See truant in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Britain",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "trivant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "truantness"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English truant",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Old French truant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "truand"
},
"expansion": "French truand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*trugan"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *trugan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "br",
"3": "truan",
"t": "wretched"
},
"expansion": "Breton truan (“wretched”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*térh₁-tro-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-",
"t": "to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "truc",
"t": "beggar"
},
"expansion": "Breton truc (“beggar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "trogán"
},
"expansion": "Irish trogán",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trawant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch trawant",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "truan"
},
"expansion": "Occitan truan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "truão"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese truão",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "trudanach",
"t": "vagabond"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "truhan"
},
"expansion": "Spanish truhan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tru"
},
"expansion": "Welsh tru",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Middle English truant, truand, truaund (“(adjective) idle; tending to vagrancy (uncertain; may be a use of the noun); (noun) beggar; mendicant friar; vagrant, wanderer; worthless person, rogue, scoundrel; one who is absent without leave, truant; one who shirks duties”), from Old French truant, truand (“(adjective) beggarly; roguish; (noun) a beggar, vagabond; a rogue”) (modern French truand), probably of Celtic origin, possibly from Gaulish *trugan, or from Breton truan (“wretched”), from Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”).\ncognates\n* Breton truc (“beggar”)\n* Irish trogán, trogha (“destitute”)\n* Middle Dutch trawant, trouwant, truwant\n* Occitan truan\n* Portuguese truão\n* Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”), truaghan (“wretched”)\n* Spanish truhan\n* Welsh tru, truan (“wretched”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "truant (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tru‧ant"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (Second Quarto), London: […] I[ames] R[oberts] for N[icholas] L[ing] […], published 1604, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], signature C, verso:",
"text": "Ham[let]. And vvhat in faith make you from VVittenberg? / Hora[tio]. A truant diſpoſition good my Lord.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, “Upon the Ordinance against the Common-prayer Book”, in ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 152:",
"text": "[W]ee are not to imitate them; nor to diſtruſt God in the removal of that Truant help to our Devotion, vvhich by him never vvas appointed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 117, lines 705–710:",
"text": "But vvhere thou ſeeſt a ſingle Sheep remain / In ſhades aloof, or couch'd upon the Plain; / Or liſtleſly to crop the tender Graſs; / Or late to lag behind, vvith truant pace; / Revenge the Crime; and take the Traytor's head, / E're in the faultleſs Flock the dire Contagion ſpread.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1772, John Trumbull, “The Owl and the Sparrow. A Fable.”, in The Poetical Works of John Trumbull, […], volume II, Hartford, Conn.: […] Samuel G[riswold] Goodrich, by Lincoln & Stone, published 1820, →OCLC, page 149:",
"text": "In elder days, in Saturn's prime, / Ere baldness seized the head of Time, / While truant Jove, in infant pride, / Play'd barefoot on Olympus' side, / Each thing on earth had power to chatter, / And spoke the mother tongue of nature.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1785, William Cowper, “Book I. The Sofa.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 7:",
"text": "[I] have loved the rural vvalk / O'er hills, through valleys, and by rivers brink, / E'er ſince a truant boy I paſs'd my bounds / T'enjoy a ramble on the banks of Thames.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, [Erasmus Darwin], “Canto I”, in The Botanic Garden; a Poem, in Two Parts. […], London: J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, part I (The Economy of Vegetation), page 4, lines 53–54:",
"text": "Dovvn the ſteep ſlopes He led vvith modeſt ſkill / The vvilling pathvvay, and the truant rill, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791–1792 (published 1793), William Wordsworth, “Descriptive Sketches, Taken during a Pedestrian Tour among the Alps”, in Henry [Hope] Reed, editor, The Complete Poetical Works of William Wordsworth, Philadelphia, Pa.: Hayes & Zell, […], published 1860, →OCLC, page 30, column 1:",
"text": "Me, lured by hope its sorrows to remove, / A heart that could not much itself approve / O'er Gallia's wastes of corn dejected led, / Her road elms rustling high above my head, / Or through her truant pathways' native charms, / By secret villages and lonely farms, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Prodigal’s Return”, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 205:",
"text": "Indeed, calamity is welcome to women if they think it will bring truant affection home again: and if you have reduced your mistress to a crust, depend upon it that she won't repine, and only take a very little bit of it for herself, provided you will eat the remainder in her company.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Emerson Hough, “A Lady in Company”, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 6:",
"text": "Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes. […] She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing a deep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Shirking or wandering from business or duty; straying; hence, idle; loitering."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-adj-0ZGbCN1S",
"links": [
[
"Shirking",
"shirk#Verb"
],
[
"wandering",
"wander#Verb"
],
[
"business",
"business#Noun"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"straying",
"straying#Adjective"
],
[
"idle",
"idle#Adjective"
],
[
"loitering",
"loitering#Adjective"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shirking or wandering from business or duty",
