See pelko in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*pelko"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *pelko",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "pölätä",
"3": "-o",
"id2": "deverbal",
"t1": "to fear"
},
"expansion": "pölätä (“to fear”) + -o",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "pelko"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pelko",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pelg"
},
"expansion": "Estonian pelg",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *pelko, equivalent to pölätä (“to fear”) + -o. Cognates include Finnish pelko and dialectal Estonian pelg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k- gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "4/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pelko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelot",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkolois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelost",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelolle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelol",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelolt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "peloks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "peloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkonna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkont",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "pelko",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pel‧ko"
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian terms suffixed with -o (deverbal)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 49 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 50 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "it's scary to",
"literal_meaning": "there is a fear to",
"text": "pelko on",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fear"
],
"id": "en-pelko-izh-noun-WNVOfHVT",
"links": [
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpelko/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpe̞ɫkŏ̞̥]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpelko/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpe̞ɫɡ̊o̞]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-elko"
}
],
"word": "pelko"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"vot:Emotions"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*pelko"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *pelko",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "pölätä",
"3": "-o",
"id2": "deverbal",
"t1": "to fear"
},
"expansion": "pölätä (“to fear”) + -o",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "pelko"
},
"expansion": "Finnish pelko",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pelg"
},
"expansion": "Estonian pelg",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *pelko, equivalent to pölätä (“to fear”) + -o. Cognates include Finnish pelko and dialectal Estonian pelg.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "k- gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "4/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pelko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelot",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkolois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelost",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelolle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelol",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelolt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "peloks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "peloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkonna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkont",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelkoloint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "pelko",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pel‧ko"
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian nouns",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms suffixed with -o (deverbal)",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ingrian terms with collocations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/elko",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/elko/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "it's scary to",
"literal_meaning": "there is a fear to",
"text": "pelko on",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fear"
],
"links": [
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpelko/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpe̞ɫkŏ̞̥]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpelko/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpe̞ɫɡ̊o̞]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-elko"
}
],
"word": "pelko"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pelko meaning in Ingrian (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ingrian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.