See wale in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wale meaning in English (18.0kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale",
"4": "wāle",
"id": "planking",
"t": "planking, welt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "walu",
"4": "",
"5": "ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow"
},
"expansion": "Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waluz",
"4": "",
"5": "stick, root"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, wind, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wale",
"3": "wāle"
},
"expansion": "wāle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vala",
"3": "",
"4": "knuckle"
},
"expansion": "vala (“knuckle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wālen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wālen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is from Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”), from Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”), from Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”). Akin to Low German wāle; Old Norse vala (“knuckle”). The verb is from late Middle English wālen, from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (plural wales)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "waling"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A ridge or low barrier."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-Y9sAYAY7",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: course"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Mary Lisa Gavenas, The Fairchild Encyclopedia of Menswear, page 99",
"text": "The fabric may be further described according to the number of wales per inch: Corduroy known as fine wale, pin-wale, or needle wale has very thin wales (usually twelve or more per inch, i.e., the width of a pin), while wide wale corduroy has thicker wales (usually six or fewer per inch).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A raised rib in knitted goods or fabric, especially corduroy."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-uMDb1CKe",
"links": [
[
"rib",
"rib"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"corduroy",
"corduroy"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 60 24 3 2 3 4 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bordó"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 60 24 3 2 3 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "côte"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 60 24 3 2 3 4 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fústa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 60 24 3 2 3 4 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pręga"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1892, “Family Fashions and Fancies”, in Good Housekeeping, volume 14, page 85",
"text": "Crepon cloths, with their heavy crape-like wale, are a noteworthy part of the season's importations.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The texture of a piece of fabric."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-gF0ox9Pw",
"links": [
[
"texture",
"texture"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 3 28 8 13 11 13 5 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1863, Andrew Murray, Ship-building in Iron and Wood, page 93",
"text": "The strakes between the several ranges of ports, beginning from under the upper-deck ports of a three-decked ship in the royal navy, are called the channel wale, the middle wale, and the main wale.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horizontal ridge or ledge on the outside planking of a wooden ship. (See gunwale, chainwale)"
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-9JUMUwEv",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"horizontal",
"horizontal"
],
[
"planking",
"planking"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"gunwale",
"gunwale"
],
[
"chainwale",
"chainwale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A horizontal ridge or ledge on the outside planking of a wooden ship. (See gunwale, chainwale)"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1889 February 23, Architecture and Building: A Journal of Investment and Construction, volume 10, page 63",
"text": "A few feet below the first wale another timber is inserted, likewise secured by struts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horizontal timber used for supporting or retaining earth."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-V-tWfJPC",
"links": [
[
"timber",
"timber"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"retain",
"retain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1754, Thomas Gardner, An Historical Account of Dunwich […]",
"text": "Except Plank upon the Head of the Key, and under the upper Wale, and Plank to join the piles.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A timber bolted to a row of piles to secure them together and in position."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-Wsdpjq4-",
"links": [
[
"timber",
"timber"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1976, Ralph Whitlock, Gentle giants: the past, present and future of the heavy horse, page 133",
"text": "The wale is shaped to the size of the horse's neck, and then sewn together, with a flap, known as the 'barge', left free along one side. To this 'barge' the body of the collar is sewn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge on the outside of a horse collar."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-~jtQIJBq",
"links": [
[
"collar",
"collar"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1854, S. W. Koelle, African Native Literature, Or Proverbs, Tales, Fables and Historical in the Kanuri Or Bornu Language",
"text": "When the rat had looked at the toad's whole body, and not seen any wale of a stick, he said to the toad, \"Brother toad, I have looked at thy whole body, and not seen any wale of a stick: thou art right.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Seabury Quinn, The Dark Angel: The Complete Tales of Jules de Grandin, Volume Three",
"text": "I ran to her, and when I reached her I saw across the white skin of her shoulders the distinct wale of a whip.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge or streak produced on skin by a cane or whip."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-yH~3NVP3",
"links": [
[
"cane",
"cane"
],
[
"whip",
"whip"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 3 3 10 3 2 14 62",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "streak on skin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jizva"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 3 10 3 2 14 62",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "streak on skin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šleh"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "26 2 2 20 2 1 24 22",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "val"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale",
"4": "wāle",
"id": "planking",
"t": "planking, welt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "walu",
"4": "",
"5": "ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow"
},
"expansion": "Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waluz",
"4": "",
"5": "stick, root"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, wind, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wale",
"3": "wāle"
},
"expansion": "wāle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vala",
"3": "",
"4": "knuckle"
},
"expansion": "vala (“knuckle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wālen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wālen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is from Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”), from Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”), from Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”). Akin to Low German wāle; Old Norse vala (“knuckle”). The verb is from late Middle English wālen, from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (third-person singular simple present wales, present participle waling, simple past and past participle waled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wale on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "whale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "weal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wheal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, Owen Felltham, Resolves, Divine, Moral, Political",