"word": "vastuistaan laistava"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 6 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "shirking or wandering from business or duty",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skolk"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 40 0 0 36 0 24 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "en:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 7 28 16 28 9 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He didn’t graduate because he was chronically truant and didn’t have enough attendances to meet the requirement.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Buckthorne, or The Young Man of Great Expectations”, in Tales of a Traveller, part 1 (Strange Stories. […]), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC, pages 73–74:",
"text": "[…] I fell desperately in love with a little daughter of the squire's about twelve years of age. This freak of fancy made me more truant from my studies than ever.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a student: absent from school without permission."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-adj-qSnj42kr",
"links": [
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Adjective"
],
[
"school",
"school#Noun"
],
[
"permission",
"permission#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) Of a student: absent from school without permission."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"specifically"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutaḡayyib",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "مُتَغَيِّب"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "za školou"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "spijbelend"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "luvattomasti poissaoleva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "pinnaava"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "lintsaava"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "am Schwänzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "pigro"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "progúlivajuščij",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "прогу́ливающий"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "truante"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skolkare"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "bulakbol"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 94 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prohuljujučyj",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прогулюючий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Having no real substance; unimportant, vain, worthless."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-adj-YLqBbPz7",
"links": [
[
"Having",
"have#Verb"
],
[
"real",
"real#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
],
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Having no real substance; unimportant, vain, worthless."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuːənt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-truant.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuənt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːənt"
}
],
"word": "truant"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "play truant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "truancy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "truantism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "truantlike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "truantly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "truant officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "truantry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "truant school"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "truantship"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English truant",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Old French truant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "truand"
},
"expansion": "French truand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*trugan"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *trugan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "br",
"3": "truan",
"t": "wretched"
},
"expansion": "Breton truan (“wretched”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*térh₁-tro-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-",
"t": "to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "truc",
"t": "beggar"
},
"expansion": "Breton truc (“beggar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "trogán"
},
"expansion": "Irish trogán",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trawant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch trawant",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "truan"
},
"expansion": "Occitan truan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "truão"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese truão",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "trudanach",
"t": "vagabond"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "truhan"
},
"expansion": "Spanish truhan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tru"
},
"expansion": "Welsh tru",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Middle English truant, truand, truaund (“(adjective) idle; tending to vagrancy (uncertain; may be a use of the noun); (noun) beggar; mendicant friar; vagrant, wanderer; worthless person, rogue, scoundrel; one who is absent without leave, truant; one who shirks duties”), from Old French truant, truand (“(adjective) beggarly; roguish; (noun) a beggar, vagabond; a rogue”) (modern French truand), probably of Celtic origin, possibly from Gaulish *trugan, or from Breton truan (“wretched”), from Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”).\ncognates\n* Breton truc (“beggar”)\n* Irish trogán, trogha (“destitute”)\n* Middle Dutch trawant, trouwant, truwant\n* Occitan truan\n* Portuguese truão\n* Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”), truaghan (“wretched”)\n* Spanish truhan\n* Welsh tru, truan (“wretched”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "truants",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "truant (plural truants)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tru‧ant"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 7 28 16 28 9 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], signature D3, recto:",
"text": "For my part I may ſpeake it to my ſhame, / I haue a truant beene to Chiualrie, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Second Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 249, lines 505–507:",
