"-ing" meaning in French

See -ing in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /iŋ(ɡ)/, /ɪŋ/ [Canada] Forms: -ings [plural]
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from English -ing. Etymology templates: {{ety|fr|:ubor|en:-ing}} [Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ing", "status" : "ambiguous", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword" : "ubor" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-ing", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="-ing">, {{ubor|fr|en|-ing}} Unadapted borrowing from English -ing Head templates: {{fr-noun|m}} -ing m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ings)
  1. (productive) Used to form verbal nouns from verbs Tags: masculine, morpheme
    Sense id: en--ing-fr-suffix-S0jTeZ9n Categories (other): French entries referencing ambiguous etymons, French entries with etymon, French entries with incorrect language header, Pages using catfix, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 25 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon Derived forms: acting, action painting, amazing, ambush marketing, art street fighting, banking, bashing, beatboxing, benchmarking, bending, betting, binge drinking, blogging, bodybuilding, bookmaking, booming, boxing, brainstorming, brushing, bullying, busing, camping, canaping, carjacking, car-jacking, casting, circuit bending, clogging, closing, clubbing, computing, consulting, cost killing, cost-cutting, cottaging, couch surfing, couch-surfing, creative thinking, crowdfunding, crowdsourcing, curling, cybersquatting, dancing, datamining, doctor shopping, downsizing, dressing, dripping, e-bullying, e-learning, editing, fact-checking, featuring, feeling, fishing, folding, fooding, French bashing, fronting, gagging, gaming, gardening, greenwashing, grooming, hacking, happy ending, headbanging, high frequency trading, hijacking, home-jacking, housing first, including, iteming, kickboxing, kick boxing, kidding, legging, levelling up, lobbying, mailing list, mapping, marketing, mastering, matching, meeting, microblogging, miscasting, name dropping, name-dropping, nightclubbing, night-clubbing, operating system, overbooking, padding, parking, parking day, piercing, pricing, pro-gaming, quantitative easing, rafting, ranking, relooking, reporting, retrogaming, ruling class, running, running gag, setting, shooting, shopping, short selling, skate painting, skate-painting, sleeping partner, snacking, songwriting, soundpainting, speed dating, speed-dating, spinning, sporting club, starring, storytelling, strapping, streaming, streamlining, street painting, surfing, tap dancing, testing, tracklisting, trigging, twittering, uploading, vetting, voice acting, waterboarding, wishful thinking, wording, working, wrestling
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":ubor",
        "3": "en:-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-ing\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English -ing",
      "name": "ubor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ings)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 25 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "acting"
        },
        {
          "word": "action painting"
        },
        {
          "word": "amazing"
        },
        {
          "word": "ambush marketing"
        },
        {
          "word": "art street fighting"
        },
        {
          "word": "banking"
        },
        {
          "word": "bashing"
        },
        {
          "word": "beatboxing"
        },
        {
          "word": "benchmarking"
        },
        {
          "word": "bending"
        },
        {
          "word": "betting"
        },
        {
          "word": "binge drinking"
        },
        {
          "word": "blogging"
        },
        {
          "word": "bodybuilding"
        },
        {
          "word": "bookmaking"
        },
        {
          "word": "booming"
        },
        {
          "word": "boxing"
        },
        {
          "word": "brainstorming"
        },
        {
          "word": "brushing"
        },
        {
          "word": "bullying"
        },
        {
          "word": "busing"
        },
        {
          "word": "camping"
        },
        {
          "word": "canaping"
        },
        {
          "word": "carjacking"
        },
        {
          "word": "car-jacking"
        },
        {
          "word": "casting"
        },
        {
          "word": "circuit bending"
        },
        {
          "word": "clogging"
        },
        {
          "word": "closing"
        },
        {
          "word": "clubbing"
        },
        {
          "word": "computing"
        },
        {
          "word": "consulting"
        },
        {
          "word": "cost killing"
        },
        {
          "word": "cost-cutting"
        },
        {
          "word": "cottaging"
        },
        {
          "word": "couch surfing"
        },
        {
          "word": "couch-surfing"
        },
        {
          "word": "creative thinking"
        },
        {
          "word": "crowdfunding"
        },
        {
          "word": "crowdsourcing"
        },
        {
          "word": "curling"
        },
        {
          "word": "cybersquatting"
        },
        {
          "word": "dancing"
        },
        {
          "word": "datamining"
        },
        {
          "word": "doctor shopping"
        },
        {
          "word": "downsizing"
        },
        {
          "word": "dressing"
        },
        {
          "word": "dripping"
        },
        {
          "word": "e-bullying"
        },
        {
          "word": "e-learning"
        },
        {
          "word": "editing"
        },
        {
          "word": "fact-checking"
        },
        {
          "word": "featuring"
        },
        {
          "word": "feeling"
        },
        {
          "word": "fishing"
        },
        {
          "word": "folding"
        },
        {
          "word": "fooding"
        },
        {
