See ljóma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "ljóma"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ljóma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuhmô",
"t": "light, shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuhmô (“light, shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewk-",
"t": "light; to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light; to shine”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse ljóma, from Proto-Germanic *leuhmô (“light, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light; to shine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ljómu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ljóma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljóman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómunni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómunnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljóma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "ljóma f (genitive singular ljómu, nominative plural ljómur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"beam of light"
],
"id": "en-ljóma-is-noun-15Hno1fh",
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) beam of light"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "ljóma"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ljómaði",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómað",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaður",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómað",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómað",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðrar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "ljómað",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{33}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "weak verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "ljómaði",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{22}}}",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "weak verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ljóma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative ljómaði, supine ljómað)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to shine, gleam"
],
"id": "en-ljóma-is-verb-VVPNpayc",
"links": [
[
"shine",
"shine"
],
[
"gleam",
"gleam"
]
],
"tags": [
"weak"
]
}
],
"word": "ljóma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic feminine nouns",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Icelandic verbs",
"Icelandic weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "ljóma"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ljóma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leuhmô",
"t": "light, shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuhmô (“light, shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewk-",
"t": "light; to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light; to shine”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse ljóma, from Proto-Germanic *leuhmô (“light, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light; to shine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ljómu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ljóma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljóman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómunni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómunnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljóma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "ljóma f (genitive singular ljómu, nominative plural ljómur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"beam of light"
],
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) beam of light"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "ljóma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic verbs",
"Icelandic weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ljómaði",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómað",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaður",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómað",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómað",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðrar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ljómuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "ljómað",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{33}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "weak verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "ljómaði",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{22}}}",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "weak verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ljóma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative ljómaði, supine ljómað)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to shine, gleam"
],
"links": [
[
"shine",
"shine"
],
[
"gleam",
"gleam"
]
],
"tags": [
"weak"
]
}
],
"word": "ljóma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ljóma meaning in Icelandic (8.6kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ljóma"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ljóma",
"trace": "started on line 4, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ljóma"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ljóma",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"ljóma"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ljóma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Icelandic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.