"text": "You loiter, vvhile the Spoils are born avvay: / Our Ships are laden vvith the Trojan Store, / And you like Truants come too late aſhore.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An idle or lazy person; an idler."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-noun-86OtKJ1H",
"links": [
[
"idle",
"idle#Adjective"
],
[
"lazy",
"lazy#Adjective"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"idler",
"idler"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "idler"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 40 0 0 36 0 24 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "en:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 7 28 16 28 9 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 58, column 1:",
"text": "[S]ince I pluckt Geeſe, plaide Trevvant, and vvhipt Top, I knevv not vvhat 'tvvas to be beaten, till lately.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (Second Quarto), London: […] I[ames] R[oberts] for N[icholas] L[ing] […], published 1604, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], signature C, verso:",
"text": "[…] I knovve you are no truant, / But vvhat is your affaire in Elſonoure?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1770, [Oliver] Goldsmith, The Deserted Village, a Poem, London: […] W[illiam] Griffin, […], →OCLC, page 11:",
"text": "The village maſter taught his little ſchool; / A man ſevere he vvas, and ſtern to vievv, / I knevv him vvell, and every truant knevv; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A student who is absent from school without permission; hence (figurative), a person who shirks or wanders from business or duty."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-noun-uqtOm-UY",
"links": [
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Adjective"
],
[
"school",
"school#Noun"
],
[
"permission",
"permission#Noun"
],
[
"shirks",
"shirk#Verb"
],
[
"wanders",
"wander#Verb"
],
[
"business",
"business#Noun"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) A student who is absent from school without permission; hence (figurative), a person who shirks or wanders from business or duty."
],
"tags": [
"specifically"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "stokkiesdraaier"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎškač",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кръшкач"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "曠課者"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kuàngkèzhě",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "旷课者"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ulejvák"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"note": "from school",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záškolák"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spijbelaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "verzuimen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "lintsari"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "pinnari"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schwänzer"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwänzerin"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schulschwänzer"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schulschwänzerin"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "pembolos"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "múitseálaí"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wagarowicz"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "progúlʹščik",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прогу́льщик"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "progúlʹščica",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "прогу́льщица"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "absentista"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "novillero"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "novillera"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "bulakbol"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "lakwatsero"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prohulʹnyk",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прогульник"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sačok",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сачок"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 75 16",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "triwant"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 2 2 35 48 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 2 29 46 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 1 34 48 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 1 35 54 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 4 18 23 38 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 7 8 26 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 7 11 24 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 5 18 25 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 6 3 28 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 6 11 22 42 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 6 5 27 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 4 19 25 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 6 12 24 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 2 30 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 7 4 25 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 11 10 23 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 2 30 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 1 30 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 6 11 24 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 6 12 24 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 7 12 24 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 6 2 29 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 7 28 16 28 9 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, Much Adoe about Nothing. […], quarto edition, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for Andrew Wise, and William Aspley, published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], signature E, verso:",
"text": "Hang him truant, theres no true drop of bloud in him to be truly toucht vvith loue, if he be ſadde, he vvantes money.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sturdy beggar (“a person who was fit and able to work, but lived as a beggar or vagrant instead”); hence, a worthless person; a rogue, a scoundrel."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-noun-pAfqL-dr",
"links": [
[
"sturdy beggar",
"sturdy beggar#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"fit",
"fit#Adjective"
],
[
"able",
"able#Adjective"
],
[
"work",
"work#Verb"
],
[
"lived",
"live#Verb"
],
[
"beggar",
"beggar#Noun"
],
[
"vagrant",