          "word": "French bashing"
        },
        {
          "word": "fronting"
        },
        {
          "word": "gagging"
        },
        {
          "word": "gaming"
        },
        {
          "word": "gardening"
        },
        {
          "word": "greenwashing"
        },
        {
          "word": "grooming"
        },
        {
          "word": "hacking"
        },
        {
          "word": "happy ending"
        },
        {
          "word": "headbanging"
        },
        {
          "word": "high frequency trading"
        },
        {
          "word": "hijacking"
        },
        {
          "word": "home-jacking"
        },
        {
          "word": "housing first"
        },
        {
          "word": "including"
        },
        {
          "word": "iteming"
        },
        {
          "word": "kickboxing"
        },
        {
          "word": "kick boxing"
        },
        {
          "word": "kidding"
        },
        {
          "word": "legging"
        },
        {
          "word": "levelling up"
        },
        {
          "word": "lobbying"
        },
        {
          "word": "mailing list"
        },
        {
          "word": "mapping"
        },
        {
          "word": "marketing"
        },
        {
          "word": "mastering"
        },
        {
          "word": "matching"
        },
        {
          "word": "meeting"
        },
        {
          "word": "microblogging"
        },
        {
          "word": "miscasting"
        },
        {
          "word": "name dropping"
        },
        {
          "word": "name-dropping"
        },
        {
          "word": "nightclubbing"
        },
        {
          "word": "night-clubbing"
        },
        {
          "word": "operating system"
        },
        {
          "word": "overbooking"
        },
        {
          "word": "padding"
        },
        {
          "word": "parking"
        },
        {
          "word": "parking day"
        },
        {
          "word": "piercing"
        },
        {
          "word": "pricing"
        },
        {
          "word": "pro-gaming"
        },
        {
          "word": "quantitative easing"
        },
        {
          "word": "rafting"
        },
        {
          "word": "ranking"
        },
        {
          "word": "relooking"
        },
        {
          "word": "reporting"
        },
        {
          "word": "retrogaming"
        },
        {
          "word": "ruling class"
        },
        {
          "word": "running"
        },
        {
          "word": "running gag"
        },
        {
          "word": "setting"
        },
        {
          "word": "shooting"
        },
        {
          "word": "shopping"
        },
        {
          "word": "short selling"
        },
        {
          "word": "skate painting"
        },
        {
          "word": "skate-painting"
        },
        {
          "word": "sleeping partner"
        },
        {
          "word": "snacking"
        },
        {
          "word": "songwriting"
        },
        {
          "word": "soundpainting"
        },
        {
          "word": "speed dating"
        },
        {
          "word": "speed-dating"
        },
        {
          "word": "spinning"
        },
        {
          "word": "sporting club"
        },
        {
          "word": "starring"
        },
        {
          "word": "storytelling"
        },
        {
          "word": "strapping"
        },
        {
          "word": "streaming"
        },
        {
          "word": "streamlining"
        },
        {
          "word": "street painting"
        },
        {
          "word": "surfing"
        },
        {
          "word": "tap dancing"
        },
        {
          "word": "testing"
        },
        {
          "word": "tracklisting"
        },
        {
          "word": "trigging"
        },
        {
          "word": "twittering"
        },
        {
          "word": "uploading"
        },
        {
          "word": "vetting"
        },
        {
          "word": "voice acting"
        },
        {
          "word": "waterboarding"
        },
        {
          "word": "wishful thinking"
        },
        {
          "word": "wording"
        },
        {
          "word": "working"
        },
        {
          "word": "wrestling"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form verbal nouns from verbs"
      ],
      "id": "en--ing-fr-suffix-S0jTeZ9n",
      "links": [
        [
          "verbal noun",
          "verbal noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(productive) Used to form verbal nouns from verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/iŋ(ɡ)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ing"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "acting"
    },
    {
      "word": "action painting"
    },
    {
      "word": "amazing"
    },
    {
      "word": "ambush marketing"
    },
    {
      "word": "art street fighting"
    },
    {
      "word": "banking"
    },
    {
      "word": "bashing"
    },
    {
      "word": "beatboxing"
    },
    {
      "word": "benchmarking"
    },
    {
      "word": "bending"
    },
    {
      "word": "betting"
    },
    {
      "word": "binge drinking"
    },
    {
      "word": "blogging"
    },
    {
      "word": "bodybuilding"
    },
    {
      "word": "bookmaking"
    },
    {
      "word": "booming"
    },
    {
      "word": "boxing"
    },
    {
      "word": "brainstorming"
    },
    {
      "word": "brushing"
    },
    {
      "word": "bullying"
    },
    {
      "word": "busing"
    },
    {
      "word": "camping"
    },
    {
      "word": "canaping"
    },
    {
      "word": "carjacking"
    },
    {
      "word": "car-jacking"
    },
    {
      "word": "casting"
    },
    {
      "word": "circuit bending"
    },
    {
      "word": "clogging"
    },
    {
      "word": "closing"
    },
    {
      "word": "clubbing"
    },
    {
      "word": "computing"
    },
    {
      "word": "consulting"
    },
    {
