See whilst in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for whilst meaning in English (18.6kB)
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"expansion": "Middle English whilst",
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{
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{
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"pos": "suffix forming adverbs of manner, space, and time"
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"expansion": "-s (suffix forming adverbs of manner, space, and time)",
"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "",
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"expansion": "while",
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{
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"2": "ang",
"3": "hwīl",
"t": "period of time, a while"
},
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwīlō",
"t": "period of time, a while; period of rest, break, pause"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷyeh₁-",
"t": "to rest; peace, rest"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest; peace, rest”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
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"name": "suffix"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "wylst",
"t": "whilst"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wylst (“whilst”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English whilst, whilest, qwhilste (Northern England), quilest (Northwest Midlands) [and other forms], from whiles (“during the time that, while; only so long as; provided that; because, since; until”) + -t (excrescent suffix, perhaps due to a combination of -(e)s and the following word the, or influenced by the superlative suffix -est). Whiles is derived from whiles (“period of time, a while”, noun) (probably from the second element of adverbs and conjunctions like otherwhiles and somewhiles), from while (“period of time, a while”, noun) + -s (suffix forming adverbs of manner, space, and time); and while is from Old English hwīl (“period of time, a while”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hwīlō (“period of time, a while; period of rest, break, pause”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest; peace, rest”). The English word can be analysed as whiles + -t (excrescent suffix appended to words suffixed with -s).\ncognates\n* West Frisian wylst (“whilst”)",
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"pos": "adv",
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{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the: During the time; meanwhile."
],
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"the",
"the"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
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[
"meanwhile",
"meanwhile"
]
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"qualifier": "archaic or obsolete except dialectal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or obsolete except dialectal) Often preceded by the: During the time; meanwhile."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪlst/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʍaɪlst/",
"note": "without the wine–whine merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪlst"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-whilst.wav",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
}
],
"word": "whilst"
}
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "whilst"
},
"expansion": "Middle English whilst",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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{
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{
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "*kʷyeh₁-",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest; peace, rest”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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"args": {
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"2": "wylst",
"t": "whilst"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wylst (“whilst”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
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"examples": [
{
"text": "Drivers must switch off engines whilst on stand. ― instruction on a bus stand sign",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1942 July-August, Philip Spencer, “On the Footplate in Egypt”, in Railway Magazine, page 208",
"text": "The locomotive [...] was quietly \"blowing off\" on one Ross \"pop\" valve, whilst the rhythmic clanging of the fireman's shovel, the black smoke pouring from her chimney, and the harsh sound of the blower told of the proximity of departure time.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of while",
"During the whole, or until the end, of the time that; as long as, at the same time."
],
"id": "en-whilst-en-conj-EiwYCBN5",
"links": [
[
"while",
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[
"whole",
"whole#Noun"
],
[
"end",
"end#Noun"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"as long as",
"as long as"
],
[
"at the same time",
"at the same time"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
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"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"During the whole, or until the end, of the time that; as long as, at the same time."
],
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{
"word": "while"
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{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
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"word": "whiles"
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"Synonym of while",
"Within, or before the end, of the time that."
],
"id": "en-whilst-en-conj-r9Xc~rQr",
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"while",
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"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"Within, or before the end, of the time that."
],
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{
"word": "while"
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],
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"Synonym of while",
"Although; in contrast; whereas."
],
"id": "en-whilst-en-conj-S~qHUV0r",
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"while",
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[
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[
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],
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"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
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{
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{
"_dis": "4 15 16 20 30 14",
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"ref": "1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in The Railway Magazine, London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 161",
"text": "Modern engine sheds of advanced design have also been built at Radyr, Abercynon, and elsewhere, whilst other depots have been remodelled and re-equipped.",
"type": "quotation"
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],
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"Synonym of while",
"Besides; in addition."
],
"id": "en-whilst-en-conj-Sv08Goou",
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[
"while",
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[
"Besides",
"besides"
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[
"in addition",
"in addition"
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],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"Besides; in addition."
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},
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],
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"Only if; provided that; as long as."