"vagrant#Noun"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
],
[
"rogue",
"rogue#Noun"
],
[
"scoundrel",
"scoundrel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of sturdy beggar (“a person who was fit and able to work, but lived as a beggar or vagrant instead”); hence, a worthless person; a rogue, a scoundrel."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vagabond"
},
{
"word": "worthless person"
},
{
"extra": "(“a person who was fit and able to work, but lived as a beggar or vagrant instead”); hence, a worthless person; a rogue, a scoundrel",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "sturdy beggar"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuːənt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-truant.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuənt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːənt"
}
],
"word": "truant"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "truanting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truaunten",
"4": "",
"5": "to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English truaunten (“to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truaunten",
"t": "to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English truaunten (“to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "truander"
},
"expansion": "Old French truander",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "truander",
"t": "to cheat, to con"
},
"expansion": "French truander (“to cheat, to con”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truaunt",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English truaunt (noun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English truaunten (“to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy”), and then partly:\n* from Old French truander (modern French truander (“to cheat, to con”)), from truand (noun) (see etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs); and\n* from Middle English truaunt (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "truants",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "truanting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "truanted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "truanted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "truant (third-person singular simple present truants, present participle truanting, simple past and past participle truanted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tru‧ant"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 40 0 0 36 0 24 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "en:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The number of schoolchildren known to have truanted from this school has been unusually high.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1580, Iohn Lyly [i.e., John Lyly], Euphues and His England. […], London: […] [Thomas East] for Gabriell Cawood, […], →OCLC, folio 29, recto:",
"text": "VVhat made the Gods ſo often to trevvant from Heauen & mych [much] héere on earth, but beautie?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "What mindless thief brags of his own crime? / 'Tis doubly wrong to wander from your bed [i.e., be unfaithful to one’s wife], / And let her read it in your looks at the table: […]",
"ref": "c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 91, column 1:",
"text": "VVhat ſimple thiefe brags of his ovvne attaine? / 'Tis double vvrong, to truant vvith your bed, / And let her read it in thy lookes at boord: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641 June or July, John Milton, Of Prelatical Episcopacy, and Whether It may be Deduc’d from the Apostolical Times by Virtue of Those Testimonies which are Alledg’d to that Purpose in Some Late Treatises; […]; republished in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, […], volume I, Amsterdam [actually London: s.n.], 1698, →OCLC, page 243:",
"text": "By this means they loſt their time, and truanted on the fundamental grounds of ſaving knovvledg, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1642, Thomas Fuller, “The Life of Eliezer”, in The Holy State, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Roger Daniel for John Williams, […], →OCLC, book I, page 24:",
"text": "If in a dark buſineſſe vve perceive God to guide us by the lantern of his providence, it is good to follovv the light cloſe, leſt vve loſe it by our lagging behind. He [Eliezer] vvill not truant it novv in the afternoon, but vvith convenient ſpeed returns to Abraham, vvho onely vvas vvorthy of ſuch a Servant, vvho onely vvas vvorthy of ſuch a Maſter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1690, J[ohn] Garretson, “Exercises Fitted to Lilly’s Concords, and Rules, together with Observations upon Them”, in English Exercises for School-boys to Translate into Latin. […], 3rd edition, London: […] Tho[mas] Cockerill, […], →OCLC, page 30:",
"text": "Thou Truantest much, and art very idle, which are moſt pernicious things.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LI. Mr. Lovelace, to John Belford, Esq.”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume IV, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC, page 305:",
"text": "Her good angel is gone a journey: Is truanting at leaſt.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Also used with the impersonal pronoun it (dated): to shirk or wander from business or duty; (specifically) of a student: to be absent from school without permission; to play truant."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-verb-wfSn4q9B",
"links": [
[
"it",
"it#Pronoun"
],
[
"shirk",
"shirk#Verb"
],
[
"wander",
"wander#Verb"
],
[
"business",
"business#Noun"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Adjective"
],
[
"school",
"school#Noun"
],
[
"permission",
"permission#Noun"
],
[
"play truant",
"play truant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Also used with the impersonal pronoun it (dated): to shirk or wander from business or duty; (specifically) of a student: to be absent from school without permission; to play truant."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "shirk or wander from business or duty",
"word": "stokkies draai"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shirk or wander from business or duty",
"word": "laistaa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1635–1636 (date written), Iohn Ford [i.e., John Ford], The Fancies, Chast and Noble: […], London: […] E[lizabeth] P[urslowe] for Henry Seile, […], published 1638, →OCLC, Act III, page 45:",
"text": "I dare not be the Author / Of trevvanting the time then, neither vvill I.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To idle away or waste (time)."
