"toughness" meaning in English

See toughness in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-toughness.wav Forms: toughnesses [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English toughnesse, towghnesse, towghenesse, equivalent to tough + -ness. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|toughnesse}} Middle English toughnesse, {{af|en|tough|-ness}} tough + -ness Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} toughness (countable and uncountable, plural toughnesses)
  1. (uncountable) The state of being tough.
    (materials science, physics, of a metal) Resistance to fracture when stressed, or the degree of such resistance.
    Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Materials science, Physics
    Sense id: en-toughness-en-noun-3hSEOIEr Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ness, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Romanian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 52 47 1 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ness: 52 47 1 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 48 48 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 48 48 4 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 49 48 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 48 48 4 Topics: natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics
  2. (uncountable) The state of being tough.
    (psychologically, emotionally, or biologically) Fortitude; hardiness; mettle.
    Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-toughness-en-noun-uQe~0MPu Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ness, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Romanian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 52 47 1 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ness: 52 47 1 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 48 48 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 48 48 4 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 49 48 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 50 49 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 48 48 4
  3. A formidable difficulty. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-toughness-en-noun-Z5N992fl
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: graph toughness Translations (state of being tough): твърдост (tvǎrdost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), sitkeys (Finnish), ankaruus (Finnish), kovuus (Finnish), solidité (French), dureté (French), endurance (French), Zähigkeit [feminine] (German), robustezza (Italian), tenacitate [feminine] (Romanian)
Disambiguation of 'state of being tough': 50 50 1

Inflected forms

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  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "graph toughness"
    }
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  "etymology_templates": [
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  "etymology_text": "From Middle English toughnesse, towghnesse, towghenesse, equivalent to tough + -ness.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "toughnesses",
      "tags": [
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
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          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Materials science",
          "orig": "en:Materials science",
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            "Engineering",
            "Sciences",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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          "_dis": "50 49 1",
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          "_dis": "48 48 4",
          "kind": "other",
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The state of being tough.",
        "Resistance to fracture when stressed, or the degree of such resistance."
      ],
      "id": "en-toughness-en-noun-3hSEOIEr",
      "links": [
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        [
          "materials science",
          "materials science"
        ],
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "Resistance",
          "resistance"
        ],
        [
          "fracture",
          "fracture"
        ],
        [
          "stressed",
          "stressed"
        ],
        [
          "degree",
          "degree#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "materials science",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The state of being tough.",
        "(materials science, physics, of a metal) Resistance to fracture when stressed, or the degree of such resistance."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a metal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
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    {
      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "50 49 1",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "48 48 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The state of being tough.",
        "Fortitude; hardiness; mettle."
      ],
      "id": "en-toughness-en-noun-uQe~0MPu",
      "links": [
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ],
        [
          "Fortitude",
          "fortitude#English"
        ],
        [
          "hardiness",
          "hardiness#English"
        ],
        [
          "mettle",
          "mettle#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "psychologically; emotionally; or biologically; psychologically; emotionally; or biologically",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The state of being tough.",
        "(psychologically, emotionally, or biologically) Fortitude; hardiness; mettle."
      ],
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        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
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      "glosses": [
        "A formidable difficulty."
      ],
      "id": "en-toughness-en-noun-Z5N992fl",
      "links": [
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          "formidable"
        ],
        [
          "difficulty",
          "difficulty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
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      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tvǎrdost",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "твърдост"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "sitkeys"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "ankaruus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "kovuus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "solidité"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "dureté"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "endurance"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Zähigkeit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "robustezza"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "50 50 1",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tenacitate"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "toughness"
  ],
  "word": "toughness"
}
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    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations"
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  "derived": [
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    }
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  "etymology_text": "From Middle English toughnesse, towghnesse, towghenesse, equivalent to tough + -ness.",
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  "senses": [
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        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:Materials science",
        "en:Physics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The state of being tough.",
        "Resistance to fracture when stressed, or the degree of such resistance."
      ],
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          "tough"
        ],
        [
          "materials science",
          "materials science"
        ],
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "Resistance",
          "resistance"
        ],
        [
          "fracture",
          "fracture"
        ],
        [
          "stressed",
          "stressed"
        ],
        [
          "degree",
          "degree#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "materials science",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The state of being tough.",
        "(materials science, physics, of a metal) Resistance to fracture when stressed, or the degree of such resistance."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a metal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
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    },
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      "glosses": [
        "The state of being tough.",
        "Fortitude; hardiness; mettle."
      ],
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        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ],
        [
          "Fortitude",
          "fortitude#English"
        ],
        [
          "hardiness",
          "hardiness#English"
        ],
        [
          "mettle",
          "mettle#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "psychologically; emotionally; or biologically; psychologically; emotionally; or biologically",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The state of being tough.",
        "(psychologically, emotionally, or biologically) Fortitude; hardiness; mettle."
      ],
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        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
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        "A formidable difficulty."
      ],
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        [
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          "formidable"
        ],
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          "difficulty",
          "difficulty"
        ]
      ],
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    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tvǎrdost",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "твърдост"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "sitkeys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "ankaruus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "kovuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "solidité"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "dureté"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "endurance"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Zähigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "word": "robustezza"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "state of being tough",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tenacitate"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "toughness"
  ],
  "word": "toughness"
}

Download raw JSONL data for toughness meaning in English (4.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.