See ふれる in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "te o fureru",
"ruby": [
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"触",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "手を触れる"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ki ga fureru",
"ruby": [
[
"気",
"き"
]
],
"word": "気がふれる"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "fureru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれ",
"roman": "fure",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれた",
"roman": "fureta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fureru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "furere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "fureyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "furero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "furerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "furesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "furesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "furerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "furereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fureyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "furemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "fureta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "furete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "furereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふれる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "ふれる • (fureru) intransitive ichidan (stem ふれ (fure), past ふれた (fureta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 24 11 14 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 16 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 15 16 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"触れる: to touch"
],
"id": "en-ふれる-ja-verb-x1nVuu0D",
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"touch",
"touch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "83 0 0 17 0 0",
"roman": "sawaru",
"ruby": [
[
"触",
"さわ"
]
],
"sense": "to touch",
"word": "触る"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 24 11 14 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 25 10 15 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 16 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 15 16 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "[They] are still investigating whether [they] came in contact with the criteria for delisting.",
"roman": "Jōjō haishi no kijun ni fureru ka dō ka shinsa o tsuzukeru koto ni shite imasu.",
"ruby": [
[
"上場廃止",
"じょうじょうはいし"
],
[
"基準",
"きじゅん"
],
[
"触",
"ふ"
],
[
"審査",
"しんさ"
],
[
"続",
"つづ"
]
],
"text": "上場廃止の基準に触れるかどうか審査を続けることにしています。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"触れる: to experience, come in contact with"
],
"id": "en-ふれる-ja-verb-0v2Mctt2",
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
],
[
"contact",
"contact"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 24 11 14 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 16 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 15 16 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"触れる: to press (a button)"
],
"id": "en-ふれる-ja-verb-nh4mKHUW",
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 24 11 14 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 25 10 15 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 16 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 15 16 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"触れる: to mention lightly"
],
"id": "en-ふれる-ja-verb-TFxu0htj",
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"mention",
"mention"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 24 11 14 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 25 10 15 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 16 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 15 16 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"触れる, 狂れる: to go crazy, to go mad"
],
"id": "en-ふれる-ja-verb-RnLH~uF3",
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"狂れる",
"狂れる#Japanese"
],
[
"crazy",
"crazy"
],
[
"mad",
"mad"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 2 0 1 96 2",
"roman": "kuruu",
"ruby": [
[
"狂",
"くる"
]
],
"sense": "to go crazy",
"word": "狂う"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 16 10 14 19 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 24 11 14 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 25 10 15 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 12 16 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 16 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 15 16 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"偏れる: to veer, deflect, lean towards"
],
"id": "en-ふれる-ja-verb-X8AibRhq",
"links": [
[
"偏れる",
"偏れる#Japanese"
],
[
"veer",
"veer"
],
[
"deflect",
"deflect"
],
[
"lean",
"lean"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふれる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ɾe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "ふれる"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"振れる"
],
"senses": [
{
"id": "en-ふれる-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふれる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ɾe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "ふれる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese ichidan verbs",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese shimo ichidan verbs",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "te o fureru",
"ruby": [
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"触",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "手を触れる"
},
{
"roman": "ki ga fureru",
"ruby": [
[
"気",
"き"
]
],
"word": "気がふれる"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "fureru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれ",
"roman": "fure",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれた",
"roman": "fureta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fureru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "furere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "fureyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "furero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "furerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "furesaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "furesasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "furerareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "furereru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fureyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furenai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furenu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "furezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれます",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "furemasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "fureta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "furete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ふれれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "furereba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふれる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "ふれる • (fureru) intransitive ichidan (stem ふれ (fure), past ふれた (fureta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"触れる: to touch"
],
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"touch",
"touch"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"english": "[They] are still investigating whether [they] came in contact with the criteria for delisting.",
"roman": "Jōjō haishi no kijun ni fureru ka dō ka shinsa o tsuzukeru koto ni shite imasu.",
"ruby": [
[
"上場廃止",
"じょうじょうはいし"
],
[
"基準",
"きじゅん"
],
[
"触",
"ふ"
],
[
"審査",
"しんさ"
],
[
"続",
"つづ"
]
],
"text": "上場廃止の基準に触れるかどうか審査を続けることにしています。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"触れる: to experience, come in contact with"
],
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
],
[
"contact",
"contact"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"触れる: to press (a button)"
],
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"触れる: to mention lightly"
],
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"mention",
"mention"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"触れる, 狂れる: to go crazy, to go mad"
],
"links": [
[
"触れる",
"触れる#Japanese"
],
[
"狂れる",
"狂れる#Japanese"
],
[
"crazy",
"crazy"
],
[
"mad",
"mad"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"偏れる: to veer, deflect, lean towards"
],
"links": [
[
"偏れる",
"偏れる#Japanese"
],
[
"veer",
"veer"
],
[
"deflect",
"deflect"
],
[
"lean",
"lean"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふれる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ɾe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "sawaru",
"ruby": [
[
"触",
"さわ"
]
],
"sense": "to touch",
"word": "触る"
},
{
"roman": "kuruu",
"ruby": [
[
"狂",
"くる"
]
],
"sense": "to go crazy",
"word": "狂う"
}
],
"word": "ふれる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"振れる"
],
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ふれる"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ɾe̞ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "ふれる"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ふれる meaning in Japanese (6.3kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"ふれる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ふれる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"ふれる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ふれる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"ふれる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ふれる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"ふれる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ふれる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"ふれる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ふれる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"ふれる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ふれる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"ふれる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ふれる",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.