"ლუდი" meaning in Georgian

See ლუდი in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ɫudi]
Etymology: According to Abaev, borrowed from Ossetian *ӕлут (*ælut) (see ӕлутон (æluton)); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut-. That brewing among Georgians has only been popular among highlanders neighbouring Ossetians, coupled with the fact that beer plays a central part in Alanic life and folklore may be a good indicator of the borrowing. Etymology templates: {{bor|ka|os||*ӕлут}} Ossetian *ӕлут (*ælut), {{der|ka|ine-pro|*h₂elut-}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- Head templates: {{ka-noun|-}} ლუდი • (ludi) (uncountable) Inflection templates: {{ka-decl-noun|-}} Forms: ludi [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], ლუდი [nominative, singular], ლუდმა [ergative, singular], ლუდს [dative, singular], ლუდს [dative, singular], ლუდსაs) [dative, singular], ლუდსაsa) [dative, singular], ლუდის [genitive, singular], ლუდის [genitive, singular], ლუდისაs) [genitive, singular], ლუდისაsa) [genitive, singular], ლუდით [instrumental, singular], ლუდით [instrumental, singular], ლუდითაt) [instrumental, singular], ლუდითაta) [instrumental, singular], - [archaic, instrumental, plural], ლუდად [adverbial, singular], ლუდად [adverbial, singular], ლუდადაd) [adverbial, singular], ლუდადაda) [adverbial, singular], - [adverbial, archaic, plural], ლუდო [singular, vocative], no-table-tags [table-tags], ლუდზე [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდთან [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდში [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდივით [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდისთვის [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდისებრ [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდისკენ [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდისგან [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდისადმი [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდიდან [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდითურთ [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ლუდამდე [error-unrecognized-form, singular], ალუდი [alternative]
  1. beer Tags: uncountable
    Sense id: en-ლუდი-ka-noun-HYtM-FTN Categories (other): Georgian entries with incorrect language header, Georgian links with redundant alt parameters, Georgian links with redundant wikilinks, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "os",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ӕлут"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian *ӕлут (*ælut)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂elut-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Abaev, borrowed from Ossetian *ӕлут (*ælut) (see ӕлутон (æluton)); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut-. That brewing among Georgians has only been popular among highlanders neighbouring Ossetians, coupled with the fact that beer plays a central part in Alanic life and folklore may be a good indicator of the borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ludi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ka-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდი",
      "roman": "ludi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდმა",
      "roman": "ludma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდს",
      "roman": "luds",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდს",
      "roman": "ludsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდსაs)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდსაsa)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდის",
      "roman": "ludis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდის",
      "roman": "ludisa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისაs)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისაsa)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდით",
      "roman": "ludit",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდით",
      "roman": "ludita",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდითაt)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდითაta)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდად",
      "roman": "ludad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდად",
      "roman": "ludada",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდადაd)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდადაda)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "archaic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდო",
      "roman": "ludo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ka-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდზე",
      "roman": "ludze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდთან",
      "roman": "ludtan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდში",
      "roman": "ludši",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდივით",
      "roman": "ludivit",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისთვის",
      "roman": "ludistvis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისებრ",
      "roman": "ludisebr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისკენ",
      "roman": "ludisḳen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისგან",
      "roman": "ludisgan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისადმი",
      "roman": "ludisadmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდიდან",
      "roman": "ludidan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდითურთ",
      "roman": "luditurt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდამდე",
      "roman": "ludamde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ალუდი",
      "roman": "aludi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "ლუდი • (ludi) (uncountable)",
      "name": "ka-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ლუ‧დი"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "name": "ka-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Georgian",
  "lang_code": "ka",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Georgian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Georgian links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Georgian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beer"
      ],
      "id": "en-ლუდი-ka-noun-HYtM-FTN",
      "links": [
        [
          "beer",
          "beer"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɫudi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ლუდი"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "os",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ӕлут"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian *ӕлут (*ælut)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂elut-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Abaev, borrowed from Ossetian *ӕлут (*ælut) (see ӕлутон (æluton)); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut-. That brewing among Georgians has only been popular among highlanders neighbouring Ossetians, coupled with the fact that beer plays a central part in Alanic life and folklore may be a good indicator of the borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ludi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ka-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდი",
      "roman": "ludi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდმა",
      "roman": "ludma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდს",
      "roman": "luds",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდს",
      "roman": "ludsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდსაs)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდსაsa)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდის",
      "roman": "ludis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდის",
      "roman": "ludisa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისაs)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისაsa)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდით",
      "roman": "ludit",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდით",
      "roman": "ludita",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდითაt)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდითაta)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდად",
      "roman": "ludad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდად",
      "roman": "ludada",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდადაd)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდადაda)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "archaic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდო",
      "roman": "ludo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ka-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდზე",
      "roman": "ludze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდთან",
      "roman": "ludtan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდში",
      "roman": "ludši",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდივით",
      "roman": "ludivit",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისთვის",
      "roman": "ludistvis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისებრ",
      "roman": "ludisebr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისკენ",
      "roman": "ludisḳen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისგან",
      "roman": "ludisgan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდისადმი",
      "roman": "ludisadmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდიდან",
      "roman": "ludidan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდითურთ",
      "roman": "luditurt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ლუდამდე",
      "roman": "ludamde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ალუდი",
      "roman": "aludi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "ლუდი • (ludi) (uncountable)",
      "name": "ka-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ლუ‧დი"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "name": "ka-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Georgian",
  "lang_code": "ka",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Georgian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Georgian lemmas",
        "Georgian links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Georgian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Georgian nouns",
        "Georgian terms borrowed from Ossetian",
        "Georgian terms derived from Ossetian",
        "Georgian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Georgian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Georgian uncountable nouns",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beer",
          "beer"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɫudi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ლუდი"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ლუდი meaning in Georgian (5.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'dative-case postpositions'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-ზე (-ze, “on”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-თან (-tan, “near”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-ში (-ši, “in”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-ვით (-vit, “like”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-case postpositions'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-თვის (-tvis, “for”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-ებრ (-ebr, “like”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-კენ (-ḳen, “towards”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-გან (-gan, “from/of”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'instrumental-case postpositions'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-დან (-dan, “from/since”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-ურთ (-urt, “together with”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'adverbial-case postpositions'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '-მდე (-mde, “up to”)'",
  "path": [
    "ლუდი"
  ],
  "section": "Georgian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ლუდი",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Georgian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.