See toponymy in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "microtoponymy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "neotoponymy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toponym"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toponymic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toponymist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "topo",
"3": "onymy"
},
"expansion": "topo- + -onymy",
"name": "confix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From topo- + -onymy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toponymies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "toponymy (countable and uncountable, plural toponymies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Semantics",
"orig": "en:Semantics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with topo-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -onymy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Onomastics",
"orig": "en:Onomastics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Names",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lexicological study of place names; a branch of onomastics."
],
"id": "en-toponymy-en-noun-h~LILIK2",
"links": [
[
"semantics",
"semantics"
],
[
"Lexicological",
"lexicology"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"onomastics",
"onomastics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(semantics) Lexicological study of place names; a branch of onomastics."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toponomastics"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"semantics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "teġanvanagitutʻyun",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "տեղանվանագիտություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "toponimika",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "տոպոնիմիկա"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponímia"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dìmíngxué",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "地名學"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dìmíngxué",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "地名学"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "loknomstudo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponimio"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponüümia"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "paikannimitutkimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponomastiikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponymie"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponimia"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ortsnamenkunde"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ortsnamenforschung"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Toponomastik"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Toponymie"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Toponymik"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "toponymiología",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τοπωνυμιολογία"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "örnefnafræði"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponimi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logainmníocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponimia"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"alt": "ちめいがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chimeigaku",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "地名学"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jimyeonghak",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "지명학"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponimi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "stedsnavnsforskning"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "stedsnavnsgransking"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stadnamnforsking"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stadnamngransking"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponimia"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponímia"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "toponímika",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "топони́мика"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ortnamnsforskning"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "toponomastik"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "geografisk onomatologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "địa danh học"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The nomenclature of anatomical regions."
],
"id": "en-toponymy-en-noun-LzV0Tz50",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"nomenclature",
"nomenclature"
],
[
"anatomical",
"anatomical"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The nomenclature of anatomical regions."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"toponymy"
],
"word": "toponymy"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with topo-",
"English terms suffixed with -onymy",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Onomastics"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "microtoponymy"
},
{
"word": "neotoponymy"
},
{
"word": "toponym"
},
{
"word": "toponymic"
},
{
"word": "toponymist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "topo",
"3": "onymy"
},
"expansion": "topo- + -onymy",
"name": "confix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From topo- + -onymy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toponymies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "toponymy (countable and uncountable, plural toponymies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Semantics"
],
"glosses": [
"Lexicological study of place names; a branch of onomastics."
],
"links": [
[
"semantics",
"semantics"
],
[
"Lexicological",
"lexicology"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"onomastics",
"onomastics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(semantics) Lexicological study of place names; a branch of onomastics."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toponomastics"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"semantics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The nomenclature of anatomical regions."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"nomenclature",
"nomenclature"
],
[
"anatomical",
"anatomical"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The nomenclature of anatomical regions."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "teġanvanagitutʻyun",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "տեղանվանագիտություն"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "toponimika",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "տոպոնիմիկա"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponímia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dìmíngxué",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "地名學"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dìmíngxué",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "地名学"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "loknomstudo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponimio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponüümia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "paikannimitutkimus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponomastiikka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponymie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponimia"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ortsnamenkunde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ortsnamenforschung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Toponomastik"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Toponymie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Toponymik"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "toponymiología",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τοπωνυμιολογία"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "örnefnafræði"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponimi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logainmníocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponimia"
},
{
"alt": "ちめいがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chimeigaku",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "地名学"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jimyeonghak",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "지명학"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "toponimi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "stedsnavnsforskning"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "stedsnavnsgransking"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stadnamnforsking"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stadnamngransking"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponimia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "toponímia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "toponímika",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "топони́мика"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "toponymi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ortnamnsforskning"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "toponomastik"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of place names",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "geografisk onomatologi"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "study of place names",
"word": "địa danh học"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"toponymy"
],
"word": "toponymy"
}
Download raw JSONL data for toponymy meaning in English (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.