"
},
"expansion": "共(きょう)同(どう) • (Kyōdō)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 21 3 69 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 2 72 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 94 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 94 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 58 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 94 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kyodo News, Short for 共同通信社."
],
"id": "en-共同-ja-pron-9NYtv3K2",
"links": [
[
"共同通信社",
"共同通信社#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"word": "共同"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "tandoku",
"ruby": [
[
"単独",
"たんどく"
]
],
"word": "単独"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "共同",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きょうどう"
},
"expansion": "共(きょう)同(どう) • (kyōdō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Japan participated in the US-Korea military drills this year.",
"roman": "Nihon wa kotoshi, beikan kyōdō gunji enshū ni sanka shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"日本",
"にほん"
],
[
"今年",
"ことし"
],
[
"米韓共同軍事演習",
"べいかんきょうどうぐんじえんしゅう"
],
[
"参加",
"さんか"
]
],
"text": "日本は今年、米韓共同軍事演習に参加した。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cooperation; collaboration"
],
"links": [
[
"cooperation",
"cooperation"
],
[
"collaboration",
"collaboration"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きょーどー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲo̞ːdo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "共同"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "共同する",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "共同し",
"roman": "kyōdō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "共同した",
"roman": "kyōdō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "共同し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "共同する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "共同すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "共同せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "共同しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "共同させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "共同しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "共同しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "共同します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "共同した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "共同して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "共同すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "きょうどうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōdō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to cooperate, to collaborate"
],
"links": [
[
"cooperate",
"cooperate"
],
[
"collaborate",
"collaborate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きょーどー"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲo̞ːdo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "共同"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From 共同通信社 (Kyōdō Tsūshinsha, “Kyodo News”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "共同",
"ruby": [
[
"共",
"きょう"
],
[
"同",
"どう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Kyōdō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "きょうどう"
},
"expansion": "共(きょう)同(どう) • (Kyōdō)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Kyodo News, Short for 共同通信社."
],
"links": [
[
"共同通信社",
"共同通信社#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"word": "共同"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 共同 meaning in Japanese (8.1kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"共同"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "共同",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.