],
"id": "en-truant-en-verb-x648cChX",
"links": [
[
"idle",
"idle#Verb"
],
[
"waste",
"waste#Verb"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To idle away or waste (time)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuːənt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-truant.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuənt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːənt"
}
],
"word": "truant"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Breton",
"English terms derived from Celtic languages",
"English terms derived from Gaulish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uːənt",
"Rhymes:English/uːənt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Education",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"Britain",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "trivant"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "truantness"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English truant",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Old French truant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "truand"
},
"expansion": "French truand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*trugan"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *trugan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "br",
"3": "truan",
"t": "wretched"
},
"expansion": "Breton truan (“wretched”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*térh₁-tro-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-",
"t": "to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "truc",
"t": "beggar"
},
"expansion": "Breton truc (“beggar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "trogán"
},
"expansion": "Irish trogán",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trawant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch trawant",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "truan"
},
"expansion": "Occitan truan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "truão"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese truão",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "trudanach",
"t": "vagabond"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "truhan"
},
"expansion": "Spanish truhan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tru"
},
"expansion": "Welsh tru",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Middle English truant, truand, truaund (“(adjective) idle; tending to vagrancy (uncertain; may be a use of the noun); (noun) beggar; mendicant friar; vagrant, wanderer; worthless person, rogue, scoundrel; one who is absent without leave, truant; one who shirks duties”), from Old French truant, truand (“(adjective) beggarly; roguish; (noun) a beggar, vagabond; a rogue”) (modern French truand), probably of Celtic origin, possibly from Gaulish *trugan, or from Breton truan (“wretched”), from Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”).\ncognates\n* Breton truc (“beggar”)\n* Irish trogán, trogha (“destitute”)\n* Middle Dutch trawant, trouwant, truwant\n* Occitan truan\n* Portuguese truão\n* Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”), truaghan (“wretched”)\n* Spanish truhan\n* Welsh tru, truan (“wretched”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "truant (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tru‧ant"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (Second Quarto), London: […] I[ames] R[oberts] for N[icholas] L[ing] […], published 1604, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], signature C, verso:",
"text": "Ham[let]. And vvhat in faith make you from VVittenberg? / Hora[tio]. A truant diſpoſition good my Lord.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, “Upon the Ordinance against the Common-prayer Book”, in ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 152:",
"text": "[W]ee are not to imitate them; nor to diſtruſt God in the removal of that Truant help to our Devotion, vvhich by him never vvas appointed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 117, lines 705–710:",
"text": "But vvhere thou ſeeſt a ſingle Sheep remain / In ſhades aloof, or couch'd upon the Plain; / Or liſtleſly to crop the tender Graſs; / Or late to lag behind, vvith truant pace; / Revenge the Crime; and take the Traytor's head, / E're in the faultleſs Flock the dire Contagion ſpread.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1772, John Trumbull, “The Owl and the Sparrow. A Fable.”, in The Poetical Works of John Trumbull, […], volume II, Hartford, Conn.: […] Samuel G[riswold] Goodrich, by Lincoln & Stone, published 1820, →OCLC, page 149:",
"text": "In elder days, in Saturn's prime, / Ere baldness seized the head of Time, / While truant Jove, in infant pride, / Play'd barefoot on Olympus' side, / Each thing on earth had power to chatter, / And spoke the mother tongue of nature.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1785, William Cowper, “Book I. The Sofa.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 7:",
"text": "[I] have loved the rural vvalk / O'er hills, through valleys, and by rivers brink, / E'er ſince a truant boy I paſs'd my bounds / T'enjoy a ramble on the banks of Thames.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, [Erasmus Darwin], “Canto I”, in The Botanic Garden; a Poem, in Two Parts. […], London: J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, part I (The Economy of Vegetation), page 4, lines 53–54:",
"text": "Dovvn the ſteep ſlopes He led vvith modeſt ſkill / The vvilling pathvvay, and the truant rill, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791–1792 (published 1793), William Wordsworth, “Descriptive Sketches, Taken during a Pedestrian Tour among the Alps”, in Henry [Hope] Reed, editor, The Complete Poetical Works of William Wordsworth, Philadelphia, Pa.: Hayes & Zell, […], published 1860, →OCLC, page 30, column 1:",
"text": "Me, lured by hope its sorrows to remove, / A heart that could not much itself approve / O'er Gallia's wastes of corn dejected led, / Her road elms rustling high above my head, / Or through her truant pathways' native charms, / By secret villages and lonely farms, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Prodigal’s Return”, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 205:",
"text": "Indeed, calamity is welcome to women if they think it will bring truant affection home again: and if you have reduced your mistress to a crust, depend upon it that she won't repine, and only take a very little bit of it for herself, provided you will eat the remainder in her company.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Emerson Hough, “A Lady in Company”, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 6:",
"text": "Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes. […] She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing a deep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Shirking or wandering from business or duty; straying; hence, idle; loitering."
