"astringere" meaning in Italian

See astringere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /aˈstrin.d͡ʒe.re/
Rhymes: -indʒere Etymology: From Latin astringere. Etymology templates: {{inh|it|la|astringō|astringere}} Latin astringere Head templates: {{it-verb|a\@}} astrìngere (first-person singular present astrìngo, first-person singular past historic astrìnsi, past participle astrétto, auxiliary avére) Inflection templates: {{it-conj|a\@}} Forms: astrìngere [canonical], astrìngo [first-person, present, singular], astrìnsi [first-person, historic, past, singular], astrétto [participle, past], avére [auxiliary], irregular [table-tags], astrìngere [infinitive], avére [auxiliary], astringèndo [gerund], astringènte [participle, present], astrétto [participle, past], astrìngo [first-person, indicative, present, singular], astrìngi [indicative, present, second-person, singular], astrìnge [indicative, present, singular, third-person], astringiàmo [first-person, indicative, plural, present], astringéte [indicative, plural, present, second-person], astrìngono [indicative, plural, present, third-person], astringévo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], astringévi [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], astringéva [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], astringevàmo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], astringevàte [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], astringévano [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], astrìnsi [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], astringésti [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], astrìnse [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], astringémmo [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], astringéste [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], astrìnsero [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], astringerò [first-person, future, indicative, singular], astringerài [future, indicative, second-person, singular], astringerà [future, indicative, singular, third-person], astringerémo [first-person, future, indicative, plural], astringeréte [future, indicative, plural, second-person], astringerànno [future, indicative, plural, third-person], astringerèi [conditional, first-person, present, singular], astringerésti [conditional, present, second-person, singular], astringerèbbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], astringerébbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], astringerémmo [conditional, first-person, plural, present], astringeréste [conditional, plural, present, second-person], astringerèbbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], astringerébbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], astrìnga [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], astrìnga [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], astrìnga [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], astringiàmo [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], astringiàte [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], astrìngano [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], astringéssi [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], astringéssi [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], astringésse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], astringéssimo [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], astringéste [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], astringéssero [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], astrìngi [imperative, second-person, singular], astrìnga [formal, imperative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], astringiàmo [first-person, imperative, plural], astringéte [imperative, plural, second-person], astrìngano [formal, imperative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], astrìngere [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], astrìnga [formal, imperative, negative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], astringiàmo [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], astringéte [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], astrìngano [formal, imperative, negative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person]
  1. (literary) to compel, to oblige [+ a (infinitive) = to] Tags: literary, transitive
    Sense id: en-astringere-it-verb-7a2k6G8e Categories (other): Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 44 13 25 17
  2. (poetic) to grasp tightly; to squeeze Tags: poetic, transitive Synonyms: stringere
    Sense id: en-astringere-it-verb-JxNXzsqf
  3. (medicine) to tighten, to cause an astringent effect to (tissues, etc.) Tags: transitive Categories (topical): Medicine
    Sense id: en-astringere-it-verb-Sp6xtyob Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with irregular past participle Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 11 10 45 33 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 7 6 64 23 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 18 19 42 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 23 20 35 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 16 13 49 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past participle: 20 11 45 24 Topics: medicine, sciences
  4. (medicine) to constipate Tags: transitive Categories (topical): Medicine
    Sense id: en-astringere-it-verb-v3-KFZZU Topics: medicine, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: astrignere [archaic] Related terms: astringente, stringere

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for astringere meaning in Italian (10.4kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "astringō",
        "4": "astringere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin astringere",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin astringere.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "astrìngere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngo",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnsi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrétto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrétto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnsero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringeréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringeréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "astrìngere (first-person singular present astrìngo, first-person singular past historic astrìnsi, past participle astrétto, auxiliary avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "a‧strìn‧ge‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "astringente"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "stringere"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 13 25 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to compel, to oblige [+ a (infinitive) = to]",
        "to compel, to oblige"
      ],
      "id": "en-astringere-it-verb-7a2k6G8e",
      "links": [
        [
          "compel",
          "compel"
        ],
        [
          "oblige",
          "oblige"
        ],
        [
          "a",
          "a#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) to compel, to oblige [+ a (infinitive) = to]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to grasp tightly; to squeeze"
      ],
      "id": "en-astringere-it-verb-JxNXzsqf",
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "grasp",
          "grasp"
        ],
        [
          "tightly",
          "tightly"
        ],
        [
          "squeeze",
          "squeeze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) to grasp tightly; to squeeze"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "stringere"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "it",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "it:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 10 45 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 6 64 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 19 42 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 20 35 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 49 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 11 45 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past participle",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to tighten, to cause an astringent effect to (tissues, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-astringere-it-verb-Sp6xtyob",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "tighten",
          "tighten"
        ],
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) to tighten, to cause an astringent effect to (tissues, etc.)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "it",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "it:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to constipate"
      ],
      "id": "en-astringere-it-verb-v3-KFZZU",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "constipate",
          "constipate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) to constipate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈstrin.d͡ʒe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-indʒere"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "astrignere"
    }
  ],
  "word": "astringere"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 4-syllable words",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian irregular verbs",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Italian terms derived from Latin",
    "Italian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian transitive verbs",
    "Italian verbs",
    "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
    "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
    "Italian verbs with irregular past participle",
    "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
    "Rhymes:Italian/indʒere",
    "Rhymes:Italian/indʒere/4 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "astringō",
        "4": "astringere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin astringere",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin astringere.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "astrìngere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngo",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnsi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrétto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrétto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnsero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringeréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringeréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìnga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringiàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astringéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astrìngano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "astrìngere (first-person singular present astrìngo, first-person singular past historic astrìnsi, past participle astrétto, auxiliary avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "a‧strìn‧ge‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "astringente"
    },
    {
      "word": "stringere"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian literary terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to compel, to oblige [+ a (infinitive) = to]",
        "to compel, to oblige"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "compel",
          "compel"
        ],
        [
          "oblige",
          "oblige"
        ],
        [
          "a",
          "a#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) to compel, to oblige [+ a (infinitive) = to]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian poetic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grasp tightly; to squeeze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "grasp",
          "grasp"
        ],
        [
          "tightly",
          "tightly"
        ],
        [
          "squeeze",
          "squeeze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) to grasp tightly; to squeeze"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "stringere"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "it:Medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to tighten, to cause an astringent effect to (tissues, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "tighten",
          "tighten"
        ],
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) to tighten, to cause an astringent effect to (tissues, etc.)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "it:Medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to constipate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "constipate",
          "constipate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) to constipate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈstrin.d͡ʒe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-indʒere"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "astrignere"
    }
  ],
  "word": "astringere"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.