See 俯く in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "俯く",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "俯き",
"roman": "utsumuki",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "俯いた",
"roman": "utsumuita",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "俯か",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむか",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯き",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯ける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "俯こう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむこう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯きます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむきます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "俯いた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむいた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "俯いて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむいて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "俯けば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむけば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うつむく",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "俯(うつむ)く • (utsumuku) intransitive godan (stem 俯(うつむ)き (utsumuki), past 俯(うつむ)いた (utsumuita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "unadareru",
"ruby": [
[
"項垂",
"うなだ"
]
],
"word": "項垂れる"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was just walking absentmindedly with my eyes downcast, so I can't recall anymore what the girl asked.",
"ref": "1956, 橘外男, 墓が呼んでいる",
"roman": "Bon'yari to utsumuite aruite imashita kara, mō, musume ga nani o kiita ka o, oboete orimasen.",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
],
[
"歩",
"ある"
],
[
"娘",
"むすめ"
],
[
"何",
"なに"
],
[
"聞",
"き"
],
[
"覚",
"おぼ"
]
],
"text": "ぼんやりと俯いて歩いていましたから、もう、娘が何を聞いたかを、覚えておりません。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cast one's eyes down, have downcast eyes"
],
"id": "en-俯く-ja-verb-68c3PndJ",
"links": [
[
"cast",
"cast"
],
[
"downcast",
"downcast"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"let one's head droop"
],
"id": "en-俯く-ja-verb-L6AGX2Jf",
"links": [
[
"droop",
"droop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "うつむく"
},
{
"other": "うつむく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟t͡sɨmɯ̟kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "俯く"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -ku",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "俯く",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "俯き",
"roman": "utsumuki",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "俯いた",
"roman": "utsumuita",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "俯か",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむか",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯き",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯く",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむく",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuku",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯け",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむけ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯ける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむける",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukeru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "俯こう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむこう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯かず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむかず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "俯きます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむきます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "俯いた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむいた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "俯いて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむいて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumuite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "俯けば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "うつむけば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "utsumukeba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うつむく",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "俯(うつむ)く • (utsumuku) intransitive godan (stem 俯(うつむ)き (utsumuki), past 俯(うつむ)いた (utsumuita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "unadareru",
"ruby": [
[
"項垂",
"うなだ"
]
],
"word": "項垂れる"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I was just walking absentmindedly with my eyes downcast, so I can't recall anymore what the girl asked.",
"ref": "1956, 橘外男, 墓が呼んでいる",
"roman": "Bon'yari to utsumuite aruite imashita kara, mō, musume ga nani o kiita ka o, oboete orimasen.",
"ruby": [
[
"俯",
"うつむ"
],
[
"歩",
"ある"
],
[
"娘",
"むすめ"
],
[
"何",
"なに"
],
[
"聞",
"き"
],
[
"覚",
"おぼ"
]
],
"text": "ぼんやりと俯いて歩いていましたから、もう、娘が何を聞いたかを、覚えておりません。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cast one's eyes down, have downcast eyes"
],
"links": [
[
"cast",
"cast"
],
[
"downcast",
"downcast"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"let one's head droop"
],
"links": [
[
"droop",
"droop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "うつむく"
},
{
"other": "うつむく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟t͡sɨmɯ̟kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "俯く"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 俯く meaning in Japanese (5.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"俯く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "俯く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"俯く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "俯く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"俯く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "俯く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"俯く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "俯く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"俯く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "俯く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"俯く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "俯く",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"俯く"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "俯く",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.