See 交易 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"hhira": "かうえき"
},
"expansion": "交(こう)易(えき) • (kōeki) ^(←かうえき (kaueki)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"trade, transaction"
],
"links": [
[
"trade",
"trade"
],
[
"transaction",
"transaction"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーえき"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːe̞kʲi]"
}
],
"word": "交易"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こうえき"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "交易",
"id": "1,2"
},
"expansion": "交易 (MC kaew yek)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 交易 (MC kaew yek). The kan'on reading, which usually indicates a later borrowing. However, this reading appears earlier in the historical record, and is first cited to a text from 718 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "交易する",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"易",
"えき"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kaueki",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "交易し",
"roman": "kōeki shi",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"易",
"えき"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "交易した",
"roman": "kōeki shita",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"易",
"えき"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "交易し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交易する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交易すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交易せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "交易しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "交易される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "交易させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交易さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交易できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "交易しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "交易しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交易せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交易します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "交易した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "交易して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "交易すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こうえきすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōeki sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こうえき",
"hhira": "かうえき",
"tr": "trans"
},
"expansion": "交(こう)易(えき)する • (kōeki suru) ^(←かうえき (kaueki)?)transitive suru (stem 交(こう)易(えき)し (kōeki shi), past 交(こう)易(えき)した (kōeki shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to trade, to engage in trade, particularly internationally"
],
"links": [
[
"trade",
"trade"
],
[
"internationally",
"internationally"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーえき"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːe̞kʲi]"
}
],
"word": "交易"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こうえき"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "交易",
"id": "1,2"
},
"expansion": "交易 (MC kaew yek)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 交易 (MC kaew yek). The goon reading, which usually indicates an earlier borrowing. However, in this case, this reading is only cited to the Muromachi period, several centuries later than the kan'on reading kōeki. This reading may instead have arisen as a hypercorrection or deliberate archaism.\nThis reading appears to be obsolete.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "交易",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"きょう"
],
[
"易",
"やく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "keuyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "けうやく",
"roman": "keuyaku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きょうやく",
"hhira": "けうやく"
},
"expansion": "交(きょう)易(やく) • (kyōyaku) ^(←けうやく (keuyaku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"trade, transaction"
],
"links": [
[
"trade",
"trade"
],
[
"transaction",
"transaction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, obsolete) trade, transaction"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʲo̞ːja̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Muromachi period"
],
"word": "交易"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こうえき"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "交易",
"id": "1,2"
},
"expansion": "交易 (MC kaew yek)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 交易 (MC kaew yek). The goon reading, which usually indicates an earlier borrowing. However, in this case, this reading is only cited to the Muromachi period, several centuries later than the kan'on reading kōeki. This reading may instead have arisen as a hypercorrection or deliberate archaism.\nThis reading appears to be obsolete.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "交易する",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"きょう"
],
[
"易",
"やく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kyōyaku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "keuyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "交易し",
"roman": "kyōyaku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"きょう"
],
[
"易",
"やく"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "交易した",
"roman": "kyōyaku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"きょう"
],
[
"易",
"やく"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きょうやく",
"hhira": "けうやく",
"tr": "trans"
},
"expansion": "交(きょう)易(やく)する • (kyōyaku suru) ^(←けうやく (keuyaku)?)transitive suru (stem 交(きょう)易(やく)し (kyōyaku shi), past 交(きょう)易(やく)した (kyōyaku shita))",
"name": "ja-verb-suru"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to trade, to engage in trade, particularly internationally"
],
"links": [
[
"trade",
"trade"
],
[
"internationally",
"internationally"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, obsolete) to trade, to engage in trade, particularly internationally"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʲo̞ːja̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Muromachi period"
],
"word": "交易"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 交易 meaning in Japanese (13.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "交易",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "交易",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "交易",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"交易"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交易",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.