See firmare in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:firmo<id:to make firm>",
"id": "to sign",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmare",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "firmō",
"4": "firmāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin firmāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fermare"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of fermare",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmare\nFrom Latin firmāre, from firmus. Doublet of fermare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firmàre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmo",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmài",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàto",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "it-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàndo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "firmànte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàvo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmavàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmavàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàvano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàsti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàmmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàrono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerémo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmeréte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerànno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerèi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerésti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerèbbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerébbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerémmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmeréste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerèbbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerébbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàsse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssimo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ì"
},
"expansion": "firmàre (first-person singular present fìrmo, first-person singular past historic firmài, past participle firmàto, auxiliary avére)",
"name": "it-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fir‧mà‧re"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fir‧mà‧re"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ì"
},
"name": "it-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian verbs ending in -are",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "controfirmare"
},
{
"word": "firma"
},
{
"word": "firmatario"
},
{
"word": "firmato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sign (a document etc.)"
],
"id": "en-firmare-it-verb-GB5wTQPR",
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to sign (a document etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/firˈma.re/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-are"
}
],
"word": "firmare"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "controfirmare"
},
{
"word": "firma"
},
{
"word": "firmatario"
},
{
"word": "firmato"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:firmo<id:to make firm>",
"id": "to sign",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmare",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "firmō",
"4": "firmāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin firmāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fermare"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of fermare",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *dʰermos\nProto-Italic *θermos\nProto-Italic *fermos\nLatin firmus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -o\nLatin firmoder.\nItalian firmare\nFrom Latin firmāre, from firmus. Doublet of fermare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firmàre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmo",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmài",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàto",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "it-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avére",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàndo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "firmànte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàvo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmavàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmavàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàvano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàsti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàmmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàrono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerò",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerài",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerémo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmeréte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerànno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerèi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerésti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerèbbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerébbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerémmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmeréste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerèbbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmerébbero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàsse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssimo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàssero",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "firmiàmo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "firmàte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fìrmino",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ì"
},
"expansion": "firmàre (first-person singular present fìrmo, first-person singular past historic firmài, past participle firmàto, auxiliary avére)",
"name": "it-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fir‧mà‧re"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fir‧mà‧re"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a/ì"
},
"name": "it-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian doublets",
"Italian entries with etymology trees",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰer-",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio pronunciation",
"Italian transitive verbs",
"Italian verbs",
"Italian verbs ending in -are",
"Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Rhymes:Italian/are",
"Rhymes:Italian/are/3 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"to sign (a document etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to sign (a document etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/firˈma.re/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-are"
}
],
"word": "firmare"
}
Download raw JSONL data for firmare meaning in Italian (9.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.