See firma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
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],
"roman": "fírma",
"word": "фи́рма"
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{
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{
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"word": "firma"
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],
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"borrowed"
],
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},
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"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firm"
},
{
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"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "pirma",
"word": "ფირმა"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firmă"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Firma"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "firma",
"word": "фирма"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fîrma"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "fírma",
"word": "фи́рма"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": ":bf",
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"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmarebf.\nItalian firma",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "firmo",
"4": "firmāre"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "firm"
},
"expansion": "English firm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dharma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dharma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmarebf.\nItalian firma\nBack-formation from firmare, from Latin firmāre, from firmus; cognates include English firm (adjective). Doublet of dharma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firme",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "firma f (plural firme)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fìr‧ma"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fìr‧ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"signature (a person's name, written by that person, used as identification or to signify approval of accompanying material, such as a legal contract)"
],
"id": "en-firma-it-noun-ZVqdgFZ0",
"links": [
[
"signature",
"signature"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"glosses": [
"signature (an act of signing one's name)"
],
"id": "en-firma-it-noun--lYiGtGQ",
"links": [
[
"signature",
"signature"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-irma"
}
],
"word": "firma"
}
{
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
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],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "firma",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 14 2 0 8 1 0 14 2 1 1 14 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 14 2 1 0 0 14 2",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 16 1 0 8 0 0 16 1 1 1 16 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 16 1 0 0 0 16 1",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 18 50 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"word": "firmare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of firmare:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-firma-it-verb-HHZezYIw",
"links": [
[
"firmare",
"firmare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
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"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
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]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "firmare"
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],
"glosses": [
"inflection of firmare:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-firma-it-verb-DnV2IBa1",
"links": [
[
"firmare",
"firmare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "firma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian back-formations",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian doublets",
"Italian entries with etymology trees",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰer-",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Rhymes:Italian/irma",
"Rhymes:Italian/irma/2 syllables"
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"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
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"word": "фи́рма"
},
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
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"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
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{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
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{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
}
],
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"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firm"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "pirma",
"word": "ფირმა"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firmă"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Firma"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "firma",
"word": "фирма"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fîrma"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "fírma",
"word": "фи́рма"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firma"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":bf",
"3": "firmare<id:to sign>",
"id": "signature",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmarebf.\nItalian firma",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "firmo",
"4": "firmāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin firmāre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "firm"
},
"expansion": "English firm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dharma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dharma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmarebf.\nItalian firma\nBack-formation from firmare, from Latin firmāre, from firmus; cognates include English firm (adjective). Doublet of dharma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firme",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "firma f (plural firme)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
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"fìr‧ma"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fìr‧ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"glosses": [
"signature (a person's name, written by that person, used as identification or to signify approval of accompanying material, such as a legal contract)"
],
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[
"signature",
"signature"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"signature (an act of signing one's name)"
],
"links": [
[
"signature",
"signature"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfir.ma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-irma"
}
],
"word": "firma"
}
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"Italian non-lemma forms",
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{
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"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
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{
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"word": "firmare"
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"firmare",
"firmare#Italian"
]
],
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]
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"word": "firmare"
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[
"firmare",
"firmare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
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"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "firma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for firma meaning in Italian (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.