],
"links": [
[
"Shirking",
"shirk#Verb"
],
[
"wandering",
"wander#Verb"
],
[
"business",
"business#Noun"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"straying",
"straying#Adjective"
],
[
"idle",
"idle#Adjective"
],
[
"loitering",
"loitering#Adjective"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He didn’t graduate because he was chronically truant and didn’t have enough attendances to meet the requirement.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Buckthorne, or The Young Man of Great Expectations”, in Tales of a Traveller, part 1 (Strange Stories. […]), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC, pages 73–74:",
"text": "[…] I fell desperately in love with a little daughter of the squire's about twelve years of age. This freak of fancy made me more truant from my studies than ever.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a student: absent from school without permission."
],
"links": [
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Adjective"
],
[
"school",
"school#Noun"
],
[
"permission",
"permission#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) Of a student: absent from school without permission."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"specifically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Having no real substance; unimportant, vain, worthless."
],
"links": [
[
"Having",
"have#Verb"
],
[
"real",
"real#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"unimportant",
"unimportant"
],
[
"vain",
"vain"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Having no real substance; unimportant, vain, worthless."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuːənt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-truant.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuənt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːənt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shirking or wandering from business or duty",
"word": "vastuistaan laistava"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "shirking or wandering from business or duty",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skolk"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mutaḡayyib",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "مُتَغَيِّب"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "za školou"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "spijbelend"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "luvattomasti poissaoleva"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "pinnaava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "lintsaava"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "am Schwänzen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "pigro"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "progúlivajuščij",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "прогу́ливающий"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "truante"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skolkare"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"word": "bulakbol"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prohuljujučyj",
"sense": "of a student: absent from school without permission",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прогулюючий"
}
],
"word": "truant"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Breton",
"English terms derived from Celtic languages",
"English terms derived from Gaulish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uːənt",
"Rhymes:English/uːənt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Education",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "play truant"
},
{
"word": "truancy"
},
{
"word": "truantism"
},
{
"word": "truantlike"
},
{
"word": "truantly"
},
{
"word": "truant officer"
},
{
"word": "truantry"
},
{
"word": "truant school"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "truantship"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Middle English truant",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "truant"
},
"expansion": "Old French truant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "truand"
},
"expansion": "French truand",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*trugan"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *trugan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "br",
"3": "truan",
"t": "wretched"
},
"expansion": "Breton truan (“wretched”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*térh₁-tro-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-",
"t": "to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "truc",
"t": "beggar"
},
"expansion": "Breton truc (“beggar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "trogán"
},
"expansion": "Irish trogán",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trawant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch trawant",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "truan"
},
"expansion": "Occitan truan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "truão"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese truão",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "trudanach",
"t": "vagabond"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "truhan"
},
"expansion": "Spanish truhan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "tru"
},
"expansion": "Welsh tru",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective and noun are derived from Middle English truant, truand, truaund (“(adjective) idle; tending to vagrancy (uncertain; may be a use of the noun); (noun) beggar; mendicant friar; vagrant, wanderer; worthless person, rogue, scoundrel; one who is absent without leave, truant; one who shirks duties”), from Old French truant, truand (“(adjective) beggarly; roguish; (noun) a beggar, vagabond; a rogue”) (modern French truand), probably of Celtic origin, possibly from Gaulish *trugan, or from Breton truan (“wretched”), from Proto-Celtic *térh₁-tro-m, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”).\ncognates\n* Breton truc (“beggar”)\n* Irish trogán, trogha (“destitute”)\n* Middle Dutch trawant, trouwant, truwant\n* Occitan truan\n* Portuguese truão\n* Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”), truaghan (“wretched”)\n* Spanish truhan\n* Welsh tru, truan (“wretched”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "truants",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "truant (plural truants)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tru‧ant"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], signature D3, recto:",
"text": "For my part I may ſpeake it to my ſhame, / I haue a truant beene to Chiualrie, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Second Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 249, lines 505–507:",
"text": "You loiter, vvhile the Spoils are born avvay: / Our Ships are laden vvith the Trojan Store, / And you like Truants come too late aſhore.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An idle or lazy person; an idler."
