"plier" meaning in French

See plier in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /pli.je/ Audio: Fr-plier.ogg , LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-plier.wav [Switzerland, Valais], LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-plier.wav [France, Vosges], LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-plier.wav [France, Lyon], LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-plier.wav [France] (note: Somain)
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French plier, from Old French pleier, ploiier, from Latin plicāre. Etymology templates: {{ety|fr|:inh|frm:plier}} [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "fold", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pel-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*pleḱ-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "plicō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "ploiier", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "plier", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "plier", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="plier">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|plier|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French plier, {{inh+|fr|frm|plier}} Inherited from Middle French plier, {{inh|fr|fro|pleier}} Old French pleier, {{inh|fr|la|plicō|plicāre}} Latin plicāre Head templates: {{fr-verb}} plier Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], plier [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], pliant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], plié [participle, past], plie [first-person, indicative, present, singular], plies [indicative, present, second-person, singular], plie [indicative, present, singular, third-person], plions [first-person, indicative, plural, present], pliez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], plient [indicative, plural, present, third-person], pliais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], pliais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], pliait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], pliions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], pliiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], pliaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], pliai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], plias [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], plia [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], pliâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], pliâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], plièrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], plierai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], plieras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], pliera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], plierons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], plierez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], plieront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], plierais [conditional, first-person, singular], plierais [conditional, second-person, singular], plierait [conditional, singular, third-person], plierions [conditional, first-person, plural], plieriez [conditional, plural, second-person], plieraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], plie [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], plies [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], plie [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pliions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], pliiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], plient [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], pliasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], pliasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pliât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pliassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], pliassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pliassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], plie [imperative, second-person, singular], plions [first-person, imperative, plural], pliez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (transitive) to fold (bend (something) over; arrange by folding) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-plier-fr-verb-vzOGBRb- Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 24 26 10 21 19
  2. to fold up
    Sense id: en-plier-fr-verb-YyN-UwPP Categories (other): French entries with etymon, French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with etymon: 15 30 12 23 21 Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 24 26 10 21 19 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 16 29 12 23 21
  3. to bend
    Sense id: en-plier-fr-verb-ZsIWzAtu Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 24 26 10 21 19
  4. to mess up; to do in; to damage
    Sense id: en-plier-fr-verb-MbQoWhOg Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 24 26 10 21 19
  5. (figuratively) to kill, kill off (a game) Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-plier-fr-verb-bkMllwBW Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 24 26 10 21 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: déplier, plier bagage, replier, se plier en quatre Related terms: ployer

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "déplier"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "plier bagage"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "replier"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "se plier en quatre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "frm:plier"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fold\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pel-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pleḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"plicō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"ploiier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"plier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"plier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"plier\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "plier",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French plier",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "plier"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French plier",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pleier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pleier",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "plicō",
        "4": "plicāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin plicāre",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French plier, from Old French pleier, ploiier, from Latin plicāre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliant",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plié",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plies",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plient",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliais",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliais",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliait",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliiez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliaient",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliai",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plias",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plia",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliâmes",
      "ipa": "/pli.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliâtes",
      "ipa": "/pli.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plièrent",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierai",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieras",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliera",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierons",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierez",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieront",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierais",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierais",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierait",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierions",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieriez",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieraient",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plies",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliiez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plient",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliasse",
      "ipa": "/pli.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliasses",
      "ipa": "/pli.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliât",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliassions",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliassiez",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliassent",
      "ipa": "/pli.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "plier",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ployer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 10 21 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fold (bend (something) over; arrange by folding)"
      ],
      "id": "en-plier-fr-verb-vzOGBRb-",
      "links": [
        [
          "fold",
          "fold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fold (bend (something) over; arrange by folding)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 30 12 23 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 10 21 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 29 12 23 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fold up"
      ],
      "id": "en-plier-fr-verb-YyN-UwPP",
      "links": [
        [
          "fold up",
          "fold up"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 10 21 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bend"
      ],
      "id": "en-plier-fr-verb-ZsIWzAtu",
      "links": [
        [
          "bend",
          "bend"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 10 21 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to mess up; to do in; to damage"
      ],
      "id": "en-plier-fr-verb-MbQoWhOg",
      "links": [
        [
          "mess up",
          "mess up"
        ],
        [
          "do in",
          "do in"
        ],
        [
          "damage",
          "damage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 10 21 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kill, kill off (a game)"
      ],
      "id": "en-plier-fr-verb-bkMllwBW",
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ],
        [
          "kill off",
          "kill off"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to kill, kill off (a game)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pli.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-plier.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Fr-plier.ogg/Fr-plier.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Fr-plier.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Switzerland",
        "Valais"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "plier"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French entries with etymon",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pel- (fold)",
    "French terms inherited from Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "déplier"
    },
    {
      "word": "plier bagage"
    },
    {
      "word": "replier"
    },
    {
      "word": "se plier en quatre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "frm:plier"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fold\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pel-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pleḱ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"plicō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"ploiier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"plier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"plier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"plier\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "plier",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French plier",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "plier"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French plier",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pleier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pleier",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "plicō",
        "4": "plicāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin plicāre",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French plier, from Old French pleier, ploiier, from Latin plicāre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliant",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plié",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plies",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plient",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliais",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliais",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliait",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliiez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliaient",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliai",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plias",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plia",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliâmes",
      "ipa": "/pli.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliâtes",
      "ipa": "/pli.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plièrent",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierai",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieras",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliera",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierons",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierez",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieront",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierais",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierais",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierait",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plierions",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieriez",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plieraient",
      "ipa": "/pli.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plies",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliiez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plient",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliasse",
      "ipa": "/pli.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliasses",
      "ipa": "/pli.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliât",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliassions",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliassiez",
      "ipa": "/pli.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliassent",
      "ipa": "/pli.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plie",
      "ipa": "/pli/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plions",
      "ipa": "/pli.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pliez",
      "ipa": "/pli.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "plier",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ployer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fold (bend (something) over; arrange by folding)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fold",
          "fold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fold (bend (something) over; arrange by folding)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to fold up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fold up",
          "fold up"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to bend"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bend",
          "bend"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to mess up; to do in; to damage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mess up",
          "mess up"
        ],
        [
          "do in",
          "do in"
        ],
        [
          "damage",
          "damage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to kill, kill off (a game)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ],
        [
          "kill off",
          "kill off"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) to kill, kill off (a game)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pli.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-plier.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Fr-plier.ogg/Fr-plier.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Fr-plier.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Switzerland",
        "Valais"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-plier.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav.mp3",
      "note": "Somain",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-plier.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "plier"
}

Download raw JSONL data for plier meaning in French (13.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.