See кельме in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*kelmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geluma"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kylmä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "kīlma"
},
"expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "кылме"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keľme",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "small",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кельме",
"roman": "keľme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кельметь",
"roman": "keľmeť",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмень",
"roman": "keľmeń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельменень",
"roman": "keľmeneń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмеде",
"roman": "keľmede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмесэ",
"roman": "keľmesë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельместэ",
"roman": "keľmestë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмес",
"roman": "keľmes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмева",
"roman": "keľmeva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмекс",
"roman": "keľmeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмешка",
"roman": "keľmeška",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмевтеме",
"roman": "keľmevteme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
25,
29
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
18,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
24
]
],
"english": "Today it is five degrees cold.",
"roman": "Teči vete gradust keľme .",
"text": "Течи вете градуст кельме.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"id": "en-кельме-myv-noun-4nLe7N5y",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
}
],
"word": "кельме"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*kelmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geluma"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kylmä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "kīlma"
},
"expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "кылме"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keľme",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "adj"
},
"expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"english": "to drink cold water",
"roman": "simems keľme vedte",
"text": "симемс кельме ведте",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"id": "en-кельме-myv-adj-4nLe7N5y",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
}
],
"word": "кельме"
}
{
"categories": [
"Erzya adjectives",
"Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
"Erzya lemmas",
"Erzya nouns",
"Erzya terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Erzya terms derived from Proto-Mordvinic",
"Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*kelmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geluma"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kylmä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "kīlma"
},
"expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "кылме"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keľme",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "small",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кельме",
"roman": "keľme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кельметь",
"roman": "keľmeť",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмень",
"roman": "keľmeń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельменень",
"roman": "keľmeneń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмеде",
"roman": "keľmede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмесэ",
"roman": "keľmesë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельместэ",
"roman": "keľmestë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмес",
"roman": "keľmes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмева",
"roman": "keľmeva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмекс",
"roman": "keľmeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмешка",
"roman": "keľmeška",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кельмевтеме",
"roman": "keľmevteme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Erzya terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
25,
29
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
18,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
24
]
],
"english": "Today it is five degrees cold.",
"roman": "Teči vete gradust keľme .",
"text": "Течи вете градуст кельме.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
}
],
"word": "кельме"
}
{
"categories": [
"Erzya adjectives",
"Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
"Erzya lemmas",
"Erzya nouns",
"Erzya terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Erzya terms derived from Proto-Mordvinic",
"Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-mdv-pro",
"3": "*kelmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geluma"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geluma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kylmä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kylmä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "kīlma"
},
"expansion": "Livonian kīlma",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "кылме"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari кылме (kylme)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).\nCognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keľme",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "adj"
},
"expansion": "кельме • (keľme)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Erzya",
"lang_code": "myv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Erzya terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"english": "to drink cold water",
"roman": "simems keľme vedte",
"text": "симемс кельме ведте",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cold"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kelʲmʲe/"
}
],
"word": "кельме"
}
Download raw JSONL data for кельме meaning in Erzya (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Erzya dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.