],
"links": [
[
"idle",
"idle#Adjective"
],
[
"lazy",
"lazy#Adjective"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"idler",
"idler"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "idler"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 58, column 1:",
"text": "[S]ince I pluckt Geeſe, plaide Trevvant, and vvhipt Top, I knevv not vvhat 'tvvas to be beaten, till lately.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (Second Quarto), London: […] I[ames] R[oberts] for N[icholas] L[ing] […], published 1604, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], signature C, verso:",
"text": "[…] I knovve you are no truant, / But vvhat is your affaire in Elſonoure?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1770, [Oliver] Goldsmith, The Deserted Village, a Poem, London: […] W[illiam] Griffin, […], →OCLC, page 11:",
"text": "The village maſter taught his little ſchool; / A man ſevere he vvas, and ſtern to vievv, / I knevv him vvell, and every truant knevv; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A student who is absent from school without permission; hence (figurative), a person who shirks or wanders from business or duty."
],
"links": [
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Adjective"
],
[
"school",
"school#Noun"
],
[
"permission",
"permission#Noun"
],
[
"shirks",
"shirk#Verb"
],
[
"wanders",
"wander#Verb"
],
[
"business",
"business#Noun"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) A student who is absent from school without permission; hence (figurative), a person who shirks or wanders from business or duty."
],
"tags": [
"specifically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, Much Adoe about Nothing. […], quarto edition, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for Andrew Wise, and William Aspley, published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], signature E, verso:",
"text": "Hang him truant, theres no true drop of bloud in him to be truly toucht vvith loue, if he be ſadde, he vvantes money.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sturdy beggar (“a person who was fit and able to work, but lived as a beggar or vagrant instead”); hence, a worthless person; a rogue, a scoundrel."
],
"links": [
[
"sturdy beggar",
"sturdy beggar#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"fit",
"fit#Adjective"
],
[
"able",
"able#Adjective"
],
[
"work",
"work#Verb"
],
[
"lived",
"live#Verb"
],
[
"beggar",
"beggar#Noun"
],
[
"vagrant",
"vagrant#Noun"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
],
[
"rogue",
"rogue#Noun"
],
[
"scoundrel",
"scoundrel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of sturdy beggar (“a person who was fit and able to work, but lived as a beggar or vagrant instead”); hence, a worthless person; a rogue, a scoundrel."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vagabond"
},
{
"word": "worthless person"
},
{
"extra": "(“a person who was fit and able to work, but lived as a beggar or vagrant instead”); hence, a worthless person; a rogue, a scoundrel",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "sturdy beggar"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuːənt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-truant.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuənt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːənt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "stokkiesdraaier"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎškač",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кръшкач"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "曠課者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kuàngkèzhě",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "旷课者"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ulejvák"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"note": "from school",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záškolák"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spijbelaar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "verzuimen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "lintsari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "pinnari"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schwänzer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwänzerin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schulschwänzer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schulschwänzerin"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "pembolos"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "múitseálaí"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wagarowicz"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "progúlʹščik",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прогу́льщик"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "progúlʹščica",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "прогу́льщица"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "absentista"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "novillero"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "novillera"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "bulakbol"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"word": "lakwatsero"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prohulʹnyk",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "прогульник"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sačok",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сачок"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "student who is absent from school without permission; person who shirks or wanders from business or duty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "triwant"
}
],
"word": "truant"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uːənt",
"Rhymes:English/uːənt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"en:Education",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "truanting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truaunten",
"4": "",
"5": "to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English truaunten (“to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truaunten",
