"lumi" meaning in Estonian

See lumi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈlumi/, [ˈlumi] Audio: Et-lumi.ogg
Rhymes: -umi Etymology: From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome. Cognates include Finnish, Võro, Votic, Ingrian, Livvi, Karelian, and Veps lumi, Livonian lum; Southern Sami lopme (from Proto-Samic *lomë); Erzya and Moksha лов (lov); Eastern Mari лум (lum), Western Mari лым (lym); Komi-Zyrian лым (lym), Udmurt лымы (lymy); Tundra Nenets ёмзесь (yomzyesʹ°), [script needed] (jomća’, “light snowfall”), Nganasan дӱм (ďúm, “snowfall”), Southern Selkup чом- (ćom, “to snow”), and possibly also dialectal/dated Hungarian lom (“rime; hoarfrost”). Irregularly, the final consonant of the stem changes *m > n in the partitive singular, due to assimilation. Etymology templates: {{inh|et|urj-fin-pro|*lumi}} Proto-Finnic *lumi, {{inh|et|urj-pro|*lome}} Proto-Uralic *lome, {{cog|fi,vro,vot,izh,olo,krl,vep|lumi}} Finnish, Võro, Votic, Ingrian, Livvi, Karelian, and Veps lumi, {{cog|liv|lum}} Livonian lum, {{cog|sma|lopme}} Southern Sami lopme, {{inh|se|smi-pro|*lomë|nocat=1}} Proto-Samic *lomë, {{cog|myv,mdf|лов}} Erzya and Moksha лов (lov), {{cog|mhr|лум}} Eastern Mari лум (lum), {{cog|mrj|лым}} Western Mari лым (lym), {{cog|kpv|лым}} Komi-Zyrian лым (lym), {{cog|udm|лымы}} Udmurt лымы (lymy), {{cog|yrk|ёмзесь||}} Tundra Nenets ёмзесь (yomzyesʹ°), {{m|yrk|t=light snowfall|tr=jomća’}} [script needed] (jomća’, “light snowfall”), {{cog|nio|дӱм|t=snowfall|tr=ďúm}} Nganasan дӱм (ďúm, “snowfall”), {{cog|sel-sou|чомгу|чом-|t=to snow|tr=ćom}} Southern Selkup чом- (ćom, “to snow”), {{cog|hu|lom||rime; hoarfrost}} Hungarian lom (“rime; hoarfrost”) Head templates: {{head|et|nouns|genitive|lume|||partitive|lund|||cat2=|f1request=1|f3request=1|head=}} lumi (genitive lume, partitive lund), {{et-noun|lume|lund}} lumi (genitive lume, partitive lund) Inflection templates: {{et-decl-meri|lum}} Forms: lume [genitive], lund [partitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], lumi [nominative, singular], lumed [nominative, plural], lumi [accusative, nominative, singular], lumed [accusative, nominative, plural], lume [accusative, genitive, singular], lumed [accusative, genitive, plural], lume [genitive, singular], lumede [genitive, plural], lund [partitive, singular], lumesid [partitive, plural], lumme [illative, singular], lumesse [illative, singular], lumedesse [illative, plural], lumes [inessive, singular], lumedes [inessive, plural], lumest [elative, singular], lumedest [elative, plural], lumele [allative, singular], lumedele [allative, plural], lumel [adessive, singular], lumedel [adessive, plural], lumelt [ablative, singular], lumedelt [ablative, plural], lumeks [singular, translative], lumedeks [plural, translative], lumeni [singular, terminative], lumedeni [plural, terminative], lumena [essive, singular], lumedena [essive, plural], lumeta [abessive, singular], lumedeta [abessive, plural], lumega [comitative, singular], lumedega [comitative, plural]
  1. snow (soft white flakes consisting of ice crystals falling from clouds, mainly in winter; a layer or accumulation of these on the ground or another surface) Categories (topical): Snow
    Sense id: en-lumi-et-noun-Pr2KvKCb Disambiguation of Snow: 48 52 Categories (other): Estonian entries with incorrect language header, Estonian meri-type nominals Disambiguation of Estonian entries with incorrect language header: 94 6 Disambiguation of Estonian meri-type nominals: 89 11
  2. (slang) cocaine Tags: slang Categories (topical): Snow
    Sense id: en-lumi-et-noun-OcetgAxX Disambiguation of Snow: 48 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: lumetama, lumine, ajulumi, hooglumi, igilumi, kidulumi, kunstlumi, pihulumi, sulalumi, sõmerlumi, süsihappelumi, tagilumi, tehislumi, teralumi, tuhklumi, tuisklumi, õielumi, lumeebe, lumeehmes, lumehang, lumehelves, lumehoog, lumeinimene, lumejalats, lumekahjustus, lumekahur, lumekakk, lumekamakas, lumekamp, lumekaos, lumekate, lumekibe, lumeking, lumekirmetis, lumekits, lumeklomp, lumekohr, lumekoorem, lumekoorik, lumekruup, lumekuhjatis, lumekübe, lumelaadur, lumelabidas, lumelage, lumelagendik, lumelagu, lumelagunemine, lumelahmakas, lumelasu, lumelatakas, lumelaud, lumelaviin, lumeleopard, lumelinn, lumelisa, lumelobjakas, lumeloor, lumelödi, lumelöga, lumelörts, lumemees, lumememm, lumeminek, lumemurd, lumemöll, lumemüts, lumeonn, lumeookean, lumepall, lumeparka, lumepihu, lumepiir, lumepilv, lumepime, lumepimestus, lumeprill, lumepuder, lumepuru, lumepuudus, lumepüü, lumeraja, lumeredel, lumerikas, lumerohke, lumeroos, lumerõngas, lumeräitsakas, lumeräitse, lumerüü, lumesadu, lumesahk, lumeskulptuur, lumesulamine, lumesõda, lumetee, lumetekk, lumetolm, lumetorm, lumetuhk, lumetuisk, lumetõke, lumetätar, lumeuputus, lumevaal, lumevaba, lumevaene, lumevaip, lumevalev, lumevall, lumevang, lumevangistus, lumeveere, lumevesi, lumevärav, lumikate, lumikelluke, lumimari, lumionn, lumipesu, lumipimedus, lumivalge

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for lumi meaning in Estonian (12.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetama"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ajulumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hooglumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "igilumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kidulumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kunstlumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pihulumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sulalumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sõmerlumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "süsihappelumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tagilumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tehislumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "teralumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tuhklumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tuisklumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "õielumi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeebe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeehmes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumehang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumehelves"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumehoog"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeinimene"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumejalats"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekahjustus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekahur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekakk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekamakas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekamp"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekaos"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekibe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeking"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekirmetis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekits"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeklomp"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekohr"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekoorem"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekoorik"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekruup"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekuhjatis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumekübe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelaadur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelabidas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelage"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelagendik"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelagu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelagunemine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelahmakas