"kawula" meaning in Indonesian

See kawula in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [kaˈwula] Forms: kawula-kawula [plural], kaula [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”). Reconstructed as ke- + *wula. Etymology templates: {{bor+|id|jv|ꦏꦮꦸꦭ|t=servant; subject; I, me}} Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), {{der|id|kaw|kawula|t=servant, follower, subject}} Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”), {{prefix|id|ke-|*wula}} ke- + *wula Head templates: {{id-noun}} kawula (plural kawula-kawula)
  1. servant Synonyms: abdi, hamba
    Sense id: en-kawula-id-noun-KVryxVxx Categories (other): Indonesian terms prefixed with ke-, Indonesian terms with redundant script codes, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian terms prefixed with ke-: 86 8 6 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with redundant script codes: 48 4 48 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 25 4 35 4 31 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 3 40 3 38
  2. slave Synonyms: budak
    Sense id: en-kawula-id-noun-GDk2sBDG

Pronoun

IPA: [kaˈwula] Forms: kaula [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”). Reconstructed as ke- + *wula. Etymology templates: {{bor+|id|jv|ꦏꦮꦸꦭ|t=servant; subject; I, me}} Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), {{der|id|kaw|kawula|t=servant, follower, subject}} Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”), {{prefix|id|ke-|*wula}} ke- + *wula Head templates: {{head|id|pronoun}} kawula
  1. (archaic) I (me, my) Tags: archaic Synonyms: saya Derived forms: kawula muda Related terms: keluarga
    Sense id: en-kawula-id-pron-4a~UDEgz Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with redundant script codes, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 37 3 60 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 40 5 54 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with redundant script codes: 48 4 48 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 25 4 35 4 31 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 3 40 3 38
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "jv",
        "3": "ꦏꦮꦸꦭ",
        "t": "servant; subject; I, me"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "kaw",
        "3": "kawula",
        "t": "servant, follower, subject"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ke-",
        "3": "*wula"
      },
      "expansion": "ke- + *wula",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”). Reconstructed as ke- + *wula.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kawula-kawula",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaula",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kawula (plural kawula-kawula)",
      "name": "id-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wu‧la"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "86 8 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms prefixed with ke-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 4 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 4 35 4 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 3 40 3 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "servant"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawula-id-noun-KVryxVxx",
      "links": [
        [
          "servant",
          "servant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "abdi"
        },
        {
          "word": "hamba"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "slave"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawula-id-noun-GDk2sBDG",
      "links": [
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "budak"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kaˈwula]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawula"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "jv",
        "3": "ꦏꦮꦸꦭ",
        "t": "servant; subject; I, me"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "kaw",
        "3": "kawula",
        "t": "servant, follower, subject"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ke-",
        "3": "*wula"
      },
      "expansion": "ke- + *wula",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”). Reconstructed as ke- + *wula.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaula",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "kawula",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wu‧la"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 3 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 5 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 4 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 4 35 4 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 3 40 3 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "kawula muda"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I (me, my)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawula-id-pron-4a~UDEgz",
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "me",
          "me"
        ],
        [
          "my",
          "my"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) I (me, my)"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "keluarga"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "saya"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kaˈwula]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawula"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Indonesian lemmas",
    "Indonesian nouns",
    "Indonesian pronouns",
    "Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Old Javanese",
    "Indonesian terms prefixed with ke-",
    "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "jv",
        "3": "ꦏꦮꦸꦭ",
        "t": "servant; subject; I, me"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "kaw",
        "3": "kawula",
        "t": "servant, follower, subject"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ke-",
        "3": "*wula"
      },
      "expansion": "ke- + *wula",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”). Reconstructed as ke- + *wula.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kawula-kawula",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaula",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kawula (plural kawula-kawula)",
      "name": "id-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wu‧la"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "servant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "servant",
          "servant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "abdi"
        },
        {
          "word": "hamba"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "slave"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "budak"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kaˈwula]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawula"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Indonesian lemmas",
    "Indonesian nouns",
    "Indonesian pronouns",
    "Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Old Javanese",
    "Indonesian terms prefixed with ke-",
    "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "kawula muda"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "jv",
        "3": "ꦏꦮꦸꦭ",
        "t": "servant; subject; I, me"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "kaw",
        "3": "kawula",
        "t": "servant, follower, subject"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ke-",
        "3": "*wula"
      },
      "expansion": "ke- + *wula",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦮꦸꦭ (kawula, “servant; subject; I, me”), from Old Javanese kawula (“servant, follower, subject”). Reconstructed as ke- + *wula.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaula",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "kawula",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wu‧la"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "keluarga"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I (me, my)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "I",
          "I"
        ],
        [
          "me",
          "me"
        ],
        [
          "my",
          "my"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) I (me, my)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "saya"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kaˈwula]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawula"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kawula meaning in Indonesian (3.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Indonesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.