"t": "to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English truaunten (“to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "truander"
},
"expansion": "Old French truander",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "truander",
"t": "to cheat, to con"
},
"expansion": "French truander (“to cheat, to con”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "truaunt",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English truaunt (noun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English truaunten (“to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy”), and then partly:\n* from Old French truander (modern French truander (“to cheat, to con”)), from truand (noun) (see etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs); and\n* from Middle English truaunt (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "truants",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "truanting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "truanted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "truanted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "truant (third-person singular simple present truants, present participle truanting, simple past and past participle truanted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tru‧ant"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The number of schoolchildren known to have truanted from this school has been unusually high.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1580, Iohn Lyly [i.e., John Lyly], Euphues and His England. […], London: […] [Thomas East] for Gabriell Cawood, […], →OCLC, folio 29, recto:",
"text": "VVhat made the Gods ſo often to trevvant from Heauen & mych [much] héere on earth, but beautie?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "What mindless thief brags of his own crime? / 'Tis doubly wrong to wander from your bed [i.e., be unfaithful to one’s wife], / And let her read it in your looks at the table: […]",
"ref": "c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 91, column 1:",
"text": "VVhat ſimple thiefe brags of his ovvne attaine? / 'Tis double vvrong, to truant vvith your bed, / And let her read it in thy lookes at boord: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641 June or July, John Milton, Of Prelatical Episcopacy, and Whether It may be Deduc’d from the Apostolical Times by Virtue of Those Testimonies which are Alledg’d to that Purpose in Some Late Treatises; […]; republished in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, […], volume I, Amsterdam [actually London: s.n.], 1698, →OCLC, page 243:",
"text": "By this means they loſt their time, and truanted on the fundamental grounds of ſaving knovvledg, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1642, Thomas Fuller, “The Life of Eliezer”, in The Holy State, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Roger Daniel for John Williams, […], →OCLC, book I, page 24:",
"text": "If in a dark buſineſſe vve perceive God to guide us by the lantern of his providence, it is good to follovv the light cloſe, leſt vve loſe it by our lagging behind. He [Eliezer] vvill not truant it novv in the afternoon, but vvith convenient ſpeed returns to Abraham, vvho onely vvas vvorthy of ſuch a Servant, vvho onely vvas vvorthy of ſuch a Maſter.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1690, J[ohn] Garretson, “Exercises Fitted to Lilly’s Concords, and Rules, together with Observations upon Them”, in English Exercises for School-boys to Translate into Latin. […], 3rd edition, London: […] Tho[mas] Cockerill, […], →OCLC, page 30:",
"text": "Thou Truantest much, and art very idle, which are moſt pernicious things.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LI. Mr. Lovelace, to John Belford, Esq.”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume IV, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC, page 305:",
"text": "Her good angel is gone a journey: Is truanting at leaſt.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Also used with the impersonal pronoun it (dated): to shirk or wander from business or duty; (specifically) of a student: to be absent from school without permission; to play truant."
],
"links": [
[
"it",
"it#Pronoun"
],
[
"shirk",
"shirk#Verb"
],
[
"wander",
"wander#Verb"
],
[
"business",
"business#Noun"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Adjective"
],
[
"school",
"school#Noun"
],
[
"permission",
"permission#Noun"
],
[
"play truant",
"play truant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) Also used with the impersonal pronoun it (dated): to shirk or wander from business or duty; (specifically) of a student: to be absent from school without permission; to play truant."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1635–1636 (date written), Iohn Ford [i.e., John Ford], The Fancies, Chast and Noble: […], London: […] E[lizabeth] P[urslowe] for Henry Seile, […], published 1638, →OCLC, Act III, page 45:",
"text": "I dare not be the Author / Of trevvanting the time then, neither vvill I.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To idle away or waste (time)."
],
"links": [
[
"idle",
"idle#Verb"
],
[
"waste",
"waste#Verb"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To idle away or waste (time)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuːənt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-truant.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-truant.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɹuənt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːənt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "shirk or wander from business or duty",
"word": "stokkies draai"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "shirk or wander from business or duty",
"word": "laistaa"
}
],
"word": "truant"
}
Download raw JSONL data for truant meaning in English (35.7kB)
{
"called_from": "core/1021",
"msg": "too many args (3) in argument reference: ('page', '', '\\U0010229a')",
"path": [
"truant",
"RQ:Milton Eikonoklastes"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "truant",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.