"πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ" meaning in Gothic

See πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Uncertain. There do not appear to be Germanic cognates. Lehmann mentions two etymologies given by early philologists, but "neither proposal [is] cogent" in his view. The first theory holds that the word is, "with loss of w-", to be related to Sanskrit ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ (vαΉ›αΉ‡akti, β€œto turn”) and Ancient Greek ἔργω (Γ©rgō), both said to be from a Proto-Indo-European *wer- (β€œto turn, bend”). The other theory similarly claims loss of w-, noting that the word should be properly reconstructed as *uz-wrugks, but relates it instead to Ancient Greek αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰ (rhΓ©mbō), similarly said (by this etymologist) to be derived from Indo-European *wer-. With neither etymology being particularly persuasive, the provenance of the second element of this word remains elusive. In any case, the first element is the prefix πŒΏπƒ- (us-). Etymology templates: {{uncertain|got}} Uncertain, {{cog|sa|ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ|t=to turn}} Sanskrit ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ (vαΉ›αΉ‡akti, β€œto turn”), {{cog|grc|ἔργω}} Ancient Greek ἔργω (Γ©rgō), {{der|got|ine-pro|*wer-|t=to turn, bend}} Proto-Indo-European *wer- (β€œto turn, bend”), {{cog|grc|αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰}} Ancient Greek αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰ (rhΓ©mbō), {{af|got|πŒΏπƒ-}} πŒΏπƒ- (us-) Head templates: {{got-adj}} πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ β€’ (urrugks) Inflection templates: {{got-decl-adj-a|urrugk}} Forms: urrugks [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ [masculine, nominative, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ° [feminine, nominative, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊ [neuter, nominative, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π„πŒ° [neuter, nominative, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ° [accusative, masculine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ° [accusative, feminine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊ [accusative, neuter, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π„πŒ° [accusative, neuter, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ [genitive, masculine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰πƒ [feminine, genitive, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ [genitive, neuter, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ° [dative, masculine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ [dative, feminine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ° [dative, neuter, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ [masculine, nominative, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πƒ [feminine, nominative, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ° [neuter, nominative, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ [accusative, masculine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πƒ [accusative, feminine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ° [accusative, neuter, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄ [genitive, masculine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰ [feminine, genitive, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄ [genitive, neuter, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ [dative, masculine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ [dative, feminine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ [dative, neuter, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ° [masculine, nominative, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰ [feminine, nominative, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰ [neuter, nominative, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½ [accusative, masculine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½ [accusative, feminine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰ [accusative, neuter, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½πƒ [genitive, masculine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ [feminine, genitive, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½πƒ [genitive, neuter, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½ [dative, masculine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½ [dative, feminine, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½ [dative, neuter, singular], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ [masculine, nominative, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ [feminine, nominative, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πŒ° [neuter, nominative, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ [accusative, feminine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πŒ° [accusative, neuter, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄ [genitive, masculine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½π‰ [feminine, genitive, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄ [genitive, neuter, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ [dative, masculine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒΌ [dative, feminine, plural], πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ [dative, neuter, plural]
  1. (hapax legomenon, uncertain definition) outcast? reprobate? depraved?
    Sense id: en-πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ-got-adj-18nI5UZK Categories (other): Gothic entries with incorrect language header, Gothic hapax legomena, Gothic terms prefixed with πŒΏπƒ-, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "uncertain"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ",
        "t": "to turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ (vαΉ›αΉ‡akti, β€œto turn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔργω"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔργω (Γ©rgō)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wer-",
        "t": "to turn, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wer- (β€œto turn, bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰ (rhΓ©mbō)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "πŒΏπƒ-"
      },
      "expansion": "πŒΏπƒ- (us-)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. There do not appear to be Germanic cognates. Lehmann mentions two etymologies given by early philologists, but \"neither proposal [is] cogent\" in his view. The first theory holds that the word is, \"with loss of w-\", to be related to Sanskrit ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ (vαΉ›αΉ‡akti, β€œto turn”) and Ancient Greek ἔργω (Γ©rgō), both said to be from a Proto-Indo-European *wer- (β€œto turn, bend”). The other theory similarly claims loss of w-, noting that the word should be properly reconstructed as *uz-wrugks, but relates it instead to Ancient Greek αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰ (rhΓ©mbō), similarly said (by this etymologist) to be derived from Indo-European *wer-. With neither etymology being particularly persuasive, the provenance of the second element of this word remains elusive. In any case, the first element is the prefix πŒΏπƒ- (us-).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "urrugks",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "got-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ",
      "roman": "urrugks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊ",
      "roman": "urrugk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π„πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊ",
      "roman": "urrugk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π„πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkaizōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkamma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ",
      "roman": "urrugkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkamma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ",
      "roman": "urrugkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkans",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkaizΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkaizō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkaizΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkins",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkins",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkans",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkōna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkōna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkanΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½π‰",
      "roman": "urrugkōnō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkanΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkōm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ β€’ (urrugks)",
      "name": "got-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urrugk"
      },
      "name": "got-decl-adj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gothic",
  "lang_code": "got",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gothic hapax legomena",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Gothic terms prefixed with πŒΏπƒ-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "outcast? reprobate? depraved?"