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelasu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelatakas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelaud"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelaviin"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeleopard"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelinn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelisa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelobjakas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeloor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelödi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelöga"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumelörts"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumemees"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumememm"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeminek"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumemurd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumemöll"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumemüts"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeonn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeookean"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepall"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeparka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepihu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepiir"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepilv"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepime"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepimestus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeprill"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepuder"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepuru"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepuudus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumepüü"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeraja"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeredel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumerikas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumerohke"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeroos"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumerõngas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeräitsakas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeräitse"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumerüü"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumesadu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumesahk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeskulptuur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumesulamine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumesõda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetee"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetekk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetolm"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetorm"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetuhk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetuisk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetõke"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumetätar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeuputus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevaal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevaba"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevaene"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevaip"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevalev"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevall"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevangistus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumeveere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevesi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumevärav"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumikate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumikelluke"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumimari"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumionn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumipesu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumipimedus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lumivalge"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*lumi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *lumi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*lome"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *lome",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi,vro,vot,izh,olo,krl,vep",
        "2": "lumi"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish, Võro, Votic, Ingrian, Livvi, Karelian, and Veps lumi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "lum"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian lum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sma",
        "2": "lopme"
      },
      "expansion": "Southern Sami lopme",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "se",
        "2": "smi-pro",
        "3": "*lomë",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Samic *lomë",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv,mdf",
        "2": "лов"
      },
      "expansion": "Erzya and Moksha лов (lov)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mhr",
        "2": "лум"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Mari лум (lum)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mrj",
        "2": "лым"
      },
      "expansion": "Western Mari лым (lym)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kpv",
        "2": "лым"
      },
      "expansion": "Komi-Zyrian лым (lym)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udm",
        "2": "лымы"
      },
      "expansion": "Udmurt лымы (lymy)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yrk",
        "2": "ёмзесь",
        "3": "",
        "4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Tundra Nenets ёмзесь (yomzyesʹ°)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yrk",
        "t": "light snowfall",
        "tr": "jomća’"
      },
      "expansion": "[script needed] (jomća’, “light snowfall”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nio",
        "2": "дӱм",
        "t": "snowfall",
        "tr": "ďúm"
      },
      "expansion": "Nganasan дӱм (ďúm, “snowfall”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sel-sou",
        "2": "чомгу",
        "3": "чом-",
        "t": "to snow",
        "tr": "ćom"
      },
      "expansion": "Southern Selkup чом- (ćom, “to snow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "lom",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rime; hoarfrost"
      },
      "expansion": "Hungarian lom (“rime; hoarfrost”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome. Cognates include Finnish, Võro, Votic, Ingrian, Livvi, Karelian, and Veps lumi, Livonian lum; Southern Sami lopme (from Proto-Samic *lomë); Erzya and Moksha лов (lov); Eastern Mari лум (lum), Western Mari лым (lym); Komi-Zyrian лым (lym), Udmurt лымы (lymy); Tundra Nenets ёмзесь (yomzyesʹ°), [script needed] (jomća’, “light snowfall”), Nganasan дӱм (ďúm, “snowfall”), Southern Selkup чом- (ćom, “to snow”), and possibly also dialectal/dated Hungarian lom (“rime; hoarfrost”).\nIrregularly, the final consonant of the stem changes *m > n in the partitive singular, due to assimilation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lume",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lund",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-meri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "20/meri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumede",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lund",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumesid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "lume",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "lund",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "lumi (genitive lume, partitive lund)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lume",