      "word": "cost killing"
    },
    {
      "word": "cost-cutting"
    },
    {
      "word": "cottaging"
    },
    {
      "word": "couch surfing"
    },
    {
      "word": "couch-surfing"
    },
    {
      "word": "creative thinking"
    },
    {
      "word": "crowdfunding"
    },
    {
      "word": "crowdsourcing"
    },
    {
      "word": "curling"
    },
    {
      "word": "cybersquatting"
    },
    {
      "word": "dancing"
    },
    {
      "word": "datamining"
    },
    {
      "word": "doctor shopping"
    },
    {
      "word": "downsizing"
    },
    {
      "word": "dressing"
    },
    {
      "word": "dripping"
    },
    {
      "word": "e-bullying"
    },
    {
      "word": "e-learning"
    },
    {
      "word": "editing"
    },
    {
      "word": "fact-checking"
    },
    {
      "word": "featuring"
    },
    {
      "word": "feeling"
    },
    {
      "word": "fishing"
    },
    {
      "word": "folding"
    },
    {
      "word": "fooding"
    },
    {
      "word": "French bashing"
    },
    {
      "word": "fronting"
    },
    {
      "word": "gagging"
    },
    {
      "word": "gaming"
    },
    {
      "word": "gardening"
    },
    {
      "word": "greenwashing"
    },
    {
      "word": "grooming"
    },
    {
      "word": "hacking"
    },
    {
      "word": "happy ending"
    },
    {
      "word": "headbanging"
    },
    {
      "word": "high frequency trading"
    },
    {
      "word": "hijacking"
    },
    {
      "word": "home-jacking"
    },
    {
      "word": "housing first"
    },
    {
      "word": "including"
    },
    {
      "word": "iteming"
    },
    {
      "word": "kickboxing"
    },
    {
      "word": "kick boxing"
    },
    {
      "word": "kidding"
    },
    {
      "word": "legging"
    },
    {
      "word": "levelling up"
    },
    {
      "word": "lobbying"
    },
    {
      "word": "mailing list"
    },
    {
      "word": "mapping"
    },
    {
      "word": "marketing"
    },
    {
      "word": "mastering"
    },
    {
      "word": "matching"
    },
    {
      "word": "meeting"
    },
    {
      "word": "microblogging"
    },
    {
      "word": "miscasting"
    },
    {
      "word": "name dropping"
    },
    {
      "word": "name-dropping"
    },
    {
      "word": "nightclubbing"
    },
    {
      "word": "night-clubbing"
    },
    {
      "word": "operating system"
    },
    {
      "word": "overbooking"
    },
    {
      "word": "padding"
    },
    {
      "word": "parking"
    },
    {
      "word": "parking day"
    },
    {
      "word": "piercing"
    },
    {
      "word": "pricing"
    },
    {
      "word": "pro-gaming"
    },
    {
      "word": "quantitative easing"
    },
    {
      "word": "rafting"
    },
    {
      "word": "ranking"
    },
    {
      "word": "relooking"
    },
    {
      "word": "reporting"
    },
    {
      "word": "retrogaming"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruling class"
    },
    {
      "word": "running"
    },
    {
      "word": "running gag"
    },
    {
      "word": "setting"
    },
    {
      "word": "shooting"
    },
    {
      "word": "shopping"
    },
    {
      "word": "short selling"
    },
    {
      "word": "skate painting"
    },
    {
      "word": "skate-painting"
    },
    {
      "word": "sleeping partner"
    },
    {
      "word": "snacking"
    },
    {
      "word": "songwriting"
    },
    {
      "word": "soundpainting"
    },
    {
      "word": "speed dating"
    },
    {
      "word": "speed-dating"
    },
    {
      "word": "spinning"
    },
    {
      "word": "sporting club"
    },
    {
      "word": "starring"
    },
    {
      "word": "storytelling"
    },
    {
      "word": "strapping"
    },
    {
      "word": "streaming"
    },
    {
      "word": "streamlining"
    },
    {
      "word": "street painting"
    },
    {
      "word": "surfing"
    },
    {
      "word": "tap dancing"
    },
    {
      "word": "testing"
    },
    {
      "word": "tracklisting"
    },
    {
      "word": "trigging"
    },
    {
      "word": "twittering"
    },
    {
      "word": "uploading"
    },
    {
      "word": "vetting"
    },
    {
      "word": "voice acting"
    },
    {
      "word": "waterboarding"
    },
    {
      "word": "wishful thinking"
    },
    {
      "word": "wording"
    },
    {
      "word": "working"
    },
    {
      "word": "wrestling"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":ubor",
        "3": "en:-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-ing\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-ing\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English -ing",
      "name": "ubor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ings)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 1-syllable words",
        "French countable suffixes",
        "French entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
        "French entries with etymon",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French lemmas",
        "French masculine suffixes",
        "French noun-forming suffixes",
        "French suffixes",
        "French terms borrowed from English",
        "French terms derived from English",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French unadapted borrowings from English",
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 25 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymon"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form verbal nouns from verbs"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "verbal noun",
          "verbal noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(productive) Used to form verbal nouns from verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/iŋ(ɡ)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ing"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ing meaning in French (5.1kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
  "path": [
    "-ing"
  ],
  "section": "French",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-ing",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.