"dám" meaning in Hungarian

See dám in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈdaːm]
Rhymes: -aːm Head templates: {{head|hu|noun|||plural|dámok||{{{alt}}}|head=|nopalindromecat=}} dám (plural dámok), {{hu-noun|ok}} dám (plural dámok) Inflection templates: {{hu-infl-nom|dámo|o}}, {{hu-infl-pos-table|1pl_pl=dámjaink|1pl_sg=dámunk|1sg_pl=dámjaim|1sg_sg=dámom|2pl_pl=dámjaitok|2pl_sg=dámotok|2sg_pl=dámjaid|2sg_sg=dámod|3pl_pl=dámjaik|3pl_sg=dámjuk|3sg_pl=dámjai|3sg_sg=dámja|n=|perspron=}} Forms: dámok [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], dám [nominative, singular], dámok [nominative, plural], dámot [accusative, singular], dámokat [accusative, plural], dámnak [dative, singular], dámoknak [dative, plural], dámmal [instrumental, singular], dámokkal [instrumental, plural], dámért [causal-final, singular], dámokért [causal-final, plural], dámmá [singular, translative], dámokká [plural, translative], dámig [singular, terminative], dámokig [plural, terminative], dámként [essive-formal, singular], dámokként [essive-formal, plural], - [essive-modal, singular], - [essive-modal, plural], dámban [inessive, singular], dámokban [inessive, plural], dámon [singular, superessive], dámokon [plural, superessive], dámnál [adessive, singular], dámoknál [adessive, plural], dámba [illative, singular], dámokba [illative, plural], dámra [singular, sublative], dámokra [plural, sublative], dámhoz [allative, singular], dámokhoz [allative, plural], dámból [elative, singular], dámokból [elative, plural], dámról [delative, singular], dámokról [delative, plural], dámtól [ablative, singular], dámoktól [ablative, plural], dámé [possessed-single, possessive, predicative, singular], dámoké [plural, possessed-single, possessive, predicative], dáméi [possessed-single, possessive, predicative, singular], dámokéi [plural, possessed-single, possessive, predicative], no-table-tags [table-tags], dámom [first-person, possessed-single, possessive, singular], dámjaim [first-person, possessed-many, possessive, singular], dámod [possessed-single, possessive, second-person, singular], dámjaid [possessed-many, possessive, second-person, singular], dámja [possessed-single, possessive, singular, third-person], dámjai [possessed-many, possessive, singular, third-person], dámunk [first-person, plural, possessed-single, possessive], dámjaink [first-person, plural, possessed-many, possessive], dámotok [plural, possessed-single, possessive, second-person], dámjaitok [plural, possessed-many, possessive, second-person], dámjuk [plural, possessed-single, possessive, third-person], dámjaik [plural, possessed-many, possessive, third-person]
  1. fallow deer (Dama dama) Categories (lifeform): Cervids Synonyms: dámvad Derived forms: dámszarvas, dámvad

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for dám meaning in Hungarian (7.0kB)

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dámok",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hu-infl-nom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "back harmony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-o-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámot",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámnak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoknak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámmal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokkal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámért",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokért",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámmá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokká",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámként",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokként",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámban",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokban",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámon",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokon",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámnál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoknál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámhoz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokhoz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámból",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokból",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámról",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokról",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámtól",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoktól",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoké",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dáméi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokéi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hu-pos-otok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámod",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámunk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaink",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámotok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaitok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjuk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "dámok",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{alt}}}",
        "head": "",
        "nopalindromecat": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dám (plural dámok)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ok"
      },
      "expansion": "dám (plural dámok)",
      "name": "hu-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "dám"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dámo",
        "2": "o"
      },
      "name": "hu-infl-nom"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1pl_pl": "dámjaink",
        "1pl_sg": "dámunk",
        "1sg_pl": "dámjaim",
        "1sg_sg": "dámom",
        "2pl_pl": "dámjaitok",
        "2pl_sg": "dámotok",
        "2sg_pl": "dámjaid",
        "2sg_sg": "dámod",
        "3pl_pl": "dámjaik",
        "3pl_sg": "dámjuk",
        "3sg_pl": "dámjai",
        "3sg_sg": "dámja",
        "n": "",
        "perspron": ""
      },
      "name": "hu-infl-pos-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hungarian",
  "lang_code": "hu",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "hu",
          "name": "Cervids",
          "orig": "hu:Cervids",
          "parents": [
            "Even-toed ungulates",
            "Mammals",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dámszarvas"
        },
        {
          "word": "dámvad"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Future of the Fallow Deer (title of the article)",
          "roman": "A dám jövője",
          "text": "2006, Magyar Vadászlap (Hungarian Hunter Magazine)",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fallow deer (Dama dama)"
      ],
      "id": "en-dám-hu-noun-fcntl5BE",
      "links": [
        [
          "fallow deer",
          "fallow deer"
        ],
        [
          "Dama dama",
          "Dama dama#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dámvad"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈdaːm]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dám"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dámszarvas"
    },
    {
      "word": "dámvad"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dámok",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hu-infl-nom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "back harmony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-o-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámot",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámnak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoknak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámmal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokkal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámért",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokért",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámmá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokká",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámként",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokként",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámban",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokban",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámon",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokon",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámnál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoknál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámhoz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokhoz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámból",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokból",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámról",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokról",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámtól",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoktól",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámoké",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dáméi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámokéi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hu-pos-otok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámod",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámunk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaink",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámotok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaitok",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjuk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dámjaik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "dámok",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{alt}}}",
        "head": "",
        "nopalindromecat": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dám (plural dámok)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ok"
      },
      "expansion": "dám (plural dámok)",
      "name": "hu-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "dám"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dámo",
        "2": "o"
      },
      "name": "hu-infl-nom"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1pl_pl": "dámjaink",
        "1pl_sg": "dámunk",
        "1sg_pl": "dámjaim",
        "1sg_sg": "dámom",
        "2pl_pl": "dámjaitok",
        "2pl_sg": "dámotok",
        "2sg_pl": "dámjaid",
        "2sg_sg": "dámod",
        "3pl_pl": "dámjaik",
        "3pl_sg": "dámjuk",
        "3sg_pl": "dámjai",
        "3sg_sg": "dámja",
        "n": "",
        "perspron": ""
      },
      "name": "hu-infl-pos-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hungarian",
  "lang_code": "hu",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Hungarian lemmas",
        "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Hungarian nouns",
        "Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Hungarian terms with quotations",
        "Hungarian three-letter words",
        "Rhymes:Hungarian/aːm",
        "Rhymes:Hungarian/aːm/1 syllable",
        "hu:Cervids"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Future of the Fallow Deer (title of the article)",
          "roman": "A dám jövője",
          "text": "2006, Magyar Vadászlap (Hungarian Hunter Magazine)",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fallow deer (Dama dama)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fallow deer",
          "fallow deer"
        ],
        [
          "Dama dama",
          "Dama dama#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dámvad"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈdaːm]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dám"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Hungarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.