"lest" meaning in Icelandic

See lest in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈlɛst/
Rhymes: -ɛst Etymology: From Middle Low German last, from Old Saxon *hlast, from Proto-West Germanic *hlasti (“burden, load”). Etymology templates: {{der|is|gml|last}} Middle Low German last, {{der|is|osx|*hlast}} Old Saxon *hlast, {{der|is|gmw-pro|*hlasti|t=burden, load}} Proto-West Germanic *hlasti (“burden, load”) Head templates: {{is-noun|@@}} lest f (genitive singular lestar, nominative plural lestir or (chiefly of freight (on a ship)) lestar) Inflection templates: {{is-ndecl|f,,ir:ar􂀿chiefly of freight (on a ship)􂁀}} Forms: of freight [error-unknown-tag], no-table-tags [table-tags], lest [indefinite, nominative, singular], lestin [definite, nominative, singular], lestir [indefinite, nominative, plural], lestar [indefinite, nominative, plural], lestirnar [definite, nominative, plural], lestarnar [definite, nominative, plural], lest [accusative, indefinite, singular], lestina [accusative, definite, singular], lestir [accusative, indefinite, plural], lestar [accusative, indefinite, plural], lestirnar [accusative, definite, plural], lestarnar [accusative, definite, plural], lest [dative, indefinite, singular], lestinni [dative, definite, singular], lestum [dative, indefinite, plural], lestunum [dative, definite, plural], lestar [genitive, indefinite, singular], lestarinnar [definite, genitive, singular], lesta [genitive, indefinite, plural], lestanna [definite, genitive, plural]
  1. train, file, row, line Tags: feminine Synonyms: röð
    Sense id: en-lest-is-noun-RD9bSWfx
  2. railway train Tags: feminine Synonyms: járnbrautarlest
    Sense id: en-lest-is-noun-2McEh0cf
  3. cargo hold Tags: feminine Synonyms: lestarrúm, vörurúm
    Sense id: en-lest-is-noun-m5ZycpHD Categories (other): Pages with 10 entries, Pages with entries, Icelandic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 10 entries: 1 0 0 0 9 1 8 2 16 2 1 14 0 1 15 0 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 5 1 4 1 0 1 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 0 0 0 13 0 9 3 12 1 1 11 0 1 20 0 1 1 1 1 1 8 0 1 0 7 1 4 1 0 1 0 Disambiguation of Icelandic entries with incorrect language header: 1 4 82 1 5 6
  4. ton Tags: feminine Synonyms: tonn
    Sense id: en-lest-is-noun-1Te8nATT
  5. (obsolete) cargo, burden, load Tags: feminine, obsolete Synonyms: byrði, farmur
    Sense id: en-lest-is-noun-Td3aFcvf
  6. (nautical) freight, cargo Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-lest-is-noun-uaYpUSzo Categories (other): Nautical Topics: nautical, transport
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: bílalest (english: convoy of cars), hraðlest (english: high speed train), járnbrautarlest (english: railroad train), neðanjarðarlest (english: underground train), rúmlest (english: register ton), skipalest (english: convoy of ships), smálest (english: metric ton), snarlest (english: rapid transit train), ulfaldalest (english: convoy of camels) Related terms: lesta (english: to load, to fill with cargo)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "convoy of cars",
      "translation": "convoy of cars",
      "word": "bílalest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "high speed train",
      "translation": "high speed train",
      "word": "hraðlest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "railroad train",
      "translation": "railroad train",
      "word": "járnbrautarlest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "underground train",
      "translation": "underground train",
      "word": "neðanjarðarlest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "register ton",
      "translation": "register ton",
      "word": "rúmlest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "convoy of ships",
      "translation": "convoy of ships",
      "word": "skipalest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "metric ton",
      "translation": "metric ton",
      "word": "smálest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "rapid transit train",
      "translation": "rapid transit train",
      "word": "snarlest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "convoy of camels",
      "translation": "convoy of camels",
      "word": "ulfaldalest"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "last"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German last",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "*hlast"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon *hlast",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hlasti",
        "t": "burden, load"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlasti (“burden, load”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Low German last, from Old Saxon *hlast, from Proto-West Germanic *hlasti (“burden, load”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "of freight",
      "tags": [
        "error-unknown-tag"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestirnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestirnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestinni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestarinnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "@@"
      },
      "expansion": "lest f (genitive singular lestar, nominative plural lestir or (chiefly of freight (on a ship)) lestar)",
      "name": "is-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f,,ir:ar􂀿chiefly of freight (on a ship)􂁀"
      },
      "name": "is-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to load, to fill with cargo",
      "translation": "to load, to fill with cargo",
      "word": "lesta"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "train, file, row, line"
      ],
      "id": "en-lest-is-noun-RD9bSWfx",
      "links": [
        [
          "train",
          "train"
        ],
        [
          "file",
          "file"
        ],
        [
          "row",
          "row"
        ],
        [
          "line",
          "line"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "röð"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "railway train"
      ],
      "id": "en-lest-is-noun-2McEh0cf",
      "links": [
        [
          "railway train",
          "railway train"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "járnbrautarlest"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 0 0 9 1 8 2 16 2 1 14 0 1 15 0 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 5 1 4 1 0 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 0 0 13 0 9 3 12 1 1 11 0 1 20 0 1 1 1 1 1 8 0 1 0 7 1 4 1 0 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 4 82 1 5 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cargo hold"
      ],
      "id": "en-lest-is-noun-m5ZycpHD",
      "links": [
