"wine-whine merger" meaning in English

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "wine-whine mergers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "wine-whine merger (plural wine-whine mergers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wine‧whine‧mer‧ger"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "English",
          "orig": "en:English",
          "parents": [
            "Languages",
            "Language",
            "Names",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Phonology",
          "orig": "en:Phonology",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2016, Mark L. Louden, Pennsylvania Dutch: The Story of an American Language, page 228",
          "text": "As was the case with the wine–whine merger, date from the early twentieth century show that southeastern Pennsylvania was subject to patterns of variation in pronunciation.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Keiko Bridwell, “Previous Research on the Wine-Whine Merger”, in The Distribution of ʍ, page 7",
          "text": "Chambers (2002) graphs the trajectory of the wine-whine merger in four reigions preserving ʍ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2021, Zeyu Li, “The Distribution of /w/ and /ʍ/”, in Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory",
          "text": "In Scottish English, the so-called wine-whine merger did not take place, in which historical Old and Middle English /hw/ was replaced by /w/[.]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A merger in which [ʍ] (the voiceless sound heard at the beginning of the word whine in a Scottish accent or several accents in the United States) becomes [w] (the sound heard at the beginning of the word wine); in accents where this merger occurs, whine and wine are homophones."
      ],
      "id": "en-wine-whine_merger-en-noun-Q83GWrW2",
      "links": [
        [
          "phonology",
          "phonology"
        ],
        [
          "voiceless",
          "voiceless"
        ],
        [
          "whine",
          "whine#English"
        ],
        [
          "wine",
          "wine#English"
        ],
        [
          "homophone",
          "homophone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(phonology) A merger in which [ʍ] (the voiceless sound heard at the beginning of the word whine in a Scottish accent or several accents in the United States) becomes [w] (the sound heard at the beginning of the word wine); in accents where this merger occurs, whine and wine are homophones."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "labiodentalization"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/wɑenˈwɑen ˌmɜːdʒə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪnˈwaɪn ˌmɜːdʒə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wɒenˈwɒen ˌmɵːdʒɘ(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wəinˈʍəin ˌmɛɾdʒəɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "English",
        "Scottish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪnˈʍaɪn ˌmɝdʒɚ/",
      "note": "US, no wine-whine merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪnˈwaɪn ˌmɝdʒɚ/",
      "note": "US, wine-whine merger"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wine-whine merger"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "wine-whine mergers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "wine-whine merger (plural wine-whine mergers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "wine‧whine‧mer‧ger"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "labiodentalization"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English multiword terms",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:English",
        "en:Phonology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2016, Mark L. Louden, Pennsylvania Dutch: The Story of an American Language, page 228",
          "text": "As was the case with the wine–whine merger, date from the early twentieth century show that southeastern Pennsylvania was subject to patterns of variation in pronunciation.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Keiko Bridwell, “Previous Research on the Wine-Whine Merger”, in The Distribution of ʍ, page 7",
          "text": "Chambers (2002) graphs the trajectory of the wine-whine merger in four reigions preserving ʍ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2021, Zeyu Li, “The Distribution of /w/ and /ʍ/”, in Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory",
          "text": "In Scottish English, the so-called wine-whine merger did not take place, in which historical Old and Middle English /hw/ was replaced by /w/[.]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A merger in which [ʍ] (the voiceless sound heard at the beginning of the word whine in a Scottish accent or several accents in the United States) becomes [w] (the sound heard at the beginning of the word wine); in accents where this merger occurs, whine and wine are homophones."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "phonology",
          "phonology"
        ],
        [
          "voiceless",
          "voiceless"
        ],
        [
          "whine",
          "whine#English"
        ],
        [
          "wine",
          "wine#English"
        ],
        [
          "homophone",
          "homophone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(phonology) A merger in which [ʍ] (the voiceless sound heard at the beginning of the word whine in a Scottish accent or several accents in the United States) becomes [w] (the sound heard at the beginning of the word wine); in accents where this merger occurs, whine and wine are homophones."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/wɑenˈwɑen ˌmɜːdʒə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪnˈwaɪn ˌmɜːdʒə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wɒenˈwɒen ˌmɵːdʒɘ(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wəinˈʍəin ˌmɛɾdʒəɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "English",
        "Scottish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪnˈʍaɪn ˌmɝdʒɚ/",
      "note": "US, no wine-whine merger"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪnˈwaɪn ˌmɝdʒɚ/",
      "note": "US, wine-whine merger"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wine-whine merger"
}