],
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[
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"only if"
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],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"Only if; provided that; as long as."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "while"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪlst/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʍaɪlst/",
"note": "without the wine–whine merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪlst"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-whilst.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whilest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whylst"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "whylest"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cambridge University Press"
],
"word": "whilst"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷyeh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms suffixed with -t",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:English/aɪlst",
"Rhymes:English/aɪlst/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"3": "*kʷyeh₁-"
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{
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{
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},
"expansion": "qwhilste",
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "(Northern England)",
"name": "qualifier"
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{
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{
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{
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},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "whiles (“during the time that, while; only so long as; provided that; because, since; until”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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{
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{
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},
"expansion": "-t (excrescent suffix, perhaps due to a combination of -(e)s and the following word the, or influenced by the superlative suffix -est)",
"name": "m"
},
{
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},
{
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"2": "whiles",
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},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "conjunction",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "otherwhiles",
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},
{
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"2": "somewhiles"
},
"expansion": "somewhiles",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "while",
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},
"expansion": "while (“period of time, a while”, noun)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "adverb",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "-s (suffix forming adverbs of manner, space, and time)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "",
"3": "while"
},
"expansion": "while",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hwīl",
"t": "period of time, a while"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwīlō",
"t": "period of time, a while; period of rest, break, pause"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷyeh₁-",
"t": "to rest; peace, rest"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest; peace, rest”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "t",
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},
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"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "wylst",
"t": "whilst"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wylst (“whilst”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English whilst, whilest, qwhilste (Northern England), quilest (Northwest Midlands) [and other forms], from whiles (“during the time that, while; only so long as; provided that; because, since; until”) + -t (excrescent suffix, perhaps due to a combination of -(e)s and the following word the, or influenced by the superlative suffix -est). Whiles is derived from whiles (“period of time, a while”, noun) (probably from the second element of adverbs and conjunctions like otherwhiles and somewhiles), from while (“period of time, a while”, noun) + -s (suffix forming adverbs of manner, space, and time); and while is from Old English hwīl (“period of time, a while”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hwīlō (“period of time, a while; period of rest, break, pause”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest; peace, rest”). The English word can be analysed as whiles + -t (excrescent suffix appended to words suffixed with -s).\ncognates\n* West Frisian wylst (“whilst”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "whilst (not comparable)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Often preceded by the: During the time; meanwhile."
],
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"meanwhile",
"meanwhile"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic or obsolete except dialectal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or obsolete except dialectal) Often preceded by the: During the time; meanwhile."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪlst/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʍaɪlst/",
"note": "without the wine–whine merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪlst"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-whilst.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
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],
"word": "whilst"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷyeh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms suffixed with -t",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:English/aɪlst",
"Rhymes:English/aɪlst/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"3": "*kʷyeh₁-"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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"name": "m"
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{
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{
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"name": "nb..."
},
{
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"name": "m"
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{
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{
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},
"expansion": "-t (excrescent suffix, perhaps due to a combination of -(e)s and the following word the, or influenced by the superlative suffix -est)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "Whiles"
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{
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"2": "whiles",
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"name": "m"
},
{
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},
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{
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"name": "glossary"
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{
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "while",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hwīl",
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwīlō",
"t": "period of time, a while; period of rest, break, pause"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"3": "*kʷyeh₁-",
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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},
{
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"2": "wylst",
"t": "whilst"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wylst (“whilst”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English whilst, whilest, qwhilste (Northern England), quilest (Northwest Midlands) [and other forms], from whiles (“during the time that, while; only so long as; provided that; because, since; until”) + -t (excrescent suffix, perhaps due to a combination of -(e)s and the following word the, or influenced by the superlative suffix -est). Whiles is derived from whiles (“period of time, a while”, noun) (probably from the second element of adverbs and conjunctions like otherwhiles and somewhiles), from while (“period of time, a while”, noun) + -s (suffix forming adverbs of manner, space, and time); and while is from Old English hwīl (“period of time, a while”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hwīlō (“period of time, a while; period of rest, break, pause”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest; peace, rest”). The English word can be analysed as whiles + -t (excrescent suffix appended to words suffixed with -s).\ncognates\n* West Frisian wylst (“whilst”)",
"head_templates": [
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],
"lang": "English",
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{
"categories": [
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"British English",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Drivers must switch off engines whilst on stand. ― instruction on a bus stand sign",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1942 July-August, Philip Spencer, “On the Footplate in Egypt”, in Railway Magazine, page 208",
"text": "The locomotive [...] was quietly \"blowing off\" on one Ross \"pop\" valve, whilst the rhythmic clanging of the fireman's shovel, the black smoke pouring from her chimney, and the harsh sound of the blower told of the proximity of departure time.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of while",
"During the whole, or until the end, of the time that; as long as, at the same time."
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#Conjunction"
],
[
"whole",
"whole#Noun"
],
[
"end",
"end#Noun"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"as long as",
"as long as"
],
[
"at the same time",
"at the same time"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"During the whole, or until the end, of the time that; as long as, at the same time."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "while"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "whiles"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of while",
"Within, or before the end, of the time that."
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#Conjunction"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"Within, or before the end, of the time that."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "while"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of while",
"Although; in contrast; whereas."
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#Conjunction"
],
[
"Although",
"although"
],
[
"in contrast",
"in contrast"
],
[
"whereas",
"whereas"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"Although; in contrast; whereas."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "while"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in The Railway Magazine, London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 161",
"text": "Modern engine sheds of advanced design have also been built at Radyr, Abercynon, and elsewhere, whilst other depots have been remodelled and re-equipped.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of while",
"Besides; in addition."
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#Conjunction"
],
[
"Besides",
"besides"
],
[
"in addition",
"in addition"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"Besides; in addition."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "while"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English literary terms",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of while",
"Only if; provided that; as long as."
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#Conjunction"
],
[
"Only if",
"only if"
],
[
"provided",
"provided#Conjunction"
]
],
"qualifier": "literary or rare in North America",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Australia, literary or rare in North America) Synonym of while",
"Only if; provided that; as long as."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "while"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"British"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪlst/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʍaɪlst/",
"note": "without the wine–whine merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪlst"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-whilst.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-whilst.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "whilest"
},
{
"word": "whylst"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "whylest"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cambridge University Press"
],
"word": "whilst"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.