"er-" meaning in German

See er- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

IPA: /ɛɐ̯/, /ɛ/, /ɐ/ Audio: De-er-.ogg
Etymology: From Middle High German er-, from Old High German ir-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-. Cognate with Old Saxon ā-, English a-. Etymology templates: {{dercat|de|gmh|gem-pro|inh=2}}, {{inh|de|gmh|er-}} Middle High German er-, {{der|de|goh|ir-}} Old High German ir-, {{der|de|gmw-pro|*uʀ-}} Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*uz-}} Proto-Germanic *uz-, {{cog|osx|ā-}} Old Saxon ā-, {{cog|en|a-}} English a- Head templates: {{head|de|prefix}} er-
  1. Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates a successful conclusion, leads to the wanted result. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-er--de-prefix-MlnADT8- Categories (other): German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 47 25 28
  2. Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates killing or dying. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-er--de-prefix-PyUzNguQ
  3. Prefix signifying a notion of getting something by some means, usually through conscious effort. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-er--de-prefix-w4UqPlxl
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for er- meaning in German (5.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbarmen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbauen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbeben"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbeten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbetteln"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbeuten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbieten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbitten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbohren"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erborgen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbrausen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbrechen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erbrüten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erdichten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ereignen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfahren"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfassen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfechten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfeilschen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfinden"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfliegen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfochten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfolgen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erforschen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfreuen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfrieren"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfüllen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ergänzen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ergeben"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ergehen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ergründen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erhalten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erhängen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erheben"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erhellen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erhitzen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erhoffen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erhöhen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erholen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erinnern"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erkälten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erkaufen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erkennen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erklären"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erkranken"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erlauben"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erleben"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erledigen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erleichtern"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erleuchten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erlösen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ernähren"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "eröffnen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erpressen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erreichen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erschallen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erscheinen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erschießen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erschöpfen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erschrecken"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erschweren"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ersehnen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ersparen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erstaunen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ertragen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ertrinken"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ertüfteln"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erwähnen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erwarten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erwecken"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erweisen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erweitern"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erwerben"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erzählen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erzeugen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erziehen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erzielen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erzittern"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erzwingen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "er-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German er-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "ir-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ir-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*uʀ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uz-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "ā-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon ā-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "a-"
      },
      "expansion": "English a-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German er-, from Old High German ir-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-. Cognate with Old Saxon ā-, English a-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "er-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 25 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates a successful conclusion, leads to the wanted result."
      ],
      "id": "en-er--de-prefix-MlnADT8-",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "er- + drücken (“to push, squeeze”) → erdrücken (“to squeeze dead”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "er- + frieren (“to freeze”) → erfrieren (“to freeze to death”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates killing or dying."
      ],
      "id": "en-er--de-prefix-PyUzNguQ",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "er- + arbeiten (“to work”) → erarbeiten (“to gain something by means of working for it”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Prefix signifying a notion of getting something by some means, usually through conscious effort."
      ],
      "id": "en-er--de-prefix-w4UqPlxl",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛɐ̯/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɐ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-er-.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/De-er-.ogg/De-er-.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/De-er-.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "German 1-syllable words",
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German lemmas",
    "German prefixes",
    "German terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "German terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "erbarmen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbauen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbeben"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbeten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbetteln"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbeuten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbieten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbitten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbohren"
    },
    {
      "word": "erborgen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbrausen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbrechen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erbrüten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erdichten"
    },
    {
      "word": "ereignen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfahren"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfassen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfechten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfeilschen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfinden"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfliegen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfochten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfolgen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erforschen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfreuen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfrieren"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfüllen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ergänzen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ergeben"
    },
    {
      "word": "ergehen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ergründen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erhalten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erhängen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erheben"
    },
    {
      "word": "erhellen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erhitzen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erhoffen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erhöhen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erholen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erinnern"
    },
    {
      "word": "erkälten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erkaufen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erkennen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erklären"
    },
    {
      "word": "erkranken"
    },
    {
      "word": "erlauben"
    },
    {
      "word": "erleben"
    },
    {
      "word": "erledigen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erleichtern"
    },
    {
      "word": "erleuchten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erlösen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ernähren"
    },
    {
      "word": "eröffnen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erpressen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erreichen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erschallen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erscheinen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erschießen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erschöpfen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erschrecken"
    },
    {
      "word": "erschweren"
    },
    {
      "word": "ersehnen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ersparen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erstaunen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ertragen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ertrinken"
    },
    {
      "word": "ertüfteln"
    },
    {
      "word": "erwähnen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erwarten"
    },
    {
      "word": "erwecken"
    },
    {
      "word": "erweisen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erweitern"
    },
    {
      "word": "erwerben"
    },
    {
      "word": "erzählen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erzeugen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erziehen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erzielen"
    },
    {
      "word": "erzittern"
    },
    {
      "word": "erzwingen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "er-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German er-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "ir-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German ir-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*uʀ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uz-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uz-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "ā-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon ā-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "a-"
      },
      "expansion": "English a-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German er-, from Old High German ir-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-. Cognate with Old Saxon ā-, English a-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "er-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates a successful conclusion, leads to the wanted result."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "er- + drücken (“to push, squeeze”) → erdrücken (“to squeeze dead”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "er- + frieren (“to freeze”) → erfrieren (“to freeze to death”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates killing or dying."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "er- + arbeiten (“to work”) → erarbeiten (“to gain something by means of working for it”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Prefix signifying a notion of getting something by some means, usually through conscious effort."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛɐ̯/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɐ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-er-.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/De-er-.ogg/De-er-.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/De-er-.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.