See つむる in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "From つぶる (tsuburu). Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tsumuru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "つむり",
"roman": "tsumuri",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "つむった",
"roman": "tsumutta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "つむら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumura",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumureru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "つむろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "つむった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumutta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "つむって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumutte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "つむれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "つむる • (tsumuru) transitive godan (stem つむり (tsumuri), past つむった (tsumutta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "tsuburu, “to close one's eyes”",
"word": "つぶる"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of つぶる (tsuburu, “to close one's eyes”)"
],
"id": "en-つむる-ja-verb-qI767grf",
"links": [
[
"つぶる",
"つぶる#Japanese"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つむる"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨmɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "つむる"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From つぶる (tsuburu). Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tsumuru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "つむり",
"roman": "tsumuri",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "つむった",
"roman": "tsumutta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-go-ru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "つむら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumura",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "つむられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuraseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumureru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "つむろう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuranai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむらず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "つむります",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumurimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "つむった",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumutta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "つむって",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumutte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "つむれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "trans",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "つむる • (tsumuru) transitive godan (stem つむり (tsumuri), past つむった (tsumutta))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "tsuburu, “to close one's eyes”",
"word": "つぶる"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese godan verbs",
"Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of つぶる (tsuburu, “to close one's eyes”)"
],
"links": [
[
"つぶる",
"つぶる#Japanese"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つむる"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨmɯ̟ɾɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "つむる"
}
Download raw JSONL data for つむる meaning in Japanese (3.8kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"つむる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "つむる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"つむる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "つむる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"つむる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "つむる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"つむる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "つむる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"つむる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "つむる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"つむる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "つむる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"つむる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "つむる",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.