        [
          "cargo hold",
          "cargo hold"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lestarrúm"
        },
        {
          "word": "vörurúm"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ton"
      ],
      "id": "en-lest-is-noun-1Te8nATT",
      "links": [
        [
          "ton",
          "ton"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "tonn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "cargo, burden, load"
      ],
      "id": "en-lest-is-noun-Td3aFcvf",
      "links": [
        [
          "cargo",
          "cargo"
        ],
        [
          "burden",
          "burden"
        ],
        [
          "load",
          "load"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) cargo, burden, load"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "byrði"
        },
        {
          "word": "farmur"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "is",
          "name": "Nautical",
          "orig": "is:Nautical",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "freight, cargo"
      ],
      "id": "en-lest-is-noun-uaYpUSzo",
      "links": [
        [
          "nautical",
          "nautical"
        ],
        [
          "freight",
          "freight"
        ],
        [
          "cargo",
          "cargo"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(nautical) freight, cargo"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "nautical",
        "transport"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛst/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lest"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Icelandic feminine nouns",
    "Icelandic lemmas",
    "Icelandic nouns",
    "Icelandic terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Icelandic terms derived from Old Saxon",
    "Icelandic terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛst",
    "Rhymes:Icelandic/ɛst/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "convoy of cars",
      "translation": "convoy of cars",
      "word": "bílalest"
    },
    {
      "english": "high speed train",
      "translation": "high speed train",
      "word": "hraðlest"
    },
    {
      "english": "railroad train",
      "translation": "railroad train",
      "word": "járnbrautarlest"
    },
    {
      "english": "underground train",
      "translation": "underground train",
      "word": "neðanjarðarlest"
    },
    {
      "english": "register ton",
      "translation": "register ton",
      "word": "rúmlest"
    },
    {
      "english": "convoy of ships",
      "translation": "convoy of ships",
      "word": "skipalest"
    },
    {
      "english": "metric ton",
      "translation": "metric ton",
      "word": "smálest"
    },
    {
      "english": "rapid transit train",
      "translation": "rapid transit train",
      "word": "snarlest"
    },
    {
      "english": "convoy of camels",
      "translation": "convoy of camels",
      "word": "ulfaldalest"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "last"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German last",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "*hlast"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon *hlast",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hlasti",
        "t": "burden, load"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlasti (“burden, load”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Low German last, from Old Saxon *hlast, from Proto-West Germanic *hlasti (“burden, load”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "of freight",
      "tags": [
        "error-unknown-tag"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestirnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestirnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestinni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestarinnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "@@"
      },
      "expansion": "lest f (genitive singular lestar, nominative plural lestir or (chiefly of freight (on a ship)) lestar)",
      "name": "is-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f,,ir:ar􂀿chiefly of freight (on a ship)􂁀"
      },
      "name": "is-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to load, to fill with cargo",
      "translation": "to load, to fill with cargo",
      "word": "lesta"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "train, file, row, line"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "train",
          "train"
        ],
        [
          "file",
          "file"
        ],
        [
          "row",
          "row"
        ],
        [
          "line",
          "line"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "röð"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "railway train"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "railway train",
          "railway train"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "járnbrautarlest"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cargo hold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cargo hold",
          "cargo hold"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lestarrúm"
        },
        {
          "word": "vörurúm"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ton"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ton",
          "ton"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "tonn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Icelandic terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cargo, burden, load"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cargo",
          "cargo"
        ],
        [
          "burden",
          "burden"
        ],
        [
          "load",
          "load"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) cargo, burden, load"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "byrði"
        },
        {
          "word": "farmur"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "is:Nautical"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "freight, cargo"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nautical",
          "nautical"
        ],
        [
          "freight",
          "freight"
        ],
        [
          "cargo",
          "cargo"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(nautical) freight, cargo"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "nautical",
        "transport"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛst/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lest"
}

Download raw JSONL data for lest meaning in Icelandic (5.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Icelandic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-11 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.