See 下回る in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "下回る",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下回り",
"roman": "shitamawari",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "下回った",
"roman": "shitamawatta",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下回ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamaware",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回られる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回れる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "下回ろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回ります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下回った",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawatta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下回って",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawatte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下回れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawareba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "したまわる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "下(した)回(まわ)る • (shitamawaru) transitive godan (stem 下(した)回(まわ)り (shitamawari), past 下(した)回(まわ)った (shitamawatta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be less than expected",
"roman": "yosō o shitamawaru",
"ruby": [
[
"予想",
"よそう"
],
[
"下回",
"したまわ"
]
],
"text": "予想を下回る"
}
],
"glosses": [
"be less than"
],
"id": "en-下回る-ja-verb-2fj5SGvi",
"links": [
[
"less",
"less"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "切る"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɕita̠ma̠β̞a̠ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "下回る"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "下回る",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下回り",
"roman": "shitamawari",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "下回った",
"roman": "shitamawatta",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"回",
"まわ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下回ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamaware",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下回られる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回れる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "下回ろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawaranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下回ります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawarimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下回った",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawatta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下回って",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawatte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下回れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "したまわれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitamawareba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "したまわる",
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "下(した)回(まわ)る • (shitamawaru) transitive godan (stem 下(した)回(まわ)り (shitamawari), past 下(した)回(まわ)った (shitamawatta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese type 1 verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be less than expected",
"roman": "yosō o shitamawaru",
"ruby": [
[
"予想",
"よそう"
],
[
"下回",
"したまわ"
]
],
"text": "予想を下回る"
}
],
"glosses": [
"be less than"
],
"links": [
[
"less",
"less"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "切る"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɕita̠ma̠β̞a̠ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "下回る"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 下回る meaning in Japanese (5.4kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"下回る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "下回る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"下回る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "下回る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"下回る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "下回る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"下回る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "下回る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"下回る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "下回る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"下回る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "下回る",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"下回る"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "下回る",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.