See ab- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “on”",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "auf-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "rauf-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "hinauf-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "herauf-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "abe, ab"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German abe, ab",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ab"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ab",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ab(a)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ab(a)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ab"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ab",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "off-"
},
"expansion": "English off-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ab, from Middle High German abe, ab, from Old High German ab, from Proto-West Germanic *ab(a), from Proto-Germanic *ab. Compare English off-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ab-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ab"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 2 23 23 24 10 0 0 0 0 2 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 12 20 21 21 9 0 0 0 0 2 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 22 22 23 9 0 0 0 0 1 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 31 30 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ab- + fahren (“to drive”) → abfahren (“to depart, drive away”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ab- + spülen (“to rinse, wash”) → abspülen (“to rinse off, wash off”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Separable verb prefix that indicates removal or quitting, off, away."
],
"id": "en-ab--de-prefix-B7OoDBnS",
"links": [
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"away",
"away"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aus-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 2 23 23 24 10 0 0 0 0 2 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 12 20 21 21 9 0 0 0 0 2 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 22 22 23 9 0 0 0 0 1 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 31 30 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ab- + tauchen (“to dive”) → abtauchen (“to submerge”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Separable verb prefix that indicates a downward movement, down."
],
"id": "en-ab--de-prefix-lDfupPjJ",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hinab-"
},
{
"word": "herab-"
},
{
"word": "runter-"
},
{
"word": "herunter-"
},
{
"word": "hinunter-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 2 23 23 24 10 0 0 0 0 2 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 12 20 21 21 9 0 0 0 0 2 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 22 22 23 9 0 0 0 0 1 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 31 30 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Separable verb prefix that indicates from or of."
],
"id": "en-ab--de-prefix-FYsr4DAp",
"links": [
[
"from",
"from"
],
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 2 23 23 24 10 0 0 0 0 2 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 31 30 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ab- + Art (“kind, sort”) → Abart (“variety, variant, anomality”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ab- + Gott (“God”) → Abgott (“idol; god other than the true God”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ab- + Laut (“sound”) → Ablaut (“ablaut; vowel gradation or alternation”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Noun prefix that indicates being different from the source or deviation."
],
"id": "en-ab--de-prefix-hqHWZSJo",
"links": [
[
"deviation",
"deviation"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ap/",
"tags": [
"Standard-German"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔäpʰ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-German"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ab̥/",
"tags": [
"Switzerland"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-ab-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg/De-ab-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ab-"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “on”",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "auf-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "rauf-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "hinauf-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “up”",
"word": "herauf-"
}
],
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "abe, ab"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German abe, ab",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "ab"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ab",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ab(a)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ab(a)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ab"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ab",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "off-"
},
"expansion": "English off-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ab, from Middle High German abe, ab, from Old High German ab, from Proto-West Germanic *ab(a), from Proto-Germanic *ab. Compare English off-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ab-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ab"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ab- + fahren (“to drive”) → abfahren (“to depart, drive away”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ab- + spülen (“to rinse, wash”) → abspülen (“to rinse off, wash off”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Separable verb prefix that indicates removal or quitting, off, away."
],
"links": [
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"away",
"away"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aus-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ab- + tauchen (“to dive”) → abtauchen (“to submerge”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Separable verb prefix that indicates a downward movement, down."
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hinab-"
},
{
"word": "herab-"
},
{
"word": "runter-"
},
{
"word": "herunter-"
},
{
"word": "hinunter-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Separable verb prefix that indicates from or of."
],
"links": [
[
"from",
"from"
],
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ab- + Art (“kind, sort”) → Abart (“variety, variant, anomality”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ab- + Gott (“God”) → Abgott (“idol; god other than the true God”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ab- + Laut (“sound”) → Ablaut (“ablaut; vowel gradation or alternation”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Noun prefix that indicates being different from the source or deviation."