"text": "Would suffer his lazy rider to bestride his patie: back, with his hands and whip to wale his flesh, and with his heels to dig into his hungry bowels?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike the skin in such a way as to produce a wale or welt."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-verb-ww0UAqtw",
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2002, Hal Rothman, Neon Metropolis: How Las Vegas Started the Twenty-First Century",
"text": "When faced with an adulthood that offered few options, grinding poverty and marriage to a man who drank too much and came home to wale on his own family or...no beatings.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To beat a person, especially as punishment or out of anger."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-verb-AEc7BTNB",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To give a surface a texture of wales or welts."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-verb-SEp7fdPU",
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"texture",
"texture"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 97",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To give a surface a texture of wales",
"word": "côteler"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wale",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "wal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "val",
"4": "",
"5": "choice"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse val (“choice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*walō",
"3": "",
"4": "desire, choice"
},
"expansion": "*walō (“desire, choice”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to choose, want"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "velja",
"3": "",
"4": "to choose"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse velja (“to choose”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wala"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wahl"
},
"expansion": "German Wahl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "willan",
"3": "",
"4": "to want"
},
"expansion": "Old English willan (“to want”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wale, wal, from Old Norse val (“choice”), from Proto-Germanic *walą, *walō (“desire, choice”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”). Akin to Old Norse velja (“to choose”), Old High German wala \"choice\" (German Wahl \"choice\"), Old English willan (“to want”). More at will.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (plural wales)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something selected as being the best, preference; choice."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-noun-2eKMKnIk",
"links": [
[
"preference",
"preference"
],
[
"choice",
"choice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, Northern England) Something selected as being the best, preference; choice."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wale",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "wal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "val",
"4": "",
"5": "choice"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse val (“choice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*walō",
"3": "",
"4": "desire, choice"
},
"expansion": "*walō (“desire, choice”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to choose, want"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "velja",
"3": "",
"4": "to choose"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse velja (“to choose”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wala"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wahl"
},
"expansion": "German Wahl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "willan",
"3": "",
"4": "to want"
},
"expansion": "Old English willan (“to want”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wale, wal, from Old Norse val (“choice”), from Proto-Germanic *walą, *walō (“desire, choice”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”). Akin to Old Norse velja (“to choose”), Old High German wala \"choice\" (German Wahl \"choice\"), Old English willan (“to want”). More at will.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (third-person singular simple present wales, present participle waling, simple past and past participle waled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 3 15 5 11 7 11 12 3 5 2 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To choose, select."
],
"id": "en-wale-en-verb-8mBJjiiv",
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"select",
"select"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, Northern England) To choose, select."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wail"
}
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *welH-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale",
"4": "wāle",
"id": "planking",
"t": "planking, welt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "walu",
"4": "",
"5": "ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow"
},
"expansion": "Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waluz",
"4": "",
"5": "stick, root"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, wind, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wale",
"3": "wāle"
},
"expansion": "wāle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vala",
"3": "",
"4": "knuckle"
},
"expansion": "vala (“knuckle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wālen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wālen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is from Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”), from Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”), from Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”). Akin to Low German wāle; Old Norse vala (“knuckle”). The verb is from late Middle English wālen, from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (plural wales)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "waling"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A ridge or low barrier."
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: course"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Mary Lisa Gavenas, The Fairchild Encyclopedia of Menswear, page 99",
"text": "The fabric may be further described according to the number of wales per inch: Corduroy known as fine wale, pin-wale, or needle wale has very thin wales (usually twelve or more per inch, i.e., the width of a pin), while wide wale corduroy has thicker wales (usually six or fewer per inch).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A raised rib in knitted goods or fabric, especially corduroy."
],
"links": [
[
"rib",
"rib"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
],
[
"corduroy",
"corduroy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1892, “Family Fashions and Fancies”, in Good Housekeeping, volume 14, page 85",
"text": "Crepon cloths, with their heavy crape-like wale, are a noteworthy part of the season's importations.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The texture of a piece of fabric."
],
"links": [
[
"texture",
"texture"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Nautical"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1863, Andrew Murray, Ship-building in Iron and Wood, page 93",
"text": "The strakes between the several ranges of ports, beginning from under the upper-deck ports of a three-decked ship in the royal navy, are called the channel wale, the middle wale, and the main wale.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horizontal ridge or ledge on the outside planking of a wooden ship. (See gunwale, chainwale)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"horizontal",
"horizontal"
],
[
"planking",
"planking"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"gunwale",
"gunwale"
],
[
"chainwale",
"chainwale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A horizontal ridge or ledge on the outside planking of a wooden ship. (See gunwale, chainwale)"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1889 February 23, Architecture and Building: A Journal of Investment and Construction, volume 10, page 63",
"text": "A few feet below the first wale another timber is inserted, likewise secured by struts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horizontal timber used for supporting or retaining earth."
],
"links": [
[
"timber",
"timber"
],
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"retain",
"retain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1754, Thomas Gardner, An Historical Account of Dunwich […]",
"text": "Except Plank upon the Head of the Key, and under the upper Wale, and Plank to join the piles.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A timber bolted to a row of piles to secure them together and in position."
