See zhing-zhong in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_text": "Dates back to the onset of Chinese trade with Zimbabweans at the turn of the 21st century. It stems from the way the Chinese language sounds to a Zimbabwean, ultimately etymologically connected to the racial slur ching chong.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more zhing-zhong",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most zhing-zhong",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nolink": "1"
},
"expansion": "zhing-zhong (comparative more zhing-zhong, superlative most zhing-zhong)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zimbabwe English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005 July 24, Michael Wines, “From Shoes to Aircraft to Investment, Zimbabwe Pursues a Made-in-China Future”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-02-09, Africa:",
"text": "Zimbabweans complain, sometimes bitterly, that their new Chinese buses break down with alarming regularity and that the Chinese goods that flood stores and roadside stalls are so shoddy as to be worthless. Indeed, they have coined a term for the phenomenon: zhing-zhong.\n\"To call something zhing-zhong means that it is substandard,\" said Eldred Masunugure, the chairman of the political science department at the University of Zimbabwe in Harare. \"The resentment of the Chinese is not only widespread; it's deeply rooted. It's affecting even other Chinese-looking people, like the Japanese.\"\nProfessor Masunugure and others say that Harare's few Japanese residents complain of being taunted and called zhing-zhong.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Petina Gappah, “An Elegy for Easterly”, in Jungfrau and Other Short Stories (The Caine Prize for African Writing, 7th Annual Collection), Oxford: New Internationalist Publications Ltd, →ISBN, page 109:",
"text": "On the other side of Mbare, among the zhing-zhong products from China, the shiny clothes spelling out cheerful poverty, the glittery tank-tops and body-stockings imported in striped carrier bags from Dubai, among the Gucchii bags and Prader shoes, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, C. B. George, The Death of Rex Nhongo, London: Quercus Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 23:",
"text": "At a nearby table, a handsome man in shirtsleeves pushed to the elbow raised a hand and began to snap his fingers at the waitress. His watch was heavy on his wrist. It could have been a Rolex or Breitling. It could have been a zhing-zhong knock-off.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of objects, cheap, Chinese and of inferior quality."
],
"id": "en-zhing-zhong-en-adj-yVussgo9",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, Zimbabwe) Of objects, cheap, Chinese and of inferior quality."
],
"tags": [
"Zimbabwe",
"derogatory",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zimbabwe English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person, low-quality, unfit for their occupation or station in life."
],
"id": "en-zhing-zhong-en-adj-Tq0H6V4C",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"unfit",
"unfit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, Zimbabwe) Of a person, low-quality, unfit for their occupation or station in life."
],
"tags": [
"Zimbabwe",
"derogatory",
"slang"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Zhing-zhong"
],
"word": "zhing-zhong"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Dates back to the onset of Chinese trade with Zimbabweans at the turn of the 21st century. It stems from the way the Chinese language sounds to a Zimbabwean, ultimately etymologically connected to the racial slur ching chong.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"nolink": "1"
},
"expansion": "zhing-zhong (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zimbabwe English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 16 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English apophonic reduplications",
"parents": [
"Apophonic reduplications",
"Reduplications",
"Terms by etymology"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 16 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 11 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 6 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Cheap products of Chinese origin."
],
"id": "en-zhing-zhong-en-noun-aCtS3nv9",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"product",
"product"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, Zimbabwe) Cheap products of Chinese origin."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ching chong"
},
{
"word": "shanzhai"
}
],
"tags": [
"Zimbabwe",
"derogatory",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Zhing-zhong"
],
"word": "zhing-zhong"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English apophonic reduplications",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "Dates back to the onset of Chinese trade with Zimbabweans at the turn of the 21st century. It stems from the way the Chinese language sounds to a Zimbabwean, ultimately etymologically connected to the racial slur ching chong.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more zhing-zhong",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most zhing-zhong",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nolink": "1"
},
"expansion": "zhing-zhong (comparative more zhing-zhong, superlative most zhing-zhong)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Zimbabwe English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005 July 24, Michael Wines, “From Shoes to Aircraft to Investment, Zimbabwe Pursues a Made-in-China Future”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-02-09, Africa:",
"text": "Zimbabweans complain, sometimes bitterly, that their new Chinese buses break down with alarming regularity and that the Chinese goods that flood stores and roadside stalls are so shoddy as to be worthless. Indeed, they have coined a term for the phenomenon: zhing-zhong.\n\"To call something zhing-zhong means that it is substandard,\" said Eldred Masunugure, the chairman of the political science department at the University of Zimbabwe in Harare. \"The resentment of the Chinese is not only widespread; it's deeply rooted. It's affecting even other Chinese-looking people, like the Japanese.\"\nProfessor Masunugure and others say that Harare's few Japanese residents complain of being taunted and called zhing-zhong.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Petina Gappah, “An Elegy for Easterly”, in Jungfrau and Other Short Stories (The Caine Prize for African Writing, 7th Annual Collection), Oxford: New Internationalist Publications Ltd, →ISBN, page 109:",
"text": "On the other side of Mbare, among the zhing-zhong products from China, the shiny clothes spelling out cheerful poverty, the glittery tank-tops and body-stockings imported in striped carrier bags from Dubai, among the Gucchii bags and Prader shoes, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, C. B. George, The Death of Rex Nhongo, London: Quercus Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 23:",
"text": "At a nearby table, a handsome man in shirtsleeves pushed to the elbow raised a hand and began to snap his fingers at the waitress. His watch was heavy on his wrist. It could have been a Rolex or Breitling. It could have been a zhing-zhong knock-off.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of objects, cheap, Chinese and of inferior quality."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, Zimbabwe) Of objects, cheap, Chinese and of inferior quality."
],
"tags": [
"Zimbabwe",
"derogatory",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English slang",
"Zimbabwe English"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person, low-quality, unfit for their occupation or station in life."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"unfit",
"unfit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, Zimbabwe) Of a person, low-quality, unfit for their occupation or station in life."
],
"tags": [
"Zimbabwe",
"derogatory",
"slang"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Zhing-zhong"
],
"word": "zhing-zhong"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English apophonic reduplications",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "Dates back to the onset of Chinese trade with Zimbabweans at the turn of the 21st century. It stems from the way the Chinese language sounds to a Zimbabwean, ultimately etymologically connected to the racial slur ching chong.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"nolink": "1"
},
"expansion": "zhing-zhong (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ching chong"
},
{
"word": "shanzhai"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English slang",
"Zimbabwe English"
],
"glosses": [
"Cheap products of Chinese origin."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"product",
"product"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory, Zimbabwe) Cheap products of Chinese origin."
],
"tags": [
"Zimbabwe",
"derogatory",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Zhing-zhong"
],
"word": "zhing-zhong"
}
Download raw JSONL data for zhing-zhong meaning in English (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.