      ],
      "id": "en-πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ-got-adj-18nI5UZK",
      "links": [
        [
          "outcast",
          "outcast"
        ],
        [
          "reprobate",
          "reprobate"
        ],
        [
          "depraved",
          "depraved"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "uncertain definition",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(hapax legomenon, uncertain definition) outcast? reprobate? depraved?"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "uncertain"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ",
        "t": "to turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ (vαΉ›αΉ‡akti, β€œto turn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔργω"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔργω (Γ©rgō)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wer-",
        "t": "to turn, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wer- (β€œto turn, bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰ (rhΓ©mbō)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "πŒΏπƒ-"
      },
      "expansion": "πŒΏπƒ- (us-)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. There do not appear to be Germanic cognates. Lehmann mentions two etymologies given by early philologists, but \"neither proposal [is] cogent\" in his view. The first theory holds that the word is, \"with loss of w-\", to be related to Sanskrit ΰ€΅ΰ₯ƒΰ€£ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€€ΰ€Ώ (vαΉ›αΉ‡akti, β€œto turn”) and Ancient Greek ἔργω (Γ©rgō), both said to be from a Proto-Indo-European *wer- (β€œto turn, bend”). The other theory similarly claims loss of w-, noting that the word should be properly reconstructed as *uz-wrugks, but relates it instead to Ancient Greek αΏ₯Ξ­ΞΌΞ²Ο‰ (rhΓ©mbō), similarly said (by this etymologist) to be derived from Indo-European *wer-. With neither etymology being particularly persuasive, the provenance of the second element of this word remains elusive. In any case, the first element is the prefix πŒΏπƒ- (us-).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "urrugks",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "got-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ",
      "roman": "urrugks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊ",
      "roman": "urrugk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π„πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊ",
      "roman": "urrugk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π„πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkaizōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkamma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ",
      "roman": "urrugkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkamma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉ",
      "roman": "urrugkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkans",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkaizΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkaizō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkaizΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkaim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰",
      "roman": "urrugkō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkins",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkins",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkōn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπŒ½",
      "roman": "urrugkin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkans",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkōna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πƒ",
      "roman": "urrugkōns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½πŒ°",
      "roman": "urrugkōna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkanΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒ½π‰",
      "roman": "urrugkōnō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄",
      "roman": "urrugkanΔ“",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπ‰πŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkōm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°πŒΌ",
      "roman": "urrugkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ β€’ (urrugks)",
      "name": "got-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urrugk"
      },
      "name": "got-decl-adj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Gothic",
  "lang_code": "got",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Gothic a-stem adjectives",
        "Gothic adjectives",
        "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Gothic hapax legomena",
        "Gothic lemmas",
        "Gothic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Gothic terms prefixed with πŒΏπƒ-",
        "Gothic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "outcast? reprobate? depraved?"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "outcast",
          "outcast"
        ],
        [
          "reprobate",
          "reprobate"
        ],
        [
          "depraved",
          "depraved"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "uncertain definition",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(hapax legomenon, uncertain definition) outcast? reprobate? depraved?"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπƒ meaning in Gothic (9.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Gothic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (b80cf99 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.