See -us in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-us"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-us",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-uc"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-uc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-us"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -us",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A merger of Proto-Finnic *-us (in the first sense) and Proto-Finnic *-uc (in the second sense). Cognate with Finnish -us.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-use",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "11/harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-useni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "9/katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-useid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-useiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-useni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-use",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-ust",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-us (genitive -use, partitive -ust)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-use",
"2": "-ust",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-us (genitive -use, partitive -ust)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "et-decl-harjutus"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "et-decl-katus"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian harjutus-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian katus-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "armastama \"to love\" → armastus \"love\""
},
{
"text": "võistlema \"to compete\" → võistlus \"competition\""
},
{
"text": "joonistama \"to draw\" → joonistus \"a drawing\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--us-et-suffix-EajQMBix",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian harjutus-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian katus-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "aus \"honest\" → ausus \"honesty\""
},
{
"text": "pikk \"long\" → pikkus \"length\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from adjectives."
],
"id": "en--us-et-suffix-4BQn-X2M",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian harjutus-type nominals",
"Estonian katus-type nominals",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian noun-forming suffixes",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-us"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-us",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-uc"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-uc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-us"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -us",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A merger of Proto-Finnic *-us (in the first sense) and Proto-Finnic *-uc (in the second sense). Cognate with Finnish -us.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-use",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "11/harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-useni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "9/katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-used",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-use",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-useid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-useiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-useni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-usena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-useta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-use",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-ust",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-us (genitive -use, partitive -ust)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-use",
"2": "-ust",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-us (genitive -use, partitive -ust)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "et-decl-harjutus"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "et-decl-katus"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "armastama \"to love\" → armastus \"love\""
},
{
"text": "võistlema \"to compete\" → võistlus \"competition\""
},
{
"text": "joonistama \"to draw\" → joonistus \"a drawing\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "aus \"honest\" → ausus \"honesty\""
},
{
"text": "pikk \"long\" → pikkus \"length\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from adjectives."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-us"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -us meaning in Estonian (8.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Estonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.