],
"links": [
[
"deviation",
"deviation"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ap/",
"tags": [
"Standard-German"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔäpʰ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-German"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ab̥/",
"tags": [
"Switzerland"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-ab-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg/De-ab-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ab-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ab- meaning in German (3.2kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "ab-/German/prefix: invalid uppercase tag Standard-German not in or uppercase_tags: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “on”\", \"word\": \"an-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"auf-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"rauf-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"hinauf-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"herauf-\"}], \"categories\": [\"German entries with incorrect language header\", \"German lemmas\", \"German prefixes\", \"German terms derived from Middle High German\", \"German terms derived from Old High German\", \"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"Pages using catfix\", \"Pages with 6 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"gmh\", \"3\": \"abe, ab\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German abe, ab\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"goh\", \"3\": \"ab\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German ab\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*ab(a)\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *ab(a)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*ab\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *ab\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"off-\"}, \"expansion\": \"English off-\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From ab, from Middle High German abe, ab, from Old High German ab, from Proto-West Germanic *ab(a), from Proto-Germanic *ab. Compare English off-.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"prefix\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab-\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"German\", \"lang_code\": \"de\", \"pos\": \"prefix\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"ab\"}], \"senses\": [{\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"ab- + fahren (“to drive”) → abfahren (“to depart, drive away”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"ab- + spülen (“to rinse, wash”) → abspülen (“to rinse off, wash off”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Separable verb prefix that indicates removal or quitting, off, away.\"], \"links\": [[\"off\", \"off\"], [\"away\", \"away\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"aus-\"}], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}, {\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"ab- + tauchen (“to dive”) → abtauchen (“to submerge”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Separable verb prefix that indicates a downward movement, down.\"], \"links\": [[\"down\", \"down\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"hinab-\"}, {\"word\": \"herab-\"}, {\"word\": \"runter-\"}, {\"word\": \"herunter-\"}, {\"word\": \"hinunter-\"}], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Separable verb prefix that indicates from or of.\"], \"links\": [[\"from\", \"from\"], [\"of\", \"of\"]], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}, {\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"ab- + Art (“kind, sort”) → Abart (“variety, variant, anomality”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"ab- + Gott (“God”) → Abgott (“idol; god other than the true God”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"ab- + Laut (“sound”) → Ablaut (“ablaut; vowel gradation or alternation”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Noun prefix that indicates being different from the source or deviation.\"], \"links\": [[\"deviation\", \"deviation\"]], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ap/\", \"tags\": [\"Standard-German\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ʔäpʰ]\", \"tags\": [\"Standard-German\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ab̥/\", \"tags\": [\"Switzerland\"]}, {\"audio\": \"De-ab-.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg/De-ab-.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg\"}], \"word\": \"ab-\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ab-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "ab-/German/prefix: invalid uppercase tag Standard-German not in or uppercase_tags: {\"antonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “on”\", \"word\": \"an-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"auf-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"rauf-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"hinauf-\"}, {\"sense\": \"antonym(s) of “up”\", \"word\": \"herauf-\"}], \"categories\": [\"German entries with incorrect language header\", \"German lemmas\", \"German prefixes\", \"German terms derived from Middle High German\", \"German terms derived from Old High German\", \"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"Pages using catfix\", \"Pages with 6 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"gmh\", \"3\": \"abe, ab\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German abe, ab\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"goh\", \"3\": \"ab\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German ab\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*ab(a)\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *ab(a)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*ab\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *ab\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"off-\"}, \"expansion\": \"English off-\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From ab, from Middle High German abe, ab, from Old High German ab, from Proto-West Germanic *ab(a), from Proto-Germanic *ab. Compare English off-.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"prefix\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab-\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"German\", \"lang_code\": \"de\", \"pos\": \"prefix\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"ab\"}], \"senses\": [{\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"ab- + fahren (“to drive”) → abfahren (“to depart, drive away”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"ab- + spülen (“to rinse, wash”) → abspülen (“to rinse off, wash off”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Separable verb prefix that indicates removal or quitting, off, away.\"], \"links\": [[\"off\", \"off\"], [\"away\", \"away\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"aus-\"}], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}, {\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"ab- + tauchen (“to dive”) → abtauchen (“to submerge”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Separable verb prefix that indicates a downward movement, down.\"], \"links\": [[\"down\", \"down\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"hinab-\"}, {\"word\": \"herab-\"}, {\"word\": \"runter-\"}, {\"word\": \"herunter-\"}, {\"word\": \"hinunter-\"}], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Separable verb prefix that indicates from or of.\"], \"links\": [[\"from\", \"from\"], [\"of\", \"of\"]], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}, {\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"ab- + Art (“kind, sort”) → Abart (“variety, variant, anomality”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"ab- + Gott (“God”) → Abgott (“idol; god other than the true God”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"ab- + Laut (“sound”) → Ablaut (“ablaut; vowel gradation or alternation”)\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Noun prefix that indicates being different from the source or deviation.\"], \"links\": [[\"deviation\", \"deviation\"]], \"tags\": [\"morpheme\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ap/\", \"tags\": [\"Standard-German\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ʔäpʰ]\", \"tags\": [\"Standard-German\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ab̥/\", \"tags\": [\"Switzerland\"]}, {\"audio\": \"De-ab-.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg/De-ab-.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-ab-.ogg\"}], \"word\": \"ab-\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ab-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.