],
"links": [
[
"timber",
"timber"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1976, Ralph Whitlock, Gentle giants: the past, present and future of the heavy horse, page 133",
"text": "The wale is shaped to the size of the horse's neck, and then sewn together, with a flap, known as the 'barge', left free along one side. To this 'barge' the body of the collar is sewn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge on the outside of a horse collar."
],
"links": [
[
"collar",
"collar"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1854, S. W. Koelle, African Native Literature, Or Proverbs, Tales, Fables and Historical in the Kanuri Or Bornu Language",
"text": "When the rat had looked at the toad's whole body, and not seen any wale of a stick, he said to the toad, \"Brother toad, I have looked at thy whole body, and not seen any wale of a stick: thou art right.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Seabury Quinn, The Dark Angel: The Complete Tales of Jules de Grandin, Volume Three",
"text": "I ran to her, and when I reached her I saw across the white skin of her shoulders the distinct wale of a whip.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge or streak produced on skin by a cane or whip."
],
"links": [
[
"cane",
"cane"
],
[
"whip",
"whip"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "ridge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "val"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bordó"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "côte"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fústa"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "raised rib in knit goods or fabric",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pręga"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "streak on skin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jizva"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "streak on skin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šleh"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *welH-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Middle English links with redundant target parameters",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale",
"4": "wāle",
"id": "planking",
"t": "planking, welt"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "walu",
"4": "",
"5": "ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow"
},
"expansion": "Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waluz",
"4": "",
"5": "stick, root"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, wind, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wale",
"3": "wāle"
},
"expansion": "wāle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vala",
"3": "",
"4": "knuckle"
},
"expansion": "vala (“knuckle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wālen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wālen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is from Middle English wāle (“planking, welt”), from Old English walu (“ridge, bank; rib, comb (of helmet); metal ridge on top of helmet; weal, mark of a blow”), from Proto-Germanic *waluz (“stick, root”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”). Akin to Low German wāle; Old Norse vala (“knuckle”). The verb is from late Middle English wālen, from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (third-person singular simple present wales, present participle waling, simple past and past participle waled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "wale on"
},
{
"word": "whale"
},
{
"word": "weal"
},
{
"word": "wheal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, Owen Felltham, Resolves, Divine, Moral, Political",
"text": "Would suffer his lazy rider to bestride his patie: back, with his hands and whip to wale his flesh, and with his heels to dig into his hungry bowels?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike the skin in such a way as to produce a wale or welt."
],
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2002, Hal Rothman, Neon Metropolis: How Las Vegas Started the Twenty-First Century",
"text": "When faced with an adulthood that offered few options, grinding poverty and marriage to a man who drank too much and came home to wale on his own family or...no beatings.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To beat a person, especially as punishment or out of anger."
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To give a surface a texture of wales or welts."
],
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"texture",
"texture"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "To give a surface a texture of wales",
"word": "côteler"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wale",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "wal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "val",
"4": "",
"5": "choice"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse val (“choice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*walō",
"3": "",
"4": "desire, choice"
},
"expansion": "*walō (“desire, choice”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to choose, want"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "velja",
"3": "",
"4": "to choose"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse velja (“to choose”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wala"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wahl"
},
"expansion": "German Wahl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "willan",
"3": "",
"4": "to want"
},
"expansion": "Old English willan (“to want”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wale, wal, from Old Norse val (“choice”), from Proto-Germanic *walą, *walō (“desire, choice”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”). Akin to Old Norse velja (“to choose”), Old High German wala \"choice\" (German Wahl \"choice\"), Old English willan (“to want”). More at will.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (plural wales)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern England English",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"Something selected as being the best, preference; choice."
],
"links": [
[
"preference",
"preference"
],
[
"choice",
"choice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, Northern England) Something selected as being the best, preference; choice."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wale"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wale",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wal"
},
"expansion": "wal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "val",
"4": "",
"5": "choice"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse val (“choice”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*walō",
"3": "",
"4": "desire, choice"
},
"expansion": "*walō (“desire, choice”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to choose, want"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "velja",
"3": "",
"4": "to choose"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse velja (“to choose”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wala"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wahl"
},
"expansion": "German Wahl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "willan",
"3": "",
"4": "to want"
},
"expansion": "Old English willan (“to want”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wale, wal, from Old Norse val (“choice”), from Proto-Germanic *walą, *walō (“desire, choice”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, want”). Akin to Old Norse velja (“to choose”), Old High German wala \"choice\" (German Wahl \"choice\"), Old English willan (“to want”). More at will.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wales",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "waled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wale (third-person singular simple present wales, present participle waling, simple past and past participle waled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern England English",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"To choose, select."
],
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"select",
"select"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, Northern England) To choose, select."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweɪɫ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "wail"
},
{
"homophone": "whale (in accent with the whine–wine merger)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wail"
}
],
"word": "wale"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.