See paha in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*paha"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *paha",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"tr": "*bāga-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse [script needed] (*bāga-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bēgaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bēgaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *paha, borrowed from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*bāga-), from Proto-Germanic *bēgaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "paha",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pahem",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kõige pahem",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-sõna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "17u/sõna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahasid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"11": "comparative",
"12": "pahem",
"13": "superlative",
"14": "kõige pahem",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "adjectives",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "paha",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "paha",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"f5accel-form": "comparative",
"f6accel-form": "superlative",
"f6nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "paha (genitive paha, partitive paha, comparative pahem, superlative kõige pahem)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "paha",
"2": "paha",
"c": "pahem"
},
"expansion": "paha (genitive paha, partitive paha, comparative pahem, superlative kõige pahem)",
"name": "et-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "paha"
},
"name": "et-decl-sõna"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian sõna-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"id": "en-paha-et-adj-LwXUtonS",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian sõna-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evil"
],
"id": "en-paha-et-adj-tcH7Lvxt",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
}
],
"word": "paha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian adjectives",
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian sõna-type nominals",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Norse",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Proto-Norse terms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*paha"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *paha",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"tr": "*bāga-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse [script needed] (*bāga-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bēgaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bēgaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *paha, borrowed from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*bāga-), from Proto-Germanic *bēgaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "paha",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pahem",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kõige pahem",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-sõna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "17u/sõna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahasid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "pahana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pahaga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pahadega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"11": "comparative",
"12": "pahem",
"13": "superlative",
"14": "kõige pahem",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "adjectives",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "paha",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "paha",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"f5accel-form": "comparative",
"f6accel-form": "superlative",
"f6nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "paha (genitive paha, partitive paha, comparative pahem, superlative kõige pahem)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "paha",
"2": "paha",
"c": "pahem"
},
"expansion": "paha (genitive paha, partitive paha, comparative pahem, superlative kõige pahem)",
"name": "et-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "paha"
},
"name": "et-decl-sõna"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"evil"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
}
],
"word": "paha"
}
Download raw JSONL data for paha meaning in Estonian (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Estonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.