See penurunan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "penurunan bentuk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "turun",
"3": "peng- -an"
},
"expansion": "turun + peng- -an",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "penurunan"
},
"expansion": "Malay penurunan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Affixed turun + peng- -an, from Malay penurunan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pênurunan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "penurunan-penurunan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "pênurunan"
},
"expansion": "pênurunan (plural penurunan-penurunan)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pê‧nu‧run‧an"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lowering, reducing, decline, decrement, loss, decrease"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-Mje3iL~V",
"links": [
[
"lowering",
"lowering"
],
[
"reducing",
"reducing"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"decrement",
"decrement"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
],
[
"decrease",
"decrease"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reduction:",
"the act, process, or result of reducing"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-ThIngbZH",
"links": [
[
"reduction",
"reduction"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pengurangan"
},
{
"word": "reduksi"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reduction:",
"the amount or rate by which something is reduced, e.g. in price"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-bX2gjG7~",
"links": [
[
"reduction",
"reduction"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pemotongan"
},
{
"word": "reduksi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 3 18 24 4 4 4 21 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 6 17 20 9 9 2 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 14 18 5 5 1 16 4 1 3 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 15 22 3 3 1 18 2 1 2 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"discharging, disembarkation (of passenger)"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-ri9DRtwg",
"links": [
[
"discharging",
"discharging"
],
[
"disembarkation",
"disembarkation"
],
[
"passenger",
"passenger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Obstetrics",
"orig": "id:Obstetrics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 6 3 18 24 4 4 4 21 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 6 17 20 9 9 2 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 14 18 5 5 1 16 4 1 3 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 15 22 3 3 1 18 2 1 2 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal."
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-D4Xr-Prs",
"links": [
[
"obstetrics",
"obstetrics"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obstetrics) descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"obstetrics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unloading"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-t4zOc~xg",
"links": [
[
"unloading",
"unloading"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pembongkaran"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"downgrading"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-i0iqhjZ-",
"links": [
[
"downgrading",
"downgrading"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"subsidence"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-fO0w67nn",
"links": [
[
"subsidence",
"subsidence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 6 3 18 24 4 4 4 21 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 6 17 20 9 9 2 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 14 18 5 5 1 16 4 1 3 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 15 22 3 3 1 18 2 1 2 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"derivation, deriving"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-enU6KqXp",
"links": [
[
"derivation",
"derivation"
],
[
"deriving",
"deriving"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"descent, slope"
],
"id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-dijetiLj",
"links": [
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"slope",
"slope"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) descent, slope"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pə.nu.ˈrʊn.an/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:penurunan"
],
"word": "penurunan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/an",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/an/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "penurunan bentuk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "turun",
"3": "peng- -an"
},
"expansion": "turun + peng- -an",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "penurunan"
},
"expansion": "Malay penurunan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Affixed turun + peng- -an, from Malay penurunan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pênurunan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "penurunan-penurunan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "pênurunan"
},
"expansion": "pênurunan (plural penurunan-penurunan)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pê‧nu‧run‧an"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lowering, reducing, decline, decrement, loss, decrease"
],
"links": [
[
"lowering",
"lowering"
],
[
"reducing",
"reducing"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"decrement",
"decrement"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
],
[
"decrease",
"decrease"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reduction:",
"the act, process, or result of reducing"
],
"links": [
[
"reduction",
"reduction"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pengurangan"
},
{
"word": "reduksi"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reduction:",
"the amount or rate by which something is reduced, e.g. in price"
],
"links": [
[
"reduction",
"reduction"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pemotongan"
},
{
"word": "reduksi"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"discharging, disembarkation (of passenger)"
],
"links": [
[
"discharging",
"discharging"
],
[
"disembarkation",
"disembarkation"
],
[
"passenger",
"passenger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"id:Obstetrics"
],
"glosses": [
"descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal."
],
"links": [
[
"obstetrics",
"obstetrics"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obstetrics) descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"obstetrics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"unloading"
],
"links": [
[
"unloading",
"unloading"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pembongkaran"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"downgrading"
],
"links": [
[
"downgrading",
"downgrading"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"subsidence"
],
"links": [
[
"subsidence",
"subsidence"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"derivation, deriving"
],
"links": [
[
"derivation",
"derivation"
],
[
"deriving",
"deriving"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"descent, slope"
],
"links": [
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"slope",
"slope"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) descent, slope"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pə.nu.ˈrʊn.an/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:penurunan"
],
"word": "penurunan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penurunan meaning in Indonesian (2.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Indonesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.