See -kas in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-k'as",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-k'as"
],
[
"-kas",
"-kas#Finnish"
],
[
"-kas",
"-kas#Estonian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-k'as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-k'as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-kas"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -kas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-kas"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -kas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-k'as. Cognates include Finnish -kas and Estonian -kas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/patsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kk-k gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/patsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-kas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkailt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkainna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl-S/kalakas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kk-k gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/kalakas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-kas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "front vowel variant",
"4": "-käs"
},
"expansion": "-kas (front vowel variant -käs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-käs"
},
"expansion": "-kas (front vowel variant -käs)",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"name": "izh-decl-S/kalakas"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-kas",
"10": "-kkahaks",
"11": "-kkahhaan",
"12": "-kkahhant",
"13": "-kkahat\n -kkaat",
"14": "-kkahhiin",
"15": "-kkahhia",
"16": "-kkahisse",
"17": "-kkahis",
"18": "-kkahist",
"19": "-kkahille",
"2": "-kkahan",
"20": "-kkahil",
"21": "-kkahilt",
"22": "-kkahiks",
"23": "-kkahhiin",
"24": "-kkahhint",
"3": "-kasta",
"4": "-kkahasse",
"5": "-kkahas",
"6": "-kkahast",
"7": "-kkahalle",
"8": "-kkahal",
"9": "-kkahalt",
"title": "",
"type": "type 2/<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"izh\">kalakas</i>, kk-k gradation"
},
"name": "izh-decl-table/S"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kala (“fish”) + -kas → kalakas (“rich in fish”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives describing an abundancy of a noun; -ful"
],
"id": "en--kas-izh-suffix-3fTMHvJw",
"links": [
[
"-ful",
"-ful"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-isa"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-kɑs/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-kɑz̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-kɑs/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-kɑʒ̥]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-kas"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-k'as",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-k'as"
],
[
"-kas",
"-kas#Finnish"
],
[
"-kas",
"-kas#Estonian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-k'as"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-k'as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-kas"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -kas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-kas"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -kas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-k'as. Cognates include Finnish -kas and Estonian -kas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/patsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kk-k gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/patsas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-kas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkailt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkainna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl-S/kalakas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kk-k gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/kalakas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-kas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkaat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhiin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhant",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kkahhint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "front vowel variant",
"4": "-käs"
},
"expansion": "-kas (front vowel variant -käs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-käs"
},
"expansion": "-kas (front vowel variant -käs)",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"name": "izh-decl-S/kalakas"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-kas",
"10": "-kkahaks",
"11": "-kkahhaan",
"12": "-kkahhant",
"13": "-kkahat\n -kkaat",
"14": "-kkahhiin",
"15": "-kkahhia",
"16": "-kkahisse",
"17": "-kkahis",
"18": "-kkahist",
"19": "-kkahille",
"2": "-kkahan",
"20": "-kkahil",
"21": "-kkahilt",
"22": "-kkahiks",
"23": "-kkahhiin",
"24": "-kkahhint",
"3": "-kasta",
"4": "-kkahasse",
"5": "-kkahas",
"6": "-kkahast",
"7": "-kkahalle",
"8": "-kkahal",
"9": "-kkahalt",
"title": "",
"type": "type 2/<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"izh\">kalakas</i>, kk-k gradation"
},
"name": "izh-decl-table/S"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-isa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian suffixes",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kala (“fish”) + -kas → kalakas (“rich in fish”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives describing an abundancy of a noun; -ful"
],
"links": [
[
"-ful",
"-ful"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-kɑs/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-kɑz̠]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-kɑs/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-kɑʒ̥]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-kas"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -kas meaning in Ingrian (6.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: front vowel variant -käs",
"path": [
"-kas"
],
"section": "Ingrian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-kas",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ingrian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.