        "2": "lund"
      },
      "expansion": "lumi (genitive lume, partitive lund)",
      "name": "et-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "lu‧mi"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lum"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-meri"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian meri-type nominals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "et",
          "name": "Snow",
          "orig": "et:Snow",
          "parents": [
            "Water",
            "Weather",
            "Liquids",
            "Atmosphere",
            "Matter",
            "Nature",
            "Chemistry",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to snow, to be snowing (literally, “to precipitate snow”)",
          "text": "lund sadama",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "snow (soft white flakes consisting of ice crystals falling from clouds, mainly in winter; a layer or accumulation of these on the ground or another surface)"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumi-et-noun-Pr2KvKCb",
      "links": [
        [
          "snow",
          "snow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "et",
          "name": "Snow",
          "orig": "et:Snow",
          "parents": [
            "Water",
            "Weather",
            "Liquids",
            "Atmosphere",
            "Matter",
            "Nature",
            "Chemistry",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cocaine"
      ],
      "id": "en-lumi-et-noun-OcetgAxX",
      "links": [
        [
          "cocaine",
          "cocaine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) cocaine"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlumi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlumi]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umi"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Et-lumi.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/Et-lumi.ogg/Et-lumi.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Et-lumi.ogg",
      "text": "Audio:"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "et:Haanja kõrgustik"
  ],
  "word": "lumi"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Estonian lemmas",
    "Estonian meri-type nominals",
    "Estonian nouns",
    "Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
    "Estonian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
    "Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
    "Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
    "Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Estonian terms with audio links",
    "Requests for native script for Tundra Nenets terms",
    "Rhymes:Estonian/umi",
    "Rhymes:Estonian/umi/2 syllables",
    "et:Snow"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "lumetama"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumine"
    },
    {
      "word": "ajulumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "hooglumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "igilumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "kidulumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "kunstlumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "pihulumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "sulalumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "sõmerlumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "süsihappelumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "tagilumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "tehislumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "teralumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "tuhklumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "tuisklumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "õielumi"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeebe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeehmes"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumehang"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumehelves"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumehoog"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeinimene"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumejalats"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekahjustus"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekahur"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekakk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekamakas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekamp"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekaos"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekate"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekibe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeking"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekirmetis"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekits"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeklomp"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekohr"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekoorem"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekoorik"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekruup"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekuhjatis"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumekübe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelaadur"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelabidas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelage"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelagendik"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelagu"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelagunemine"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelahmakas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelasu"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelatakas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelaud"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelaviin"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeleopard"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelinn"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelisa"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelobjakas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeloor"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelödi"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelöga"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumelörts"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumemees"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumememm"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeminek"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumemurd"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumemöll"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumemüts"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeonn"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeookean"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepall"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeparka"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepihu"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepiir"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepilv"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepime"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepimestus"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeprill"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepuder"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepuru"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepuudus"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumepüü"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeraja"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeredel"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumerikas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumerohke"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeroos"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumerõngas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeräitsakas"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeräitse"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumerüü"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumesadu"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumesahk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeskulptuur"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumesulamine"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumesõda"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetee"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetekk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetolm"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetorm"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetuhk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetuisk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetõke"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumetätar"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeuputus"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevaal"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevaba"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevaene"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevaip"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevalev"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevall"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevang"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevangistus"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumeveere"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevesi"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumevärav"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumikate"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumikelluke"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumimari"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumionn"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumipesu"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumipimedus"
    },
    {
      "word": "lumivalge"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*lumi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *lumi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*lome"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *lome",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi,vro,vot,izh,olo,krl,vep",
        "2": "lumi"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish, Võro, Votic, Ingrian, Livvi, Karelian, and Veps lumi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "lum"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian lum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sma",
        "2": "lopme"
      },
      "expansion": "Southern Sami lopme",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "se",
        "2": "smi-pro",
        "3": "*lomë",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Samic *lomë",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv,mdf",
        "2": "лов"
      },
      "expansion": "Erzya and Moksha лов (lov)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mhr",
        "2": "лум"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Mari лум (lum)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mrj",
        "2": "лым"
      },
      "expansion": "Western Mari лым (lym)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kpv",
        "2": "лым"
      },
      "expansion": "Komi-Zyrian лым (lym)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "udm",
        "2": "лымы"
      },
      "expansion": "Udmurt лымы (lymy)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yrk",
        "2": "ёмзесь",
        "3": "",
        "4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Tundra Nenets ёмзесь (yomzyesʹ°)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yrk",
        "t": "light snowfall",
        "tr": "jomća’"
      },
      "expansion": "[script needed] (jomća’, “light snowfall”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nio",
        "2": "дӱм",
        "t": "snowfall",
        "tr": "ďúm"
      },
      "expansion": "Nganasan дӱм (ďúm, “snowfall”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sel-sou",
        "2": "чомгу",
        "3": "чом-",
        "t": "to snow",
        "tr": "ćom"
      },
      "expansion": "Southern Selkup чом- (ćom, “to snow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "lom",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rime; hoarfrost"
      },
      "expansion": "Hungarian lom (“rime; hoarfrost”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *lumi, from Proto-Uralic *lome. Cognates include Finnish, Võro, Votic, Ingrian, Livvi, Karelian, and Veps lumi, Livonian lum; Southern Sami lopme (from Proto-Samic *lomë); Erzya and Moksha лов (lov); Eastern Mari лум (lum), Western Mari лым (lym); Komi-Zyrian лым (lym), Udmurt лымы (lymy); Tundra Nenets ёмзесь (yomzyesʹ°), [script needed] (jomća’, “light snowfall”), Nganasan дӱм (ďúm, “snowfall”), Southern Selkup чом- (ćom, “to snow”), and possibly also dialectal/dated Hungarian lom (“rime; hoarfrost”).\nIrregularly, the final consonant of the stem changes *m > n in the partitive singular, due to assimilation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lume",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lund",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-meri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "20/meri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumed",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumede",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lund",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumesid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lumedega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "lume",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "lund",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "lumi (genitive lume, partitive lund)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lume",
        "2": "lund"
      },
      "expansion": "lumi (genitive lume, partitive lund)",
      "name": "et-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "lu‧mi"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lum"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-meri"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Estonian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to snow, to be snowing (literally, “to precipitate snow”)",
          "text": "lund sadama",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "snow (soft white flakes consisting of ice crystals falling from clouds, mainly in winter; a layer or accumulation of these on the ground or another surface)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "snow",
          "snow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Estonian slang"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cocaine"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cocaine",
          "cocaine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(slang) cocaine"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlumi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlumi]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umi"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Et-lumi.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/87/Et-lumi.ogg/Et-lumi.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Et-lumi.ogg",
      "text": "Audio:"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "et:Haanja kõrgustik"
  ],
  "word": "lumi"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Estonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.