"кельме" meaning in Erzya

See кельме in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kelʲmʲe/ Forms: keľme [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma). Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme). Etymology templates: {{inh|myv|urj-mdv-pro|*kelmə}} Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, {{inh|myv|urj-fpr-pro|*külmä}} Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä, {{m|urj-fpr-pro|*kilmä||cold; coldness, frost}} *kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), {{cog|lt|geluma}} Lithuanian geluma, {{cog|fi|kylmä}} Finnish kylmä, {{cog|liv|kīlma}} Livonian kīlma, {{cog|mhr|кылме}} Eastern Mari кылме (kylme) Head templates: {{head|myv|adj}} кельме • (keľme)
  1. cold
    Sense id: en-кельме-myv-adj-4nLe7N5y Categories (other): Erzya entries with incorrect language header, Erzya ki-type nominals Disambiguation of Erzya entries with incorrect language header: 58 42 Disambiguation of Erzya ki-type nominals: 56 44

Noun

IPA: /kelʲmʲe/
Etymology: From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma). Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme). Etymology templates: {{inh|myv|urj-mdv-pro|*kelmə}} Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, {{inh|myv|urj-fpr-pro|*külmä}} Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä, {{m|urj-fpr-pro|*kilmä||cold; coldness, frost}} *kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), {{cog|lt|geluma}} Lithuanian geluma, {{cog|fi|kylmä}} Finnish kylmä, {{cog|liv|kīlma}} Livonian kīlma, {{cog|mhr|кылме}} Eastern Mari кылме (kylme) Head templates: {{head|myv|noun}} кельме • (keľme) Forms: keľme [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], кельме [indefinite, nominative, singular], кельметь [indefinite, nominative, plural], кельмень [genitive, indefinite, singular], - [genitive, indefinite, plural], кельменень [dative, indefinite, singular], - [dative, indefinite, plural], кельмеде [ablative, indefinite, singular], - [ablative, indefinite, plural], кельмесэ [indefinite, inessive, singular], - [indefinite, inessive, plural], кельместэ [elative, indefinite, singular], - [elative, indefinite, plural], кельмес [illative, indefinite, singular], - [illative, indefinite, plural], кельмева [indefinite, prolative, singular], - [indefinite, plural, prolative], кельмекс [indefinite, singular, translative], - [indefinite, plural, translative], кельмешка [comparative, indefinite, singular], - [comparative, indefinite, plural], кельмевтеме [abessive, indefinite, singular], - [abessive, indefinite, plural]
  1. cold
    Sense id: en-кельме-myv-noun-4nLe7N5y Categories (other): Erzya entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Erzya entries with incorrect language header: 58 42

Download JSON data for кельме meaning in Erzya (6.1kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-mdv-pro",
        "3": "*kelmə"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "3": "*külmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "2": "*kilmä",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cold; coldness, frost"
      },
      "expansion": "*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "geluma"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "kylmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "kīlma"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mhr",
        "2": "кылме"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "keľme",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "myv-noun-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельме",
      "roman": "keľme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельметь",
      "roman": "keľmeť",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмень",
      "roman": "keľmeń",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельменень",
      "roman": "keľmeńeń",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмеде",
      "roman": "keľmeďe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмесэ",
      "roman": "keľmese",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельместэ",
      "roman": "keľmeste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмес",
      "roman": "keľmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмева",
      "roman": "keľmeva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмекс",
      "roman": "keľmeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмешка",
      "roman": "keľmeška",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмевтеме",
      "roman": "keľmevťeme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Erzya",
  "lang_code": "myv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Today it is five degrees cold.",
          "roman": "Ťeči veťe gradust keľme .",
          "text": "Течи вете градуст кельме.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "id": "en-кельме-myv-noun-4nLe7N5y",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кельме"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-mdv-pro",
        "3": "*kelmə"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "3": "*külmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "2": "*kilmä",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cold; coldness, frost"
      },
      "expansion": "*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "geluma"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "kylmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "kīlma"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mhr",
        "2": "кылме"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "keľme",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "adj"
      },
      "expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Erzya",
  "lang_code": "myv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Erzya ki-type nominals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to drink cold water",
          "roman": "śimems keľme vedťe",
          "text": "симемс кельме ведте",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "id": "en-кельме-myv-adj-4nLe7N5y",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кельме"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Erzya adjectives",
    "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
    "Erzya ki-type nominals",
    "Erzya lemmas",
    "Erzya nouns",
    "Erzya terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic",
    "Erzya terms derived from Proto-Mordvinic",
    "Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic",
    "Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic",
    "Erzya terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-mdv-pro",
        "3": "*kelmə"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "3": "*külmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "2": "*kilmä",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cold; coldness, frost"
      },
      "expansion": "*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "geluma"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "kylmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "kīlma"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mhr",
        "2": "кылме"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "keľme",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "myv-noun-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельме",
      "roman": "keľme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельметь",
      "roman": "keľmeť",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмень",
      "roman": "keľmeń",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельменень",
      "roman": "keľmeńeń",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмеде",
      "roman": "keľmeďe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмесэ",
      "roman": "keľmese",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельместэ",
      "roman": "keľmeste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмес",
      "roman": "keľmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмева",
      "roman": "keľmeva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмекс",
      "roman": "keľmeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмешка",
      "roman": "keľmeška",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кельмевтеме",
      "roman": "keľmevťeme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Erzya",
  "lang_code": "myv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Erzya terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Today it is five degrees cold.",
          "roman": "Ťeči veťe gradust keľme .",
          "text": "Течи вете градуст кельме.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кельме"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Erzya adjectives",
    "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
    "Erzya ki-type nominals",
    "Erzya lemmas",
    "Erzya nouns",
    "Erzya terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic",
    "Erzya terms derived from Proto-Mordvinic",
    "Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic",
    "Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic",
    "Erzya terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-mdv-pro",
        "3": "*kelmə"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "3": "*külmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "2": "*kilmä",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cold; coldness, frost"
      },
      "expansion": "*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "geluma"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "kylmä"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liv",
        "2": "kīlma"
      },
      "expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mhr",
        "2": "кылме"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "keľme",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "adj"
      },
      "expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Erzya",
  "lang_code": "myv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Erzya terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to drink cold water",
          "roman": "śimems keľme vedťe",
          "text": "симемс кельме ведте",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кельме"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Erzya dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.